Контрольное задание №4 Вариант 4.

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Найдите в них неличные формы глагола (инфинитив, причастие или герундий) Определите их функции в предложении. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Combining different sets of impulses, Morse invented a code for the whole alphabet.

2. There are Markoff processes to be widely involved in the theory of communication.

3. Sometimes we speak of applying a still broader definition of communication including the influence of one mechanism upon another mechanism.

4. Some of the measures taken illustrate this need.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. Information is known to be a measure of one’s freedom of choice in selecting a message.

2. One may expect this prediction to be quite reliable.

3. The rough nature of an ergodic process is considered to be easily understood.

4. We suppose the word “communication” to be used in a very broad sense.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов.

1. A simple component having failed, the whole cable system fails.

2. The conductor having the form of a coil, the inductance increases.

3. Scaled – down separated parts, such as resistors, diodes, etc, are used to assemble electronic circuits.

4. Being small in size, consuming less power, transistors were quickly substituted for valves.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод придаточных предложений условного наклонения.

1. Had the discrete system less advantages it would not be so popular.

2. Were it necessary, the device could work at another frequency.

3. Were the speakers identical units the customers would get the optimum reproduction.

4. Had a deck more than one specification for response, depending on the use of different kinds of tape, the test of tape recorder would be run more than once.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст со словарём на русский язык.

CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATION

All cellular radio systems exhibit several fundamental characteristics.

1. The geographic area served by a cellular radio system is broken up into smaller geographic areas, or cells. Uniform hexagons most frequently are employed to represent these cells on maps and diagrams; in practice, though, radio waves do not confine themselves to hexagonal areas, so that the actual cells have irregular shapes.

2. All communication with a mobile or portable instrument within a given cell is made to the base station that serves the cell.

3. Because of the low transmitting power of battery-operated portable instruments, specific sending and receiving frequencies assigned to a cell may he reused in other cells within the larger geographic area. Thus, the spectral efficiency of a cellular system (that is, the uses to which it can put its portion of the radio spectrum) is increased by a factor equal to the number of times a frequency may be reused within its service area.

4. As a mobile instrument proceeds from one cell to another during the course of a call, a central controller automatically reroutes the call from the old cell to the new cell without a noticeable interruption in the signal reception. This process is known as handoff. The central controller, or mobile telephone switching office, thus acts as an intelligent central office switch that keeps track of the movement of the mobile subscriber.

5. As demand for the radio channels within a given cell increases beyond the capacity of that cell (as measured by the number of calls that may be supported simultaneously), the overloaded cell is “split” into smaller cells, each with its own base station and central controller. The radio-frequency allocations of the original cellular system are then rearranged to account for the greater number of smaller cells.

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