Vocabulary

deal to make a deal a dealer value to be of value invoice bill cheque account

receipt lucrative business to be worth to be for sale to bargain to knock prices in the end at the end

Ex.3. Translate into Russian the following sentences from the text. Pay special attention to the translation of the underlined parts of the sentences.

1. By trade a dealer in antique furniture, with a shop in the King’s Road, Chelsea, Boggis had achieved a considerable reputation by producing unusual items with astonishing regularity. 2. They bargained for half an hour, and in the end, Boggis got the chairs for less than a twentieth of their value. 3. But country folk are a suspicious lot. 4. “And what exactly might you be wanting?” Rummins asked. 5. A dirty-looking old chair in the kitchen that turned out to be worth four hundred pounds! 6. Boggis staggered to the nearest chair and collapsed into it, breathing heavily. 7. “It’s exactly what I thought, a Victorian reproduction. This is simply the invoice that the seller gave to his client.” 8. It was beautiful – a warm little patch of mahogany glowing like a topaz, rich and dark with the true colour of its two hundred years. 9. “Make it thirty-five”, Rummins said. “I’ll take it”, Rummins snapped. 10. So why don’t we give him his firewood now and be done with it”, Claud said patiently.

Ex.4. Translate into English the following sentences from the text. Pay special attention to the translation of the underlined parts of the sentences.

1. В Лондоне два подобных стула наверняка стоятпо крайней мере тысячу фунтов. 2. Боггис заполучил стульяв 20 раз дешевле, чем они реально стоят. 3. Ничегоценного/ стоящего в доме не было. 4. Оказалось, что стульястоят400 фунтов. 5. Этогоне стоитделать. / Данный трудне стоиттого. 6. Счекомего цена можетподскочитьещё выше. 7. Это старинная вещь. Еёцена в два раза выше. 8. Вы не можете сейчаспойти на попятную.9. Он торговался уже час, пытаясь сбить цену.

Ex.5. A. Match the words to their definitions.

1. Bill a) an arrangement in which a bank looks after your

money.

2. Invoice b) a written statement showing how much money you

owe someone for goods or services you have received.

3. Receipt c) a piece of printed paper that you can use instead of

money to pay for things.

4. Account d) a document giving details of goods or services

that someone bought and must pay for.

5. Cheque e) a document you get from someone showing that

you have given them money of goods.

B. Fill in the right word: invoice, bill, cheque, account, receipt

1. The firm says it cannot find the cash to meet its phone ……………. .

2. We submit our …………… on a monthly basis.

3. There was only £50 in his bank ……………. .

4. How do I open ……………… with your bank?

5. Their grocery ……………… is around £50 per week.

6. This bonnet costs $ 30. - Can I pay by ……………?

7. He always paid by credit card and kept the ……………. .

C. Translate the sentences into English.

1. У меня открыт счёт в Макс & Спенсоре. 2. У Вас есть электронный счёт? 3. Я оплачу счёт / покрою долг утром. 4. Я всегда оплачиваю счета вовремя. 5. Счёт, пожалуйста. 6. Вы принимаете чеки? 7. Я бы хотел получить чек на каждый купленный товар.

Ex.6. Choose the correct word. Translate the sentences into Russian.

to arrange to survey

1. I’m trying ……………… a meeting with their sales director. 2. We’re flying out on the 18th – it’s all …………………... 3. Please ………………….. for a cab to pick me up at six. 4. They ………………….. to go swimming the following day. 5. 19% of those …………………… say they haven’t decided who they will vote for. 6. It was …………………….. that he’d meet us at 9.00. 7. The bank can ……………….. travel insurance for you. 8. Who is …………………… the wedding? 9. A helicopter food drop ……………………….. by the Red Cross. 10. Here is the list ………………….chronologically. 11. We’ll need …………………… the chairs around the table. 12. He sat quietly, ………………… the scene around him.

Grammar

Ex. 7. Study the following uses of the word “would”. Match situations 1-12 with the sentences a – f.

1) making request 2) making offers/invitations 3) making suggestions 4) accepting an offer 5) accepting a suggestion 6) rejection a suggestion 7) expressing a preference 8) describing repeated actions in the past 9) describing typical behaviour or characteristic habit talking about the past 10) expressing that smb or smth refused to do smth in the past 11) reported speech 12) subjunctive mood

a) The chairman informed us that we would have to postpone the meeting. b) Would you hold the door open for me? c) How would she be managing, if she were running a large company? d) If he knew the facts, he would tell us what to do. e) As he grew old, he would often talk about his war experiences. f) In the old days we would make three copies of all documents for the file. g) I would be grateful if you could arrange my trip. h) Would you mind repeating this? i) Would you like me to give you a lift? j) Actually, I think I would rather do it myself. k) I wouldn’t say that’s a good idea. l) Thanks, I would really appreciate that. m) I didn’t manage to do the work . The machine wouldn’t work yesterday. n) I wish you wouldn’t slam the door when you come in.

Ex.8. Translate these sentences from the text. What is the meaning of the verb “would” in these sentences?

1. They weren’t for sale, she said, but just out of curiosity, how much would he give?

2. Perhaps it would be best if he didn’t let them know he was a dealer.

3. Boggis looked at the commode, frowned, and shrugged his shoulders. “I think ten pounds would be fair.”

4. When the woman of the house returned, Boggis asked if she would like to sell her chairs.

5. When asked where he got them, he would wink and murmur something about a little secret.

Ex.9. Complete the sentences with as or like, or put as / like if both are possible.

1. While I was at university I sometimes worked ……… a waiter.

2. The negotiations are going very slowly, ……… I expected.

3. Anna’s so funny! She’s ……… a comedian.

4. We’ll send the order on terms ……… we agreed at the meeting.

5. This crisis is not ……… the last one. It’s worse.

6. In a situation ……… this, you should do exactly ……… it says in the instruction.

7. A part from the fact that he was at the moment disguised ……… a clergyman, there was nothing very sinister about him.

Discussion

Ex.10. Here is a list of unethical activities. In your opinion, which are the worst? Explain why you think so.

1. Avoiding paying tax.

2. Using work facilities for private purposes (for example, personal phone calls).

3. Accepting praise for someone else’s ideas or work.

4. Selling a defective product (for example, a second-hand car).

5. Using your influence to get jobs for relatives.

6. Ringing in sick when you are not ill.

7. Taking extended lunch breaks.

8. Giving good references to people you want to get rid of.

9. Employing people illegally.

Ex.11. The situations below are examples of ethical dilemmas relating to business. There are not always clear answers to these questions. The ethical decision about what to do is not always clear. Sometimes, a decision about ethics is no “black or white”.

In groups of five discuss the ethical questions below. A different person should lead the discussion of each issue.

1. You have a shortlist of people for the post of Sales Manager. One of the female candidates is clearly the best qualified person for the job. However, you know that some of your best customers would prefer a man. If you appoint a woman you will probably lose some sales. What should you do?

2. Your company, a large multinational, has a new advertising campaign which stresses its honesty, fairness and ethical business behaviour. It has factories in several countries where wages are very low. At present it is paying workers the local market rate. Should you increase their wages?

3. A colleague in a company which tests medical equipment has been making bad mistakes recently at work. This is because she has a serious illness. You are her friend and the only person at work who knows this. She has asked you to keep it a secret. What should you do?

4. You are directors of a potato snack manufacturing company. Research has shown that any price increase causes an immediate dip in sales (although sales recover within six months). It has been suggested that you could maximise your profits by simply reducing the weight of the product in the packets and maintaining the current price. What should you do?

5) You are working as a researcher for a perfume company. You are developing a new perfume, but you need to be sure that it will not cause adverse reaction to people’s skin. One way of testing this is to experiment on animals. Should you do this? Or should you risk harming human life? Or should you be developing a new product at all in this area, knowing that there are already numbers of brands already on the market?

Ex.12. Answer the following questions.

• Would you continue doing business with someone if you disapproved

of their private life? Explain why or why not.

• Give examples of behavior which would cause you to stop doing

business with someone.

Ex.13. Do you agree with this statement? Give your reasons.

'If we face a recession we should not lay off employees. The company should sacrifice a profit. It's management's risk and management's responsibility. Employees are not guilty; why should they suffer?'

Akio Morita (1921-1999), co-founder of Sony

Ex. 14. Pair work: set up a deal.

You are a medieval peasant. You and your family live a simple, honest life. You grow food and keep animals on a small piece of land. You are friendly with your neighbour.

The task. Study the table (different tables for Students A and B). The second column in the table shows items that you have now, and the third column shows what you need (in total, not in addition). Note that there are some items where you have more than you need, but other items that you will have to get from your neighbour. You are going to negotiate and exchange items. You may not get a good deal for them. Decide what your priorities are.

Prepare your ideas, then meet your neighbour. There are no rules for how much anything is worth – it is up to you to get the best deal you can through discussion and negotiation. Before you begin negotiating, talk a little about the weather, life in the village, the quality of your product, etc.

Student A.

Items	You have now	You need	You have after the negotiation
Potatoes	40 kg	10 kf
Cabbages	20 kg	50 kg
Beans	None	20 kg
Chickens	30	15
Pigs	None	2
Cows	8	6
Milk	20 litrres	20 litres
Eggs	40	25
Wine	40 bottles	70 bottles
Firewood	20 bundles	40 bundles

Note: Your cows won a prize, so insist on a very good deal for them.

Student B.

Items	You have now	You need	You have after the negotiation
Potatoes	10 kg	20 kg
Cabbages	40 kg	40 kg
Beans	30 kg	10 kg
Chickens	10	15
Pigs	6	2
Cows	1	4
Milk	None	20 litres
Eggs	None	30
Wine	80 bottles	70 bottles
Firewood	60 bundles	50 bundles

Note: Your pigs won a prize, so insist on a very good deal for them.

Writing

Ex.16. Read this short text and comment on the following views on business ethics: consider their merits and weaknesses, give your opinion, make a conclusion with a strong summary.

There are four views on business ethics.

The first view is often expressed in the maxim (принцип): “business is business”. Those who hold this view contend that a firm’s aims are purely commercial (the maximization of profits), rather than ethical. The responsibility rests with the customer to inspect the offered goods and services. Business is like war – in a state of war killing and destruction are often deemed (считать) to be morally acceptable.

Other would content that legislation provides a baseline, below which business should not stoop (опускаться). It means that a firm should only fulfill its legal obligations.

The third possible position is that business people should act in accordance with conventional standards of morality, in accordance with the standards accepted by the public. The importance of acting ethically has no other reason than it is wrong not to do so.

Finally, there is a view that people in the business world should maintain the same standards of ethical behaviour in business as they would in their private lives. We can understand it as that if our next door neighbours would not expect us to dispose of our rubbish on to their gardens, so we have a right to expect business companies not to pollute the environment with discharged waste, smoke or noise.

So business ethics seems to raise more questions than it answers. What rules guide business? What are the minimal duties of business professionals? Should an international code of business ethics be adopted? If so, what should such a code contain?

Making an effective presentation

An effective presentation should have a short but strong conclusion. The way you end your speech is very important to effective presentation. Here you can find some ideas how to make an effective conclusion.

1. Signal that you are coming to the end.

2. Summarise the main points.

3. Explain details again.

4. Add something new.

5. Ask for questions.

6. Make a strong final statement.

7. Thank the audience for listening.

Ex. 17. Work in groups of two or three. Prepare a five-minute presentation on the following questions: Should an international code of business ethics be adopted? If so, what should such a code contain? Name the minimal duties of business professionals? Pay special attention to the conclusion of the presentation. Practise your presentation, then make your presentation to the other groups.

The phrases below can be useful for organizing the conclusion of your presentation.

1) Well, I think that’s all I have to say.

2. Well that was my final point. So I’ll just give you a brief summary.

3. So to sum up ……

4. My conclusion is ……

5. I’ll just explain again……

6. Do you have any questions?

7. Thank you for your attention.

8. Thank you for listening.

1 as - в качестве (человек реально является кем-то) e.g. As his brother, I have to know it. - Как его брат, я должен это знать. like - подобно (употребляется для сравнения) e.g. Like his brother, you sleep late. - Как его брат, вы поздно спите. She works as а model. - Она работает манекенщицей. She dresses like а model. - Она одевается как манекенщица.

В употреблении слов as и like есть еще одно различие - as ставится перед целой фразой, в которой где присутствует глагол, like - перед существительным или местоимением: Do as I said. - Делай, как я сказал. Do it like me. - Делай, как я.

2 Presentation – a formal talk in which you describe or explain something to a group of people

3 Note: We use to Infinitive to talk about a person’s purpose.

In formal style, we use in order to, so as to.

In negative sentences, we use in order not to, so as not to.

In alternative sentences, we use not to.

4 Report – a summary that gives information about a particular subject, situation, or event.

5 Ethics - a set of principles that people use to decide what is right and what is wrong.

Morals – principles of right or wrong behaviour that are generally accepted by a society.