- •Part I
- •Text. Physics and physical phenomena
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •M. V.Lomonosov
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Measurement of Volume
- •Text. The metric system
- •Dimensions of a Solid Body
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Origin of the Metric System
- •Text. The kinetic theory and the three states of matter
- •3 Not to matter — не иметь значения will make full use — займут
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Mass and weight
- •3. Much, more, the most; little, less, the least; good, bet ter,
- •4, .,. Er than, more ... Than
- •5. At, on, over .., etc.
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text, force, work, energy and power
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •1. Have supported, has altered....
- •2. Energy can be converted...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Isaac Newton
- •Text. Heat
- •1. Heat is known to be a form of energy.
- •2. You place, you placed, you have placed. They take, they took, they have taken.
- •3. Newton began to think about heat.
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Transmission of heat
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Good and Bad Conductors of Heat
- •Text. Calorimeters
- •1. It is usual to transfer ...
- •2. There is; is there; there is no ...
- •3. The setting up of ...; the reading of ...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Wave motion and sound
- •1. It does not move forward but returns again...
- •2. It is evident, it is clear.
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Light
- •1. It becomes red-hot, it is the reason, it was cold...
- •2. High temperature produced by..., in a substance called... . Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Reflection and refraction of light
- •1. Do bodies emit? Does he make? Did it represent?
- •2. Have they shown? Had he travelled? Was it reflected? Is he going? Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Lenses
- •1. After leaving the lens...
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Simple cell
- •1. The twitching of; the reading of...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Voltaic Cells
- •Text. The accumulator
- •1. A plate containing, a plate being immersed...
- •2. Achieved by connecting; determined by testing...
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Principle of electric motor
- •1. They are used to pull...
- •2. When viewed, while doing...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Electric Bell Circuit
- •Text. Moving-coil ammeter and voltmeter
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Moving-Coil Galvanometer
- •Text. Electromotive force
1. The twitching of; the reading of...
I like the reading of books aloud. The teaching of English is a very interesting occupation.
2. have prepared, have been prepared, had prepared, had been prepared....
He has made a battery. A battery has been made by him. They had finished the making of cells by the end of the day.
Exercises
1. Listen, read and translate the text.
2. Answer the following questions in a written form:
1. What did Galvani notice? 2. What did Volta conclude? 3. When had an electric current been generated in the muscle? 4. When did Volta make a great discovery? 5. How can a simple cell be made?
3. Make up and write 8 sentences using the words given in the table:
Galvani Volta The students An experiment An important work |
had noticed had made have produced had been car- ried out has been fulfilled have translated |
many experi ments a simple cell the twitching of a leg a great discovery by the students by him by them |
by the end of the experiment. when he concluded. by the end of the last century. by the end of the day. |
95
4. State the forms and functions of "-ing" forms in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
1. You have made progress in reading and speaking English. 2. He likes the reading of newspapers. 3. The making of a simple cell has taken him two hours. 4. Having lost an electron the atom becomes positively charged. 5. In testing an apparatus in which insulation is used, or in condenser circuits, the maximum voltage is applied. 6. If the force causing the electron flow is unidirectional, the current is called direct. 7. Having been rubbed many substances become electrified.
5. Make up and write 8 questions using the words given in the table:
What Who Whom When |
had have has did |
Galvani the students he |
noticed translated prepared discovered rubbed made make tell |
his friend? a simple cell? by the end of the last century? by 5 o'clock yesterday? by the end of their work? pencil marks? |
6. Copy these sentences putting "terminal", "tending", "bodies", "negative", "concluded", "resistance", "electromotive", "electricity" in the blanks:
1. Benjamin Franklin, in his experiments with static ..., noticed that there are only two kinds of electrical ..., and as a means of distinguishing these, he named the one ... and the other positive. 2. Early investigators ... that a current of electricity consisted of the movement of positive charges. 3. The practical unit of ... is the ohm. 4. In the primary, however, the induced ... force is a counter e.m.f. ... to prevent current entering the primary. 5. In the usual transformer, the ... voltages of primary and secondary differ from induced e.m.f. by only a small percentage.
7. Read and analyse the text. Translate it into Russian in a written form:
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Electromotive Force
Inside the cell a current must also flow, replenishing the electrons lost from the zinc plate as they flow away towards the copper plate round the external circuit. There must be a force causing these currents to flow — the electron current round the external circuit and the other current through the internal circuit of the cell. This force is called the electromotive force (e.m.f.) generated by the cell. Since current flows between two points due to a potential difference, this force is measured in the same units as potential difference, namely, in volts. (The unit has been named in honour of Volta.)