2. Make up 10 sentences using different modal verbs describing what should/ought to/must a person learn and know to be a man of culture in modern society.

Speaking

Discuss the following

• What kind of person is a cultured one?

• What books should be read to develop personality culturally?

• What basic sciences should educated and cultured person be aware of?

• What kind of music do you like? Do you like classical music?

Writing

Write a small essay “How to survive in foreign culture? Recommendation and advice”.

Discussion

Pair work. Discuss the issues raised in the questions below.

1. What does living interesting “cultural life” mean to you?

2. What are the aspects of the "cultural life" for you? In your opinion, what things should a person possess to say that he lives a life of a “cultural “man?

3. Would you include both material and spiritual things into the concept of "cultural life"? Explain why “yes” or “no”.

4. Can you think of somebody to model your life on?

5. Do you think that you are a representative of Russian cultural society? Explain why “yes” or “no”.

6. What is to be “cultural”, to be “uncultured” from Russian point of view?

7. Is language a part of national culture? What is Russian language for you?

8. What’s your attitude towards knowledge of English language in Russian “cultural” society?

9. How many languages should a man of culture speak? Understand? Learn?

Project Work“Cultural Banner”.

Work together to create a “cultural banner” expressing values, traditions, activities, and places important in their families and friends.

Step 1.

1. Write the word culture in the center of a piece of chart paper and circle it.

2. Brainstorm associations with the word, record the words and phrases that come up on the chart paper, and connect them to culture, creating a web.

3. Discuss the web and agree on a definition along these lines: culture is the values, beliefs, and traditions shared by a group of people.

Step 2. Introduce Cultural Banners

1. Take paper and markers or crayons.

2. Write your name on the banner and any symbols (words or pictures) that show values, traditions, activities, and places that are important for their family. Use words or drawings to represent holidays, foods, sports, flags and so on.

3. After you have created the banners, pass the banners to your neighbors and keep doing so until everyone has had a chance to see every banner. Share your banners with each other.

Step 3. Discussion

1. How was this activity for you? What did you learn from doing it?

2. What are some of the cultures represented in the group?

Unit 4. What is Xenophobia?

Lead in

• Do you know any scientific definition of the “unreasonable fear of foreigners or strangers”? Skim the following text about xenophobia.

• What is your personal attitude towards this phenomenon?

• Can you give any examples you have ever heard, seen, experienced?

Reading and vocabulary

1. Read the text for general understanding . Pay attention to the words in bold?

What is Xenophobia?

Xenophobia refers to the fear and/or hatred towards foreigners or people with different nationalities, culture, ethnicity, or background. Many people also use the term “xenophobia” and casually inter-change it with “racism” although there is quite a big difference between the two terms. Racism may almost always mean some form of anger or hatred towards people of different nationalities, while xenophobia may or may not involve hatred. Sometimes, xenophobia may just manifest itself as a feeling of fear or unease and anxiety towards “foreign” or “strange” people.

The fear involved in xenophobia may come from different aspects. Some people experience ill-feelings toward other cultures and nationalities because of a fear in losing one’s identity. Some also are extremely suspicious of other people’s activities and personalities that they resort to either “withdrawal” from the unpleasant situation or “aggression” towards the foreign people involved. Others have this extremist type of feeling that his/her culture or background is superior over the others with accompanying prejudice to other groups of people as inferior.

To further distance the word “xenophobia” from “racism”, many experts point out that the fear involved in xenophobia is irrational. This means that people who have this condition do not actually have control over their emotions and prejudices on people and situations. Unlike in racism, where much of the thoughts and actions involved arepre-determined, purposeful, and done at a person’s own free will. Another point is that xenophobia does not only involve feelings of fears towards foreigners or people with different nationalities. Fear may also be experienced with people who seem to be “foreign” or who are labeled as strangers. And since these feelings are uncontrollable, xenophobic have a chance to get better through behavioral and psychotherapies.