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English for Economist and managers

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50

WRITING

Перед вами фразы, которые часто употребляются в различных документах. Совместите фразы, представленные в левой колонке, с вопросами справа.

First name

Are you married or single?

Surname

What do you do in your free time?

Date of birth

What‘s your phone number?

Place of birth

What‘s your first name?

Address

What do you do?

Marital Status

Where were you born?

Occupation

What‘s your family name?

Qualifications

What degrees, diplomas, certificates do

Hobbies/ Interests

you have?

Tel.no.

Where do you live?

 

 

UNIT 3

READING

Text 7

The Banking business

The basis of the banking business is borrowing from individuals, firms, and occasionally governments. With these resources and also with the bank own capital, the banker makes loans or extends credit and also invests in securities. The banker makes profit by borrowing at one rate of interest and lending at a higher rate and by charging commissions for services rendered.

The bank must always have cash on hand in order to pay its depositors upon demand. It must also keep a proportion of its assets in forms that can readily be converted into cash. Only in this way can confidence in the banking system be maintained.

The principal types of banking in the modern world are commercial banking and central banking. A commercial banker is a dealer in money and in substitutes for money such as checks or bills of exchange. The banker also provides a variety of financial services.

51

Another type of banking is carried on by central banks, bankers to governments and "lenders of last resort" to commercial banks and other financial institution. They are often responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy, usually in cooperation with the government.

Some institutions such as finance companies, saving banks, investment banks, trust companies are often called banks. Nevertheless, they do not perform the banking functions described above and are the best classified as financial intermediaries.

Their economic function is that of channeling savings from private individuals into the hands of those who will use them. This may be done in the form of loans for business purposes or for the purchase of capital assets. These financial intermediaries can not, however, create money as the commercial banks do, they can lend no more than clients place with them.

Do you know these words?

 

own

собственный

to make а loan

предоставлять кредит, ссуду

securities

ценные бумаги

rate of interest

ставка процента, ссудный процент

to lend

давать взаймы

to chargе commissions

начислять комиссионные

cash

наличные

depositor

вкладчик

to keep

иметь (для продажи)

confidence

доверие

substitute

замена, заменитель

bills of exchange

вексель, тратта

lender of last resort

кредитор последней инстанции

to be responsible for

быть ответственным за

to implement

осуществлять

monetary policy

денежно-кредитная политика

nevertheless

тем не менее

intermediary

посредник

to channel savings

направлять сбережения

to create money

создавать платежные средства

 

 

52

1.

Find English equivalents for the following Russian expressions:

1.

основа банковского дела

6. осуществлять банковские функции

2.

инвестировать в ценные бумаги

7. финансовые посредники

3.

обладать наличными

8. сбережения частных лиц

4.

разнообразные финансовые услуги

9. покупка основного капитала

5.

в сотрудничестве с правительством

10. коммерческие (деловые) цели

2.

Translate these noun combinations:

 

1. bank capital

6. finance companies

2. rate of interest

7. investment banks

3. a proportion of assets

8. private individuals

4. types of banking

9. forms of loans

5. a dealer in money

10. trust companies

3. Say if the statements are true or false.

1.The basis of the banking business is borrowing from banks.

2.The banker makes loans or extends credit.

3.The bank must not have cash on hand.

4.There are two principal types of banking in the modern world.

5.A commercial banker is a dealer in checks or bills of exchange.

4. Complete the sentences:

1.The banker makes profit by …

2.The bank must keep a proportion of …

3.The banker also provides …

4.Another type of banking is …

5.Central banks are often responsible for …

6.Financial intermediaries do not perform …

7.They can lend no more than …

5. Put 10 questions to the text and answer them in written form.

Read and translate the text. Learn the unknown words.

53

GRAMMAR

Формы глагола в Present Continuous

Число

Утвердительная

Вопросительная

Oтрицательная

 

форма

форма

форма

 

 

 

 

 

I am asking.

Am I asking?

I am not asking.

ед.

Не (she, it) is asking.

Is he (she, it) asking?

Не (she, it) is not asking.

 

 

 

 

мн.

We (you, they)

Are we (you, they)

We (you, they)

 

are asking.

asking?

are not asking.

 

 

 

 

Present Continuous употребляется для выражения действия, длящегося в настоящий момент (now, at the moment).

С глаголами, которые обозначают не действие, а состояние (to feel, to be, to live, to stay, to hear, to see, to know, to remember, to think, to want, to like, to love)

Present Continuous обычно не употребляется.

 

ТЕСТ 6

 

1. Choose the correct verb form

 

1)

He can't see you now. He____________ someone.

 

a) phones

b) is phoning

2)

I_____________hard for my exams now.

 

 

a) am working

b) work

3)

Don't forget to take your umbrella. It________ outside.

 

a) rains

b) is raining

4)

I___________ for business trip tomorrow.

 

 

a) leave

b) am leaving

5)

The pupil said at the lesson that water_______ at 1000 degrees Centigrade and got

a bad mark.

 

 

a) boils

b) is boiling

6)

I_________ to you attentively.

 

 

a) listen

b) am listening

7)

Look! The water __________. Let's make tea. I'm terribly thirsty!

 

a) boils

b) is boiling

 

54

 

8)

Mr. Brieger and his son ____________business together.

 

a) run

b) are running

9)

I_________ French. But I've just started to learn it.

 

a) don't speak

b) am not speaking

10) The plane___________in half an hour.

 

 

a) arrives

b) is arriving

2 . Choose the correct verb form.

1)

He___________ for the travel agency "Holidays".

 

a) works

b) is working

2)

Look! Someone_____________ to open your car.

 

a) tries

b) is trying

3)

He__________ a lot about show business.

 

 

a) knows

b) is knowing

4)

I_________ of starting my own business.

 

 

a) think

b) am thinking

5)

We____________ for Spain in a few days.

 

 

a) leave

b) are leaving

6)

What time_______ Nick and Rosa________ for dinner tonight?

 

a) do ... come

b) are ... coming

7)

I_________ coffee at all.

 

 

a) don't drink

b) am not drinking

8)

The children___________ quite well now. They don't quarrel any more.

 

a) get on

b) are getting on

9)

I'm sure you___________ the right choice.

 

 

a) make

b) are making

10) Such a curious child! She______________ all sorts of questions.

 

a) constantly asks

b) is constantly asking

11) I______you are not right. His new book is much better than his previous one. a) think b) am thinking

 

55

 

3. Choose the correct verb form

 

1)

The sun ______ from East to West.

 

 

a) goes

b) is going

2)

He_____________ his own shop.

 

 

a) runs

b) running

3)

Our company___________ a great risk at the moment.

 

a) runs

b) is running

4)

The film____________ at 7. Let's hurry.

 

 

a) begins

b) is beginning

5)

It's eight o'clock. Kate,_______ you________ ready for school?

 

a) do ... get

b) are ... getting

6)

"Where‘s Tom?' - "He_____________ the dog out for a walk."

 

a) takes

b) is taking

7)

I__________ music lessons twice a week.

 

 

a) have

b) am having

8) Why_________ you___________?

 

 

a) do ... laugh

b) are ... laughing

9)

What________ you________ after school tomorrow?

 

a) do... do

b) are ... doing

10) I_________ French at Language School.

 

 

a) learn

b) am learning

4 . Choose the correct verb form

1)

What_________ you_________ next weekend?

 

 

a) do ... do

b) are ... doing

2)_________it often________ here in winter?

 

 

a) Does ... snow

b) Is ... snowing

3)_________you_________ to make sandwiches?

 

 

a) Do ... go

b) Are ... going

4)

It________ long to get to work.

 

 

a) doesn't take

b) isn't taking

 

 

56

5)_________your mother_________ listening to classical music?

 

a) Does .... enjoy

b) Is ... enjoying

6)

They_________ lunch now.

 

 

a) have

b) are having

7)

'Where are Jill and Tom?' - 'They_______ Dad to plant flowers in the garden.

 

a) help

b) are helping

8)

'Where's Cathy? I can't see her.' - 'She__________ on a hat over there'.

 

a) tries

b) is trying

9)

He_________ on the phone. Don't disturb him. It's a very important call.

 

a) speaks

b) is speaking

5 . Choose the correct verb form.

1)

It_______ heavily. Let's wait a little bit.

 

 

a) rains

b) is raining

2)

Who______ she______ with? I don't know that boy.

 

a) does ... dance

b) is ... dancing

3)

She_______ a nice dress today.

 

 

a) wears

b) is wearing

4)

The plane_____ at 2 p.m.

 

 

a) takes off

b) is taking off at 2 p.m.

5)

Look! She_________ for someone.

 

 

a) waits

b) is waiting

6)

He often________ on business to Germany.

 

 

a) goes

b) is going

7)

She usually______________ bright clothes.

 

 

a) wears

b) is wearing

8)

He___________ annoying questions!

 

 

a) constantly asks

b) is constantly asking

9)

Our firm_______ office equipment.

 

 

a) produces

b) is producing

10) I_________ a birthday party next Saturday. Would you like to come? a) have b) am having

 

57

 

6. Choose the correct verb form.

 

1)

Tomorrow I________ a representative of a German engineering firm.

 

a) meet

b) am meeting

2)

The exhibition________ at 11 a.m. as usual.

 

 

a) opens

b) is opening

3)

They________ tomorrow at 7.

 

 

a) arrive

b) are arriving

4)

I__________ you.

 

 

a) don't understand

b) am not understanding

5)

I________ to the disco tomorrow night. What about you?

 

a) go

b) am going

6)

Excuse me, but I____________ you. It can't be true.

 

a) don't believe

b) am not believing

7)_________this bus_________ down town?

 

 

a) Does ... go

b) Is ... going

8)

___________it____________ like rain?

 

 

a) Does ... look

b) Is ... looking

9)__________you________ him tomorrow? Tell him I'm waiting for his call.

 

a) Do ... see

b) Are ... seeing

10) We_____________ for coffee tonight.

 

 

a) meet

b) are meeting

7. Choose the correct verb form.

 

1)

Where______you_____ from?

 

 

a) do ... come

b) are ... coming

2)

I_______ the concert very much. And you?

 

 

a) enjoy

b) am enjoying

3)

I_________ the weather will be fine tomorrow.

 

 

a) think

b) am thinking

4)

I_________ the problem. I'll try to help you.

 

 

a) see

b) am seeing

5)

Do you know when they___________ on a trip?

 

a) go

b) are going

 

58

 

6)____________you_________ with me?

 

 

a) Don't... agree

b) Aren't... agreeing

7)____you_____ how to settle the matter?

 

 

a) Do ... know

b) Are ... knowing

8)

No, Liz isn't in. She______________ the dog out.

 

a) takes

b) is taking

9)

What______ you________ to tell me?

 

 

a) do ... want

b) are ... wanting

10) I _________ this music! Let's go home.

 

 

a) hate

b) am hating

8. Choose the correct verb form.

 

1)

Your words___________ encouraging.

 

 

a) sound

b) are sounding

2)

At present she____________ marketing. She's going to look for a job of a

marketing manager.

 

 

a) studies

b) is studying

3)

I don't like him. He___________ horrible stories.

 

a) always tells

b) is always telling

4)

We__________ a new product at the moment.

 

 

a) launch

b) are launching

5)_______she often________ tennis?

 

 

a) Does ... play

b) Is ... playing

6)

I_________ where to go for a holiday yet.

 

 

a) don't know

b) am not knowing

7)

What a naughty boy! He___________ with somebody.

 

a) always fights

b) is always fighting

8)

I__________ hard for my exams now.

 

 

a) work

b) am working

9)

My sister _________in fashion design.

 

 

a) specializes

b) is specializing

10) At present they_______________ at a new project.

 

a) work

b) are working

 

 

 

 

 

 

59

 

 

 

9. Choose the correct verb form.

 

 

 

 

1)

What_________ you____________ by saying this?

 

 

 

 

 

a) do ... mean

b) are ... meaning

2)

I____________what he is talking about.

 

 

 

 

 

a) don't understand

b) am not understanding

3)

I__________ the dentist at 4 p.m. I've arranged it already.

 

 

 

a) see

 

b) am seeing

4)

My uncle is a jockey. He______ horses.

 

 

 

 

 

a) rides

 

b) is riding

5)

Look! The fire brigade______ at a terrible speed. There must be a fire somewhere.

 

 

 

a) rush

 

b) is rushing

6)

I_______ my dog out for long walks in the park on Sunday.

 

 

 

a) always take

 

b) am always taking

7)

I________cakes. Only on special occasions.

 

 

 

 

 

a) rarely bake

b) am rarely baking

8)

My Granny_______ delicious tarts.

 

 

 

 

 

a) makes

 

b) is making

9)

We__________ your proposition. We'll give you an answer in a few I days.

 

 

 

a) think over

b) are thinking over

10) In summer I _______ a bike.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a) often ride

b) am often riding

11) When________ Sue? I want you to give her this photo.

 

 

 

a) do you see

b) are you seeing

 

 

 

Формы глагола в Past Continuous

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Числ

 

Утвердительная

 

Вопросительная форма

 

Oтpицательная форма

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I (he, she, it)

 

Was I (he, she, it)

 

I (he, she, it)

 

ед.

 

was asking.

 

 

asking?

 

was not asking.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

мн.

 

We (you, they)

 

Were we (you, they)

 

We (уоu, they)

 

 

were asking.

 

 

asking?

 

were not asking.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Past

Continuous обычно употребляется для

выражения конкретного

действия, длившегося в точно указанный момент или период в прошлом.