Achievement test

Complete the following sentences in appropriate ways, using one word for each blank space.

1. Please _____ us a rate for the insurance against all risks, warehouse to warehouse, of a shipment of 20 (twenty) containers.

2. The Contractor agrees that it shall _____ the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates, agents, employees, directors, officers, vessels and insurers against all claims, demands and actions of any nature.

3. During the delivery of the cargo in lighters, barges and other delivering vessels Ingosstrakh bears _____ only if the use of such vessels is common according to the local conditions.

4. Lloyd’s is not an _____ company, but an international insurance market consisting of over 260 approved insurance brokers’ firms and more than 20,000 _____.

5. All insurance policies required of the Contractor under this contract shall contain endorsements that the underwriters will have no rights to sue, recover, claim and/ or _____ any loss and/ or damages of any nature for any reason against the Operator.

6. We wish to renew our _____ policy No. 34 on the same terms as before, to cover consignments of textile machinery.

7. We forward two _____ forms, duly completed, for shipments to Bombay and Melbourne _____.

8. Insurance Policy to be issued _____ the name of the Buyers _____ 70 per cent of the cif value of the goods.

9. Under insurance contracts concluded in accordance with these Rules are _____ losses arising from fortuitous accidents and _____ of the carriage.

10. Claims not payable if amounting _____ 0.5 per cent of the insured value or to 10 pounds sterling, _____ is the lesser sum.

11. We opened the cases and contacted the Lloyd’s _____ in Barcelona.

12. The Organiser agrees to _____ the Sponsor in the event of any circumstances which may arise which may result in a claim under the insurance policies and shall not settle any such claim without _____ written approval of the Sponsor.

SECTION 14. TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING. PACKING

BLOCK 1. CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO

TRANSPORTATION, SHIPPING AND PACKING

Lead-in

• What type of transport is the cheapest?

• What transport is the best to carry bulk goods? Why?

• What new traits are specific for today’s transportation?

• How important is transport as a major service to business?

Transportation, being a service to business, plays a very important role as large amounts of merchandise are transported between different countries by sea, air, rail, and road.

Road transport is comparatively cheaper, but takes much time. In recent years haulage (trucking) has greatly increased offering faster services and modern facilities. Carriage by rail is faster. This type is preferred when transporting perishable or bulk goods. Air transport is used for speed and is consistently increasing as it is undoubtedly the best method for carrying certain types of goods. Its disadvantages are numerous and obvious.

Most traditional type of transport, i.e. by sea, has many limitations, being a very complicated business. Parties to that service have to observe a lot of rules and regulations that have been piled up for years.

In recent years modern types of transport have greatly encouraged the use of containers, which provide speedy, safe, and relatively inexpensive door-to-door deliveries, and are becoming more and more popular with exporters alike.