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FORMATION OF RISK GROUPS FOR HAVING CHILDREN WITH NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN AND

DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO THE SPINAL DISRAPHIA PREVENTION Maychuk V. O.

Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine

The aim was to develop an algorithm of risk groups formation for having children with neural tube defects among reproductive age women based on the detection of endogenous and exogenous risk factors and to offer a differentiated approach to fetal NTD prevention.

A retrospective analysis of risk factors in women who gave birth to children with NTD (175 women) compared with the control group (60 mothers of children without NTD , congenital malformations and other chromosomal aberrations) and a prospective analysis of the folate cycle metabolic disorders and MTHFR gene polymorphisms C677T and A1298C were carried out. The inclusion criteria for reproductive age women in risk groups for fetal NTD should be regarded as the identification of at least one of the following risk factors: burdened obstetric history on miscarriages and/or prenatal fetal death (OR = 3.4); living in polluted areas and the use of well water for cooking (OR = 2.7 ); family history of strokes, heart attacks, varicose disease, vessels thromboembolism and thrombosis (OR = 3.04 ); family history of gastrointestinal tract and/or reproductive system cancer (OR 2.9); family history of congenital malformations (OR 3.9); congenital malformations in other children in the family (OR 4.36); maternal age older than 35 years (OR = 2.1).

When planning a pregnancy women from risk group are encouraged to identify levels of homocysteine and folic acid in the blood serum. Revealing hyperhomocysteinemia alone or in combination with low folate levels in the blood at preconception stage can be considered predictive of fetal NTD formation. The presence of hyperhomocysteinemia is the indication for MTHFR polymorphisms identification to determine preventive measures. Formation of risk groups for fetal NTD among reproductive age women and detecting changes in folate metabolism, will differentiate preventive measures by determining the timing of the admission and doses of folic acid and dietary recommendations.

PASSIVE SMOKING IN THE ODESSA

REGION: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH

RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN INFANTS

Kuzmenko T. V.

Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine

According to the World Health Organization data, almost half of the all children in the world (700 million) exposed to passive smoking. The vulnerability of children to passive smoking is a particular concern for health and ethical reasons. The presence of smokers in the family is a risk factor for intrauterine fetal endothelial damage and, as a consequence, lung disease in the postnatal period of the child development. Passive smoking is a very significant risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). It was

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proven in the global European epidemiological study ECAS that both mother’s and other family member’s smoking may increase the risk of SIDS.

Our goal was to estimate the prevalence of passive smoking among infants and to examine the relationship between passive smoking and respiratory diseases rate in the Odessa region. We conducted face to face interviews using a standardized questionnaire to collect information on prevalence of smoking at home, mother nicotine dependence, the frequency and severity of diseases in infants. We selected 200 infants from the entire number of infants who visited outpatient clinics of the Odessa region and 196 infants with respiratory diseases hospitalized to the Odessa Region Children Clinical Hospital.

The survey revealed an unexpectedly high prevalence of passive smoking among infants of the Odessa region (24.5%). Among families of infants – passive smokers those families dominated in which only father smokes. The frequency of infants with recurrent respiratory diseases in which families both parents smoke is significantly higher than the frequency of recurrent respiratory diseases in the families where only father smokes (45.5% vs 29.6%). The frequency of second hand smoke exposure among infants with pneumonia of different severity is higher than the frequency of passive smoking in the general population (32.7% vs 24.5%).

DIAGNOSIS OF DAMAGE TO PLANTAR PLATE CAPSULE OF METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINTSIN PATIENT WITH HALLUX VALGUS

COMBINED WITH METATARSALGIA

Parvej Singh

Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine

Relevance: In the structure of orthopedic pathologies approximately one-third is occupied by so-called “the static foot deformation” of the foot, out of which one of the main manifestation is Metatarsalgia – pain in anterior compartment of foot. Precisely the pain is within the foot and forces patients to seek medical attention, and the number of these patients is steadily growing.

Aim: To improve the result in diagnosed patients with Hallux Valgus combined with metatarsalgia based on studying structural-functional damages in the anterior compartment of foot changes of the forefoot.

As an anatomical substrate metatarsalgia involves fibrosis of subcutaneous fat, micro-fractures of metatarsal’s heads, degenerative damages to the plantar plate metatarsophalangeal joint capsule. The limited amount of work in this theme doesn’t allow to make definitive conclution, however the most recent ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance investigations indicates the most probable involvement of the plantar plate capsules metarsalgia patients with Hallux Valgus.

Thus the number of unresolved cases. Thus, a number of unresolved issues determines the relevance of studying the problem of metatarsalgia in patients with Hallux Valgus.

Results: As a result of these studies, will offer clinical approved scheme for diagnosis of patients with Hallux Valgus combined with metatarsalgia.

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QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF HYALURONIDASE ACTIVITY OF “LIDASE – LYOPHILIZED POWDER FOR SOLUTION FOR INJECTION” 1Luca Angela, 2Uncu Livia, 2Vîslouh Oxana, 2Suvorchina Olga, 1Donici Elena,

2Mazur Ecaterina

State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemiţanu"

1Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry

2Science Center in the Field of Medicine

Introduction: Hyaluronidase, produced under the name of “Lidase”, is an enzyme preparation derived from bovine testes. It splits the basic component of connective tissue interstitial substance - hyaluronic acid. Lidase reduces connective tissue viscosity, increases vascular and tissue permeability, facilitates the movement of liquids in the interstitial space, reduce tissue edema, emolliates and smooths scars. Hyaluronidase is widely used in medical practice, especially in scar treatment of different genesis.

Aim: Quantitative determination of hyaluronidase activity of “Lidase – lyophilized powder for solution for injection” using biochemical method.

Objectives: To determine the percent of lidase content in lyophilized powder for its further utilization in analyzing compatibility and stability of hyaluronidase-chymotrypsin mixture.

Materials and methods: For research it was used: “Lidase – lyophilized powder for solution for injection 64 UA”, lidase – standard sample, hyaluronic acid, sodium acetate, glacial acid acetic, sodium chloride, potassium hydroxide, boric acid, p- dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. Analytical balance OHAUS, thermostat, UV-VIS spectrophotometer Agilent 8453. All reagents were prepared according to European Pharmacopoiea standards

Results: Quantitative determination is based on the reaction between hyaluronidase and hyaluronic acid with releasing of glucosamine as a product. This method includes thermostatation of hyaluronidase-hyaluronic acid mixture for activation, cooling the mixture in cooling bath, adding potassium tetraborate for creating optimal pH, heating the mixture on boiling water bath, then cooling it, adding Erlich reagent and thermostatation of the mixture. Finally, the absorbtion of the solutions is measured on spectrophotometer and the hyaluronidase activity is calculated. The percent of lidase content found in lyophilized powder is: 74,4 UA, 75,3 UA, 83,7 UA, 88,9 UA, 95 UA, 97,7UA.

Conclusions: Lyophilized powder of lidase corresponds to the specification indicator “quantitative determination”. This method can be utilized for further determination of hyaluronidase-chymotripsin compatibility.

CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA AND OBESITY: PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF ENDOTHELIAL NO-SYNTHASE

GENE

Pasiieshvili T. M.

Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

The combination of obesity and asthma has a negative impact on quality of life, what associated not only with mechanical obstruction of excess fat, but also with the

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metabolic changes. These changes can induce formation of complications, namely, a combination of cardiovascular events in patients with asthma and obesity.

Aim: to study the role of endotelial NO-synthase gene polymorphism in patients with asthma and obesity, in the context of the influence on the formation of cardiovascular complications.

Materials and methods. The study involved 42 patients with asthma (comparison group) and 61 patients with asthma and obesity (study group). Age of the patients was

41.9 ± 7.3 and 43.7 ± 6.2 years respectively. In the study group 25 patients (41%) had increased body weight, 14 (22.9%) obesity 1 and 22 (36.1%) – 2 degrees. Abdominal obesity recorded in 9 men and 35 women. Study of eNOS gene polymorphism showed that in patients with isolated asthma corresponded of genotypes were: TT genotype was detected in 52.4%, the CT genotype - in 28.6%, and the mutant CC genotype – in 19.0% cases. In main group normal homozygotes eNOS gene set in 11.5% of cases, heterozygotes – in 41.0% and pathological genotype CC – in 47.5%. In the study group in patients with the СС genotype during the exacerbation of asthma often noted an increase in blood pressure (34 patients – 52.9%), cardialgia (47.5%) and cardiac arrhythmias (19.7%). In the comparison group (12 patients) increased numbers of blood pressure were recorded only in 6 cases, cardialgia in 3 patients and arrhythmia in 2 (4.8%) cases.

Conclusions. In patients with asthma and obesity formed endothelial dysfunction, which is accompanied by metabolic disorders that can be considered as predictors of formation of atherosclerotic process and hypertension.

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