- •«Финансовый университет
- •Предисловие
- •Часть 1:
- •Часть 2:
- •Into the Modern Era (1950s – Present)
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Violence in Schools
- •Ian says:
- •Unit II
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b What are Microeconomics and Macroeconomics?
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Text a The system of higher education in the United States
- •Text b Education in the United States
- •Community Colleges
- •The Ivy League
- •Glossary
- •Unit III
- •Opportunity Costs
- •Vocabulary list
- •Planned Economies
- •Market Economies
- •Vocabulary list
- •Mixed Economy
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •How to Choose a University Course
- •Unit IV Part 1 Competition
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 TextA
- •Strengths and Weaknesses of a Student
- •How to be motivated to start studying
- •Instructions:
- •Tips & warnings
- •How to be a good student
- •Instructions:
- •Unit V Part 1 Money: History and Functions
- •History of the word “money”
- •Functions of money
- •Money as a medium of exchange
- •Money as a store of value
- •Money as a unit of account
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Money and the Meaning of Life
- •Respect & recognition
- •Personal satisfaction
- •Unit VI Part 1 Forms of Money
- •Commodity money
- •Metallic money
- •Metallic coins
- •History Paper money
- •Obligations
- •Gold Standard
- •Gold Exchange Standard
- •Vocabulary List
- •Intrinsic value, bill of exchange, scarcity, durability, fiat money, nominal value, gold standard, legal tender
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •It’s All Who You Know
- •The Effect of Part-Time Jobs on Students
- •Unit VII
- •Movements in individual prices and in the general price level
- •Measurement issues
- •Consumer Price Index
- •Measurement problems
- •Nominal and real variables
- •Vocabulary list
- •Hyperinflation
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 From College to Career
- •Navigate Change: 3 Tips to Manage the Transition from College to Career
- •1. Small Steps
- •2. Small Dreams
- •3. Big Belief
- •1. Do you prefer to study…
- •2. Do you study best…
- •3. Do you prefer to work…
- •Goldsmith to Banker
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b The Bank of England
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Career: Economist
- •Unit IX Part 1 Globalization
- •The Pros and Cons of Globalization
- •Vocabularylist
- •Interaction, globalization, cross-border, controversial, vulnerability, interdependence, integration
- •Text b Russia and Globalization
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Part 2 Why learn languages?
- •10 Good reasons why you should be learning a foreign language
- •Text a British educational and foreign language policy
- •I. Single European Market
- •II. European Monetary Institute
- •III. Ecb and the euro
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Defining a 21st Century Education: At a Glance
- •Appendix I Communication Skills
- •Greetings and Introductions
- •Introductions – Social Language
- •Informal Greetings: Arriving
- •Informal Greetings: Departing
- •Travel Greetings - Social Language
- •Social Contacts: Starting a Conversation
- •Five Basic Facts
- •Hobbies / Free Time
- •Social Contacts: Speaking to Strangers; Special Days
- •Interrupting
- •Special Days
- •Social Contacts: Small Talk
- •Social Contacts: First Name, Last Name Or Title?
- •Expressing opinion
- •Making Suggestions
- •Construction
- •Stating a Preference
- •Construction
- •Disagreeing
- •Giving Advice
- •Construction
- •Contrasting Ideas
- •Construction
- •Asking for Information and Explanations
- •Construction
- •Task: Make up short dialogues using the above constructions. Demanding Explanations
- •Construction
- •Telephoning (I) Telephone English - Important Phrases
- •Telephone English - Leaving Messages
- •Telephoning (II) Business Telephone Conversation Patterns
- •Interrupting
- •Negotiations
- •Glossary
- •Negotiations Stages. The language
- •1 Opening the Negotiations
- •2 Clarifying Proposals
- •3 Exploring the Zone of Bargaining and Options
- •4 Bargaining
- •5 Entering the Critical Phase
- •Identifying obstacles:
- •6 Closing
- •The Negotiation Process
- •Language to use to show understanding/agreement on a point:
- •Language to use for objection on a point or offer:
- •Markus Opens the Negotiations
- •Appendix II
- •Summary Writing
- •If you must use the words of the author, cite them.
- •Gist Writing
- •Getting the gist
- •Appendix III
- •I. Preparation and Planning
- •I.1 Essential Preparation and Planning Checklist
- •I.2 Other questions concerning physical aspects.
- •II. Structure of an Oral Presentation
- •II.1.D Give title and introduce subject
- •II.1.E Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals)
- •II.1.F Announce your outline.
- •II.3 The end or conclusion
- •II.3.A Content
- •II.3.B Dealing with difficult questions
- •Summary of Part II
- •III. Visuals
- •Vocabulary of graphs/chart
- •IV. A Relationship with the Audience
- •V. Body Language
- •VI. Voice and Pronunciation
- •Заключение
- •List of Literature
- •Internet sources:
- •Благодарности
- •Contents
Vocabulary list
a banknote – банкнота
a coin – монета
an asset – актив
liquid – ликвидный
ant. illiquid
to convert – обращать, переводить, конвертировать
n. conversion
a medium of exchange – средствообращения
a store of value – средство накопления
syn. a store of wealth
a unit of account – единицарасчета
barter – бартер, бартерный
v. to barter
acounterpart – контрагент, партнер в сделке
a mutual coincidence of wants – взаимноесовпадениепотребностей
commodity money – товарные деньги
convention – соглашение; обычай
exchange rate (ratio) – обменныйкурс
Notes:
atlowcost – с низкими издержками
aproperty – зд. характеристика, черта
a positive value – положительная стоимость
price and cost calculation – расчетценыистоимости
transparency – прозрачность
adeposit – банковский депозит
Ex 1. Suggest the Russian equivalents:
“money makes the world go round”; these assets are regarded as money; to be used for payment purposes; uncontested; to make a payment at a very low cost; money is what money does; division of labour; to imply substantial “transaction costs”;crude form of money; facilitate the whole process to a considerable extent; money should be easy to carry, durable, divisible; to allow the act of sale to be separated from the act of purchase; to lose value over time; terms of trade; to be expressed in money terms.
Ex 2. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text.
In 289 B.C. the first Roman mint was built, initially ….:
Nowadays a number of other forms of assets exist which are … and can … into cash.
Money can be thought of as … that … some basic functions.
The most … problem with a barter economy is that … who want … that they are offering.
It is obvious that one … for this particular good … … is that it is … as a medium of exchange.
If the good used as money … over time, it can be … for longer periods.
Of … importance is the function of money as … .
More generally speaking, not only can … … , but so too can the price of any asset.
Ex 3. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following:
играть ключевую роль, использовать в целях платежа, служить какой-либо цели, легко конвертироваться в наличные деньги, дать более общее определение понятия «деньги», обменивать товары и услуги путем бартера, транзакционные издержки, усложнить сделку, облегчить весь процесс, особые технические характеристики, сохранять ценность в течение времени, функция сохранения стоимости, относительная цена, заработная плата, доход, общепризнанное средство расчета.
Ex 4. Match each term with the appropriate explanation.
money, broad money, mint, barter, commodity money
The mutual exchange of goods and services for other goods and services without using money; the earliest form of trade.
A universal commodity that fulfills special functions in economy.
Different forms of assets which are liquid and can be converted into cash or used to make payments at very low cost.
A place where coins were initially produced.
A special good which is used as a medium of exchange.
Ex. 5. Answer the questions and do the assignments.
Expand on the history of the word “money”.
Why are banknotes and coins regarded as money in the first place? What other forms of money can you name?
How can money be defined?
What functions does it fulfill in the society?
What problems do there exist in a barter economy? How are they solved with money?
How does money serve as a medium of exchange? A store of value? A unit of account?
Ex. 6 Find in the text the words and phrases that refer to the following notions and comment on them:
“broad money”
a barter economy
a mutual coincidence of wants
a positive value
“exchange ratios”
a currency area
Ex 7. Comment on the phrases:
“money makes the world go round”
“money is what money does”
“the less stable and reliable the value of money, the more difficult it is for money to fulfill this important function (a unit of account)”
Ex 8. Increase your vocabulary.
Study the word combinations with the word “money”. Use them in the sentences of your own.
commoditymoney – товар, выполняющий функцию денег в странах с неразвитой экономикой
loanablemoney – деньги, даваемые или получаемые взаймы
public money – денежные средства правительства
ready money – наличные деньги
smart money – штраф, неустойка
standardmoney – основные денежные единицы данной страны
token money – денежные знаки
money only – только наличными
to be short of money – нуждатьсявденьгах
to change money – разменивать деньги
to make money – зарабатывать деньги
to have money at (in, with) a bank – вкладыватьденьгивбанк
Other adjectives: forged, near, paper, end, real, world, due;
Verbs: to borrow (at interest), to draw (from a bank), to lend (at, on interest), to spend, to put aside, to invest.
Translate the sentences.
Некоторые товары могут служить «товарными деньгами», особенно если экономическая ситуация в стране неблагоприятна.
Основная денежная единица этой страны – фунт стерлингов.
Не могли бы вы разменять мне $100?
Попрошу вас расплатиться только наличными.
Вам придется заплатить неустойку за задержку товара.
Компания остро нуждалась в деньгах, так что ей пришлось прибегнуть к займу под высокий процент.
Я думаю, вам лучше начать откладывать деньги на черный день.
Мы сняли все свои деньги с банковского счета и решили вложить их в многообещающий проект.