In September/ in October /in the 21 century

In 1968/ in the 1970s/ in the early (late) 30s

или: in the morning, in the afternoon.

Мы также используем in, чтобы сказать как скоро что-то произойдет:

in half an hour/ in a month.

 

(d)Мы не употребляемat/on/inперед словами

next и last:

Next morning.

It didn't rain last month.

For, during, while

(a) For и during

Мы употребляем for + промежуток времени, чтобы сказать СКОЛЬКО ВРЕМЕНИ длится что-то:

for a week/ for 3 hours/ for 100 years.

He has lived in Paris for three years.

We have been waiting for you for two hours.

 Мы употребляем during + cуществительное, чтобы сказать, КОГДА происходит что-то (а не сколько времени):during the lesson,

during the year/ during the past day.

During the last three monthes he has made great progress in French.

I fell in love with her during our first talk.

 

(b)During и while

Мы употребляем такие конструкции как

during+существительное, но

while+подлежащее +сказуемое.

Например:

I fell in love with her during our first talk.

I fell in love while we were talking.

 

Whileчасто употребляется в значении

"одновременно"(в одно и то же время):

He cooked supper while she lulled the baby to sleep.

 

Whileтребует после себя настоящее время,

даже если действие относится к будущему:

Will you cook supper while she lulls the baby?

By and until

(a)By (+ время) употребляется для обозначения того, когда наступит указанное время:

Can you finish this work by tomorrow? (= не позже, чем завтра)

I'd like to have it by 11 o'clock. (= в 11 или до 11 часов).

 

Для того, чтобы показать, КАК ДОЛГО продолжается действие, мы употребляем untilилиtill.

We shall wait for your answer until 5 o'clock. ( мы перестанем ждать в 5 часов)

I hope he'll receive the invitation by Sunday. (приглашение придет либо до воскресенья, либо в воскресенье)

I hope he'll receive the invitation until Sunday. (приглашение придет в воскресенье)

 

(b) Мы также употребляем конструкциюby the time

(something happens)..:

By the time you finish working in the library, I'll be home already. (= I will come home between now and the time you finish working in the library)

 Когда вы говорите о прошлом, вы можете употреблять конструкцию by the time (something happened)..:

By the time I finished, I was very tired.

In, at, on (position/ предлоги места) (1)

(a) In

In a cage/ in the sea/ in a queue

Эти выражения следует запомнить:

in the street/ in a picture/ in a station in the sky/ in a mirror/ in a photograph

I live in Pushkin Street.

There were a lot of clouds in the sky yesterday.

 

(b) At

at the window /at the table /at the top of the hill

Эти выражения следует запомнить:

at the crossing / at the traffic lights / at a staircase at lunch (dinner) supper/ at school/(the) university /at the top

We are pupils of the seventh form at school No. 4.

 

(c) On

on the blackboard /on the hand /on a page/on the wall

Эти выражения следует запомнить:

on the left/ on the right /on the coast on the way/ on a road /on a river on the ground floor/ on the first floor и т.д.

Shakespear's native town is on the river Avon.

 

(d) In,at,on the corner

Мы говорим in the corner of the room, но

at the corner (или on the corner) of a street:

The table is in the corner of the room.

There is a beautiful house at/on the corner of the street.

 

(e) In/at/on the front. In/at/on the back

Мы говорим 'in the front/in the back of the car':

She was sitting in the back (of the car) when we crashed.

 Мы говорим 'at the front/at the back of a hall/ building/cinema/group of people' и т.д.:

The piano is at the back of the hall.

 Мы говорим 'on the front/on the back of a letter/

piece of paper' и т.д.:

Write your name on the back of this piece of paper.