The Building of a New City

1.The building of a new city is a very complex undertaking. It is a job involving scores of state institutions and a host of specialists - architects, economists, engineers, geographers, sociologists, hygienists, demographers, and many others. Their first concern is the siting of the new town. They take into account the distance from the source of raw materials, the available transport facilities and ties with other inhabited localities. But that is far from all. The experts must appraise the climate, the microclimate, the vegetation, the soil and subsoil and the terrain. Special methods have been evolved for assessing sites with regard to microclimate and civil engineering requirements.

2.The first-comers to the selected site are the geodesists. They have to survey the site and produce a detailed topographical plan. This will show the designers the nature of the terrain and the existence of bodies of water and areas covered with vegetation. When the topographical plan is completed it is the turn of the architects to decide where to deploy the industrial enterprises, where best develop housing, and which patches should be preserved for recreation zones.

3. A modern city is a complex organism. To ensure the necessary interrelations between its different elements, the city is divided into sections, each with its own purpose, such as the production zone, the housing areas, the communal centre and the recreation zone. The architects call this the functional zoning of urban territory.

4.But, however well organized any separate part of the city may be, it won’t function properly if all the sections lack interconnecting links. The main thing is that the production areas must be so deployed in relation to the housing projects that people spend the minimum time traveling to and from work.

Пояснения к тексту

1.siting – местоположение, размещение

2.with regard to - относительно, в отношении

3.bodies of water - водоемы

4.functional zoning – функциональное зонирование

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6. Прочитайте 2 абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Перепишите вопрос и укажите правильный вариант ответа.

Who comes first to the site after it has been selected?

1. A host of specialists.

2. Architects.

3. Geodesists.

Контрольное задание №3

Грамматика: 1) грамматические функции и значение слов one, that, it

2)пассивный залог времен Simple (Indefinite), Continuous, Perfect .3) функции глаголов to be, to have, to do; 4) простые формы инфинитива; инфинитив в функции подлежащего, составной части сказуемого, определения, обстоятельства цели; 5) бессоюзное подчинение определительных и дополнительных придаточных предложений.

Вариант 1

1.Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (Образец №4)

1.The experiment has been carried out successfully, and the results will soon be published. 2.As far as I know the experiment is being carried out. 3. This experiment is much spoken about. 4.This experiment was followed by another one.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1.One has to keep to the left when driving in Great Britain. 2.He said that that “that” that is before the noun is a pronoun.3.It is precast concrete construction that cut the time needed to put up a house.

3.Перепишите предложения, переведите их, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1.He didn’t do anything to help him with his work. 2.They have been in construction for many years. 3.The experiment is to be carried out in December.

4.Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на отсутствие союзов в придаточных предложениях.

1.The part the stability of the building depends on is the framework. 2.He said he had already translated the text

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5.Перепишите предложения и переведите, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1.If the beam is too long its weight makes it bend and even break. 2.The first step to take is to cut working hours. 3.To improve your English you should go to an English speaking country and practise as much as possible. 4. To know English well means to be able to communicate with the English people.

6.Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст. Переведите письменно 1,2,3,4,5 абзацы.