- •«Финансовый университет
- •Предисловие
- •Часть 1:
- •Часть 2:
- •Into the Modern Era (1950s – Present)
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Violence in Schools
- •Ian says:
- •Unit II
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b What are Microeconomics and Macroeconomics?
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Text a The system of higher education in the United States
- •Text b Education in the United States
- •Community Colleges
- •The Ivy League
- •Glossary
- •Unit III
- •Opportunity Costs
- •Vocabulary list
- •Planned Economies
- •Market Economies
- •Vocabulary list
- •Mixed Economy
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •How to Choose a University Course
- •Unit IV Part 1 Competition
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 TextA
- •Strengths and Weaknesses of a Student
- •How to be motivated to start studying
- •Instructions:
- •Tips & warnings
- •How to be a good student
- •Instructions:
- •Unit V Part 1 Money: History and Functions
- •History of the word “money”
- •Functions of money
- •Money as a medium of exchange
- •Money as a store of value
- •Money as a unit of account
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Money and the Meaning of Life
- •Respect & recognition
- •Personal satisfaction
- •Unit VI Part 1 Forms of Money
- •Commodity money
- •Metallic money
- •Metallic coins
- •History Paper money
- •Obligations
- •Gold Standard
- •Gold Exchange Standard
- •Vocabulary List
- •Intrinsic value, bill of exchange, scarcity, durability, fiat money, nominal value, gold standard, legal tender
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •It’s All Who You Know
- •The Effect of Part-Time Jobs on Students
- •Unit VII
- •Movements in individual prices and in the general price level
- •Measurement issues
- •Consumer Price Index
- •Measurement problems
- •Nominal and real variables
- •Vocabulary list
- •Hyperinflation
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 From College to Career
- •Navigate Change: 3 Tips to Manage the Transition from College to Career
- •1. Small Steps
- •2. Small Dreams
- •3. Big Belief
- •1. Do you prefer to study…
- •2. Do you study best…
- •3. Do you prefer to work…
- •Goldsmith to Banker
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b The Bank of England
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Career: Economist
- •Unit IX Part 1 Globalization
- •The Pros and Cons of Globalization
- •Vocabularylist
- •Interaction, globalization, cross-border, controversial, vulnerability, interdependence, integration
- •Text b Russia and Globalization
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Part 2 Why learn languages?
- •10 Good reasons why you should be learning a foreign language
- •Text a British educational and foreign language policy
- •I. Single European Market
- •II. European Monetary Institute
- •III. Ecb and the euro
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Defining a 21st Century Education: At a Glance
- •Appendix I Communication Skills
- •Greetings and Introductions
- •Introductions – Social Language
- •Informal Greetings: Arriving
- •Informal Greetings: Departing
- •Travel Greetings - Social Language
- •Social Contacts: Starting a Conversation
- •Five Basic Facts
- •Hobbies / Free Time
- •Social Contacts: Speaking to Strangers; Special Days
- •Interrupting
- •Special Days
- •Social Contacts: Small Talk
- •Social Contacts: First Name, Last Name Or Title?
- •Expressing opinion
- •Making Suggestions
- •Construction
- •Stating a Preference
- •Construction
- •Disagreeing
- •Giving Advice
- •Construction
- •Contrasting Ideas
- •Construction
- •Asking for Information and Explanations
- •Construction
- •Task: Make up short dialogues using the above constructions. Demanding Explanations
- •Construction
- •Telephoning (I) Telephone English - Important Phrases
- •Telephone English - Leaving Messages
- •Telephoning (II) Business Telephone Conversation Patterns
- •Interrupting
- •Negotiations
- •Glossary
- •Negotiations Stages. The language
- •1 Opening the Negotiations
- •2 Clarifying Proposals
- •3 Exploring the Zone of Bargaining and Options
- •4 Bargaining
- •5 Entering the Critical Phase
- •Identifying obstacles:
- •6 Closing
- •The Negotiation Process
- •Language to use to show understanding/agreement on a point:
- •Language to use for objection on a point or offer:
- •Markus Opens the Negotiations
- •Appendix II
- •Summary Writing
- •If you must use the words of the author, cite them.
- •Gist Writing
- •Getting the gist
- •Appendix III
- •I. Preparation and Planning
- •I.1 Essential Preparation and Planning Checklist
- •I.2 Other questions concerning physical aspects.
- •II. Structure of an Oral Presentation
- •II.1.D Give title and introduce subject
- •II.1.E Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals)
- •II.1.F Announce your outline.
- •II.3 The end or conclusion
- •II.3.A Content
- •II.3.B Dealing with difficult questions
- •Summary of Part II
- •III. Visuals
- •Vocabulary of graphs/chart
- •IV. A Relationship with the Audience
- •V. Body Language
- •VI. Voice and Pronunciation
- •Заключение
- •List of Literature
- •Internet sources:
- •Благодарности
- •Contents
Intrinsic value, bill of exchange, scarcity, durability, fiat money, nominal value, gold standard, legal tender
1. A form of money in which person has a right by law to pay a debt, and which the creditor must by law accept in settlement of the debt.
2. A monetary system under which the value of the standard unit of currency is by law made equal to a fixed weight of gold.
3. A quality of a unit of money which implies a possibility of its usage over a period of time.
4. A quality of a unit of money which implies the fact that money is a rare good, difficult to come by.
5. The value possessed by a thing because its own nature or the matter of which it is composed.
6. The value of a banknote printed on its face.
7. Paper money or coins of little or no material value in themselves and not convertible into gold but made legal tender by order of the government
8. An order requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay a sum of money to a specified person or bearer
Ex 5. Answer the questions:
What qualities made goods appropriate for serving as money?
What does the evolution of money depend on?
Why did metallic money replace commodity money?
When and where was paper money used first? Why was it abandoned?
What is “obligation”? what points were mentioned in these documents?
What did the advent of paper fiat money in Europe signify? Why?
What is Gold Standard? Why was it come off?
What is Gold Exchange Standard?
Has the evolution of money stopped? Prove your answer.
Ex 6. Find in the text the words and phrases that mean:
qualities units of money must possess to serve the functions of legal tender
properties of gold & silver that made them superior to other metals
the paper money that had no commodity value and was money only by imperial decree
currencies convertible into gold at a fixed price
types money that do not have any material form
the documents certifying the fact that someone owes money to someone else, used as means of payment
Ex 7. Comment on the following:
with the intrinsic value of the coins declining, the prices of goods and services began to rise
this paper money had no commodity value and was money only by imperial decree
the nation states held gold reserves in central banks to ensure the credibility of their currency
the evolution of money has not stopped
Ex 8. Increase your vocabulary.
Study the word combinations with the word “value”. Use them in thesentences of your own.
cash value –денежнаястоимость
totalvalue–общаястоимость
commodityvalue–стоимостьтоваров
materialvalue–материальнаястоимость
trade (trading) value–продажнаястоимость
face (nominal) value–номинальнаястоимость
forvalue–заплату
ofvalue–ценный, драгоценный
ofsmall (little) value – малоценный
Other adjectives: final, net, current, market. Verbs: to assess the value, to decline in value, to establish the value, to exceed in value, to increase/lose in value, to maintain its value.
Translate.
Какова общая стоимость произведенных товаров?
Эти услуги предоставляются за плату.
Активы этой компании резко упали в стоимости.
Даже во время кризиса эта валюта сохранила свою стоимость.
Эти экспонаты малоценны и не нуждаются в специальной охране.
Это ценные предметы, и нам нужен сейф для их хранения.
Стоимость товара резко повысилась из-за увеличения цен на нефть.