yastrebova_Part_1

Английский язык для международников и регионоведов. Часть I

After dinner at the host family.

A:Thank you. The dinner was delicious. I think I’ll turn in (go to bed) early ________.

B:________________________.

3. FOR STUDENT B. READING.

Text 2. Uncle Sam

Perhaps you've seen him in parades or at a fourth of July picnic. He sometimes appears at patriotic gatherings dressed in a long blue coat, a vest, and red and white striped trousers. He normally wears a beard and a tall striped and starred hat, and he appears to be dressed to look like the American flag. Who is he? He is “Uncle Sam”, a cartoon symbol for the United States of America.

There is much debate about who Uncle Sam was and how the symbol came to be. The first mention of him was in a Troy, New York, newspaper article that appeared on September 7, 1813. It seems that a certain meat-processing plant owner

named Sam Wilson began stamping the meat sold to the United States Army during the War of 1812 with the letters “U.S.” The meatpackers at his plant called Sam Wilson “Uncle Sam”, and the story was that the initials “U.S.” really stood for “Uncle Sam” Wilson rather than “United States”. The nickname stuck, and from then on everything belonging to the United States government began to be called “Uncle Sam’s”. Soon, cartoonists latched on to this idea, and they began drawing varieties of Uncle Sam in political cartoons. The most famous depictions of Uncle Sam were on World War I and World War II military recruiting posters. Today, no patriotic gathering would be complete without an appearance by someone dressed as Uncle Sam.

* see Uncle Sam in colour in Supplement

UNIT 2

I. FOR STUDENT B.

SPEAKING 1

Pairwork. Find out more about English-speaking countries.

Student B answers Student A's questions using a card with a fact fi le if necessary. Card 1. Fact File (The USA and Canada)

1.Natives Americans are Indians and their descendants.

2.Canada is a Native American word for “a settlement”.

3.The Dutch founded the city as New Amsterdam.

4.WASP stands for white Anglo-Saxon protestant.

5.The first American flag had 13 stripes and 13 stars for 13 original British colonies. (Now it has 13 stripes and 50 stars).

6.Canada is / remains a member of the Commonwealth though it has been independent since 1931.

7.Alaska is the state of the USA closest to Siberia.

8.The second language in California is Spanish.

9.The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France to the USA to commemorate the 100th birthday of the American Republic in 1876.

Appendix

Английский язык для международников и регионоведов. Часть I

established. In 1632, a Cossack leader, Pyotr Beketov, founded 8) ______ (what) on the Lena River, which is now Yakutsk, one of the coldest cities on earth. When the Russians reached the Pacific Ocean in 1649 they established Okhotsk, the first Russian settlement in 9) ______

(where).

In 1648, the famous explorer Semen Dezhnev sailed around the far northeastern tip of the continent and proved that Asia was separate from North America. At that time he didn’t know 10) _______ (what).

II. READING 1

The United United States

The first beginnings of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus’s first voyage. The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England, calling it Virginia. In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island (about the middle of the east coast of the present United States), but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition led by Drake, in 1587. A second group who landed in 1587 had all vanished when a further expedition arrived in 1590. The mystery of what happened to them has never been solved.

The first enduring settlement in North America was in 1607. It was then that the northern area was given the name New England.

Modern Americans are inclined to look back especially to the Pilgrim Fathers who sailed in the Mayflower in 1620, for a symbol of the origins of their new country. The Pilgrim Fathers had intended to go to Virginia, but when their ship reached Cape Cod, much further north, in New England, after a very hard voyage, they decided to stay in that port. They founded a town, which they named Plymouth (not far from modern Boston). The Pilgrim Fathers suffered terrible hardships at first, and half of them died during their first winter months, but those who survived for the first year managed to live on fish and reap a harvest from the land in the summer, with the help of friendly Indians.

In the eighteenth century the settlements along the east coast were organised as thirteen colonies They became independent in 1783 as a result of the Revolution, which was not really a revolution as far as Americans were concerned, (it is also known as the War of Independence). At that time the infant United States consisted of a long string of farming communities (about 4 million people) along the east coast. Its western frontier was steadily advancing into the continent.

The settlers who left the East Coast became pioneers. They pushed westwards along the rivers and then through the mountain passes. The American Frontier (an imaginary line) divided areas with more than two people per square mile from those with fewer. At one time it was on the other side of the Appalachian Mountains. Then it was found in the areas that are today known as the Midwest. Soon it was across the Mississippi. By 1853 the U.S. had acquired the entire

Appendix

Appendix

Английский язык для международников и регионоведов. Часть I

western part of the country, by purchase, conquest and treaty. Louisiana was sold by France in 1803, while Florida was ceded by Spain in 1819, other Mexican states joining the Union between 1821 and 1853. Of the two detached states Alaska was purchased from Russia in 1867, while the Hawaiian islands were annexed in 1898.

As more and more people entered the western territories new states were created. In 1890 the frontier was finally and officially declared “closed”. In other words, all areas now had an average of more than two people per square mile.

An unfavourable part of the story is the relation of the settlers with the Indians. The people who crossed from Europe after 1600 landed on a continent already inhabited by hundreds of tribes of American Indians. The successive generations of settlers as they moved westwards had to solve the problem of their relations with the Indians.

The solution took various forms, including war, agreements and deceit. The total effect of the contacts produced one main solution: the country became the country of European invaders. Some Indians live in Indian reservations, mostly in rather primitive conditions, other Indians have become assimilated into the ordinary American community.

The unity of the country was threatened only once when eleven Southern states left the Union over the slavery issue and formed Confederacy in 1860. The Civil War that followed lasted over four years and ended in victory for the North. The Southern states later rejoined the Union.

Today the United States of America comprises fifty states with the population of over 270 million people.

UNIT 3

I. FOR STUDENT B.

SPEAKING 1.

What would you say? Fill in the gaps.

At a restaurant

Customer: ______ . The meat is rare (с кровью) and I asked for medium! (Excuse me) Waiter: ______________. I’ll change it. (I am sorry)

On the bus.

Passenger:_______. What is the next stop? (Excuse me)

Driver: Kensington Garden

Passenger: _____ ? (Pardon?)

Driver: KENSINGTON GARDEN!

At the newsagent’s.

Customer: _______ Do you have a 5-pound BT card? (Excuse me)

Newsagent: ______. We only have 10-pound ones. (Sorry)

Customer. Can you change a five-pound note?

Newsagent: ______. I don’t have any small change. (Sorry)

At the theatre. The curtain is about to rise.

A:_______. I hate to bother you. My seat is right in the middle. (Excuse me)

B:It’s alright.

A: _______. I am afraid it’s my seat. (Excuse me / I am sorry)

C: _______. I thought nobody was coming. (I’m sorry)

Английский язык для международников и регионоведов. Часть I

At the bar.

A:It’s your turn to pay for the drinks, Jiggs.

B:______. I never said I’d pay for everyone. (I’m sorry / Excuse me? I beg your pardon)

At the ticket office.

A:Good morning. I’d like a second-class ticket to Glasgow for the ten o’clock train tomorrow.

B:________. Only first class is left. You can take the ten-fifty train. (Sorry)

A:________? (Pardon / I’m sorry?)

B:There are second-class tickets for the TEN-FIFTY TRAIN.

A couple talking.

A: ________. I can’t go out tonight. (I’m sorry)

B:_________. I thought you said you were free tonight. (Pardon?)

A:I know I said it. But Mum called to say Dad was taken to hospital.

B:_________. I’ll ring you up tomorrow then. (I am sorry)

At the corner of the street.

A:_______. What’s the time? (Excuse me)

B:________. My watch is fast. It must be around 11. (Sorry)

UNIT 4

READING AND SPEAKING STUDENT B

Task 1. Find out more about Canada and its ethnic communities. Ask each other wh-questions to fi ll in information gaps in your text ( A or B). Student A begins.

Text A

In Canada if you don't speak English or French it is most likely that you speak 1) _______ . According to the statistics Chinese has become a No.3 language used in Canada and the number of people who speak Chinese is increasing.

Most of the Chinese-speaking population lives in 2) _______ ; particularly in Vancouver and Toronto. Now in Vancouver and Toronto people can live quite easily even though they only speak Chinese instead of English.

Here you can enjoy all kinds of Chinese cuisine of various styles. Some people even say that if you really want to meet a master chef you should go to Vancouver instead of China. The reality is that a great many 3) _______ are coming to Canada from China's mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong. These are called "tigers who've crossed the river".

There is about one million Chinese in Canada — about 3 per cent out of 4) _______ of the population in Canada. However, in the late1990s the Chinese language became a subject for higher examination. During 5) _______ officials ranging from the Prime Minister to provincial governors and mayors of Vancouver and Toronto all dress up in Chinese style suit, join in Lion Dances and congratulate each other on happy Lunar New Year.

Chinese culture has become more significant in Canada, partly because of the increasing importance of China in the world. Chinatowns have expanded or, even evolved into major shopping malls. What’s more, 6) _______ participate in politics and get elected, which shows a high level of their integration into Canadian society.

(based on Chinese becomes No.3 language by People's Daily Online)

Appendix

Colour supplement