Imperative mood

The sentences that give a command or make a request are called imperative sentences.

Stop it. Stop talking.

Be yourself. Trust your own intuition.

Listen. Pack your suitcases we are going to leave.

Occasionally, to give emphasis, we include the subject (always the addressee):

You take my advice, Jane.

Exercise 14. Ask your partner:

• to apply for the job;

• to imitate the teacher’s (the speaker’s) pronunciation.

• to comment on the fact;

• to establish a new point of reference;

• to choose a better description;

• to accept the invitation.

Study negative imperative sentences:

Don’t take the job, if you are not sure.

Don’t imitate others, be yourself.

Exercise 15. Ask your partner.

• not to smoke (that much);

• not to speak so loud;

• not to give advice if you are not asked for;

• not to accept that job;

• not to trust that person;

• not to give comments.

Exercise 16. Learn some of the informal uses of imperatives.

Think nothing of it (acknowledging apology).

Do it my way. (advice).

(Do) forgive me. (apologizing).

Excuse me. (apologizing, starting to speak to a stranger).

Please do. (giving permission).

Look here. (attention-getting).

Tell me another. (disbelief).

Look out! / Watch out! (warning).

Take care (saying farewell).

Check out! (focusing).

Imperative Mood in instructions and regulations.

Exercise 17. Read:

1. General Lab Safety Rules and say if you always follow them.

1. Work in the lab when the teacher is present.

2. Walk! Do not run in the lab.

3. Do not eat, drink beverages, or chew gum in the lab.

4. Never taste chemicals

5. Avoid contact with chemicals. Wear safety glasses whenever necessary.

6. Clean and dry your lab table.

7. Never rely on the shape, size or color of the bottle. Read the label.

8. Always wash hands after experiments.

9. Report any accident (spill, breakage, etc.) or injury (cut, burn, etc.) to the instructor immediately.

10. Carefully follow all instructions.

2. the following instructions and translate them into Russian

If you see the fire

1. Stay calm, don’t panic.

2. Shut the door to the room with a fire.

3. Tell other people about fire as soon as possible.

4. Leave the building immediately.

5. Do not run. Walk quickly but calmly.

6. Do not use lifts in fire.

7. Move near the floor. The best air is at floor level.

8. Close all doors behind you.

Task: Make-up instructions for the students working in physics laboratory.

Part II

SPEECH PATTERNS

TALKING ABOUT THE TEMPERATURE AND THE WEATHER.

1. Read the following short dialogues.

1. – What is the temperature today?

– It is fifteen degrees above zero Celsius (Centigrade).

2. – What was the temperature yesterday?

– It was ten degrees above zero Celsius (Centigrade).

3. – What was the average temperature last winter?

– It was twenty degrees below zero Celsius (Centigrade).

above zero – выше нуля; below zero – ниже нуля; average – средний.

2. Show your surprise at what you hear about the temperature using the words “Indeed?” or “Really?”

Do the exercise in pairs each time exchanging the roles.

Model:

T. The temperature was very low in May. St. Indeed? (Really?) T. It was.

1. The last summer was very hot.

2. The temperature 100⁰F is about + 38⁰ C.

3. The temperature is very low for the season.

4. The temperature today is only + 5⁰C.

5. Last summer the temperature in our city reached + 30⁰C.

6. In the North Pole (Северный полюс) the temperature reaches -50⁰C.

3. Read the dialogues in pairs:

I

A: Fairly mild for the time of year.

B: Yes. Quite different from the forecast.

A: They say we’re in for snow.

B: Let’s hope it keeps fine for the week-end.

II

A: Nice and bright this morning!

B. Much better than yesterday.

A: The wind’ll probably get up later.

B. As long as it doesn’t rain.

fairly – довольно; we are in for snow – ожидается снег; much better – много лучше; as long as – пока что.

1. Respond to the statements with the phrase “Yes, quite different from the forecast”:

1. Fairly mild (hot, nice) for the time of year.

2. Fairly warm (fine, bright) for the season.

3. Rather rainy (foggy, wet) for the time of year.

4. Rather cold (cool, windy) for the season.

5. Nice and bright (sunny and dry; fine and still) this morning.

6. Windy and cold (foggy and cool; wet and cloudy) this afternoon.

1. Respond to the statement with the phrase “Much better (worse) than yesterday”.

1. The weather so fine today!

2. What a wonderful day!

3. Rainy and windy this morning.

4. It’s cold, isn’t it?

5. Foggy and cool this afternoon.

6. Say as many phrase about the weather as possible using the following phrase as a response: Let’s hope it keeps fine for the week-end.