Глава 12. Неличные формы глагола. Non-finite forms of the verb.
§ 1. Кто они? Who are they?
Потренируемся?
Упражнение 1. Найдите и подчеркните инфинитивы и переведите предложения на русский язык.
I am afraid it will be his destiny to be thrown out in the street.
The witch made me wait for half an hour.
How dare you come gatecrashing like this! How ill-mannered you ogres are!
I think we should start early in the morning.
You needn’t answer today. You can think for a day or two.
The princess was thought to be shopping in Regent Street.
If you do not remember the spelling of the word, you’d better look it up in the dictionary.
The hippo is said to have been injured in a car accident.
As Buratino had lost his key there was nothing to do but break the door open.
It is much better to invest your money in a business than keep it at home.
I’d much rather not go to the party. I have a headache.
Would you rather stay at home or join the pirates?
He tried various numbers at random, but without success. It was funny, he seemed to have lost his knack.
The princess did not as much as open his letter, let alone answer it.
I need to help my grandmother. She can’t do it herself.
Why not enjoy the evening at home?
To be in company with somebody one dislikes must be truly painful.
It would be a very bad precedent to let the boy cut the end of the term.
Words have weight, sound and appearance, it is only by considering these that you can write a sentence that is good to look at and good to listen to.
I have to get my memory to work, and it is like an old clock, rusty.
Упражнение 2. Прочитайте предложения, задайте вопрос к каждому глаголу в форме Ving, выясните, причастие это или герундий и переведите предложения на русский язык.
герундий выделен курсивом, причастие – подчеркиванием:
Under police questioning the dreadful forest robbers admitted inventing the story.
The pirates noticed a ship approaching the island.
Do you know the man standing at the entrance?
It is idiotic to leave Monte Carlo without trying your luck.
Madelene was seen running away.
It turned out that the suitcase was used for carrying drugs.
The witch couldn’t stand the blinking lights.
I distinctly remember last Christmas seeing you together and thinking how happy you looked.
Rex seemed a rough, healthy, prosperous fellow whose name was already familiar to him from reading the political reports.
The beginning student may find it difficult to understand.
Coming into the room the dragon saw that somebody had broken the window.
They didn’t mention it for fear of hurting the witch’s feelings.
Walking past the shop, the ogre noticed his reflection in the shop window.
The prince is extravagant. Living beyond his means is a matter of principle to him.
Standing still merely means running backwards.
He changed his mind, realizing that the whole thing was useless.
You can’t make an omelette without breaking eggs.
The princess ran to the house as if trying to escape.
I remember reading about it in one of the historical novels.
I’ve got too far. There’s no turning back now.
The prisoner escaped by sliding down a rope.
While liking dogs the ogre never let them come into the house.
WORD
POWER
A. Fill in the blanks with “resemble”, “remind” or “remember” in the appropriate form .
The hippo reminded his son to buy a newspaper on his way home.
Peter resembles his uncle in looks.
That film reminded me of my childhood.
I didn't realize the town had grown so much; I remember it as being just a small place.
Does this story remind you anything?
I remembered our old dog last night. I miss him so much.
She continued to serve the old man faithfully, hoping to be remembered in his will.
I must pay the gas bill. I’ll put it here to remind me.
Mike closely resembles his father.
The dwarf has lived on our street for as long as I can remember .
Oh, that reminds me, I saw Phil in town today.
Do you remember Rosa Davies? I met her the other day.
I remember you two couldn’t stand each other at first.
The view reminded her of her native country.
The princess is so charming! She resembles an angel.
Remind me what to do, I haven’t used this machine for ages.
I remember my father bringing home a huge Christmas tree.
I remember meeting her at a party once.
Who does she resemble, I wonder?
Hearing this song always reminds me of a certain night in Santa Cruz.
B. Fill in the blanks with “know”, “learn” or “recognize” in the appropriate form .
He just recognized the bell of the church from the organ.
What did you learn from Albert? Is there going to be a strike?
I had to recognize the ogre was right
They are neighbours of ours, but we do not know them.
Mrs. Pitt is nervous. She is learning to drive.
Who knows? The princess might get married by that time.
The pirates knew/ recognized that the situation was hopeless.
Ann knows already four languages and wants to learn one more.
He knew/ recognized that he was not qualified for the post.
Of course, it’s a great misfortune. But she'll just have to learn to live with it.
Lizzie is only three but she knows how to read.
The operation is not recognized as legal in many states.
Kikimora learns everything from the witch who is a bit too talkative.
We learnt/knew that the ogre had found a job.
Actors have to learn their words off in a very short time.
C. Fill in the blanks with “gather”, “collect” or “pick up” in the appropriate form .
The pirates gathered around their captain.
Some men go to dances just to see if they can … a girl.
I'll pick you up at your place at five o'clock.
The king saw a crowd of people gathering before the window.
He died without a will, though he had collected three thousand pounds.
The shipwrecked sailors were picked up by a passing boat.
I'm collecting for the Red Cross, please give generously.
I don't know where my children have picked up those rude words!
My elder brother collects funny little toy crocodiles.
I could pick up nothing from his statement.
Having picked up her belongings, she ran out of the house.
I'll collect you from the airport.
Jim dropped his pen and bent to pick it up.
The dragon is pressed for time. He is collecting his car from repair service.
I know where you can pick up a good used car at a very reasonable price.
REVISION
A. Use the words in the brackets to form a word that fits in each space. The first one is done for you.
a) Nowadays there is a variety (vary) of career opportunities in the media. It is possible to study journalism (journalist) at most universities, many of which offer optional (option) courses in reporting on sports and entertainment (entertain). Newer degrees in media studies, which were unavailable (available) as recently as ten years ago, attract enthusiastic (enthusiasm) students from all over the country. Some graduates prefer to work in advertising (advertise) as it allows them to use their creativity (create) in the production (produce) of increasingly sophisticated TV and press advertisements. Unfortunately (fortunate) not all graduates find work easily as there is still a lot of unemployment (employ) in the media industry, but things are improving.
b) The way children play has changed considerably (consider) over the last fifty years. In the past, parents did not have to fear for the safety (safe) of their children if they went out to play. Most neighbourhoods (neighbour) were communities in which everyone knew each other and children could be left to play unsupervised (supervise) by adults. In addition (add) there was hardly any traffic and a street could be easily (easy) transformed into a football pitch or used for a game of tag. Unfortunately (fortunate) things are very different today. Apart from the fact that our streets are more dangerous (danger) than they were in the past, the last fifty years have seen the creation (create) of more and more sophisticated games, including (include), of course, the thousands of computer games on the market. Too much time spent alone with a computer may damage the child’s ability (able) to form friendships with other children.
B. Translate into English paying special attention to the use of modal verbs.
1. Не может быть, что поезд уже ушел. The train can’t have already leg. 2. Я, возможно, вернусь поздно. I may comeback late. 3. Великану пришлось тащить бревно через весь лес. The giant had to carry the log all the way through the wood. 4. Должно быть, мы заблудились. We must have lost our way. 5. Машина никак не хочет заводиться. The car won’t start. 6. Сейчас тебе следует спать, а не смотреть телевизор. You should be sleeping, not watching TV. 7. Неужели рыцарь все еще сражается с драконом? Can the knight be still fighting the dragon? 8. Что вы наделали! Нельзя было давать коту сырое мясо. Теперь он может заболеть. What have you done! You shouldn’t have given raw meat to the cat. He may fall ill now. 9. В это помещение входить нельзя. Доступ сюда строго ограничен. You must not enter this room. The access is strictly limited. 10. Не нужно было мыть посуду. Это у нас делает горничная. You needn’t have washed the dishes. Our maid does it. 11. Должно быть, вы устали. Хотите чашку кофе? You must be tired. Would you like a cup of coffee? 12. Мы могли остаться в Москве еще на пару дней, но решили поехать домой, чтобы успеть подготовиться к школе. We could have stayed another couple of days in Moscow but decided to go home to get ready for school. 13. У меня закончились наличные, но вчера мне вернули долг, и в банк идти не пришлось. I ran out of cash but yesterday I was repaid some money and didn’t have to go to the bank.14. Это растение нужно поливать каждый день. This plant needs to be watered every day. 15. Наверняка про это уже давно забыли. This must have been already forgotten.
C. There are a few mistakes in each of the following jokes. Find and correct them. The number of mistakes is given.