- •Text 1 Basic printing techniques
- •I. Read the following sentences and discuss whether they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the derivatives of the following words: treat, define, raise, cut, tailor, print, deposit, reject
- •IV. Which printing process does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of different printing techniques
- •VI. Write a short description of basic printing techniques. Text 2 Letterpress
- •Read the sentences and discuss if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the letterpress printing, using the following information.
- •V. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 3 Offset lithography
- •Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the offset printing, using the following information.
- •V. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Gravure
- •Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Which term does each definition refer to?
- •Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the gravure printing, using the following information.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 5 Other traditional printing techniques
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •V. Write about modern development of flexography printing. Text 6 Modern printing techniques
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the gravure printing, using the following information.
- •VI Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text.
- •Text 1 Originals for reproduction
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Improve, rigid, inserted, tracing, remove, minimize, reproduction, laid, retouch, cracking, reasonable,
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Compare different types of originals.
- •VI. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 2 Reproduction techniques for offset lithography
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Scanning
- •Compare line origination and halftone origination.
- •Read the following paragraphs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of other methods of origination.
- •Text 3 Proofing
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Discuss and compare different methods of proofing.
- •VI. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Electronic page planning
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cad systems.
- •VI. Write a short description of electronic page planning process. Text 5 Film assembly, imposition and platemaking
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 6 Origination for letterpress
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Compare different methods of letterpress origination
- •Write a short summary of the text.
- •1. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English
- •Text 1 Typesetting in metal
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compare different techniques of typesetting.
- •V. Write a short summary of the following text: Photocomposition
- •Text 2 Desk-top publishing
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of desk-top publishing.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Page layout software
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compare different types of software for dtp.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 5 Type measurement
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Read the following text and retell it. Typefaces
- •V. Choose two or three different types of fonts and compare them by their design.
- •Text 1 Digital Pre-Press Stage
- •Text 2 Direct Imaging
- •IV. Complete the text using the words:
- •Speed and Quality
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words:
- •Render the text in English. Text3 Fully Automatic Print Preparation
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text equivalents of the terms:
- •Simple, Safe Operation
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words:
- •VI. Write a synopsis of the text in English: Text 4 Central Remote Control of Ink and Regist
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text equivalents of the terms.
- •IV. Complete the text using the words:
- •Register Control via cpc 41
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words
- •Text 5 Coating and Drying
- •Text 6 Delivery
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text English equivalents of the terms:
- •IV. Speak on the Delivery of the sm 102, using the questions Unit 4 Paper and ink Text 1 Ink
- •Text 2 Paper
- •Text 3 The paper machine
- •Text 4 Types of paper
- •Text 5 Specifying papers
- •Text 6 Potential problems with paper
- •Unit 6 Finishing and Binding] Text 1 Finishing
- •Text 2 Paperback binding
- •Text 3 Hardback bookbinding
- •Text 4 Other methods of finishing
- •Text 5 Packing
- •Unit 7 printing units Text 1 Printing presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 2 Processing machinery
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 3 Letterpress printing machines
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 4 Offset Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 5 Printing Presses for Packaging
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 6 Equipment and Machinery for Flat-bed Screen Printing
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 8 printing units design Text 1 Sheet-fed Printing Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 2 Web-fed Printing Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 3 Printing Unit Design on Web Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 4 Printing Unit Configurations on Web Presses
- •Vertical Blanket-to-Blanket Unit
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 5 Gravure Printing in the Packaging
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 6 Gravure Cylinder Manufacture
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary
gravure printing press машина глибокого друку
package printing друкування упаковки
illustration printing друкування ілюстрацій
non-toxic нетоксичний
odorless без запаху
sealing effect ефект запаювання
metallic glaze металевий глянець
finest detail найдрібніші деталі
multiple-up багаторазове відкривання
gravure cylinder циліндр глибокого друку
” tile-like” мозаїчний
rotogravure press ротаційна машина глибокого друку
unwind unit розмотувальний пристрій
rewind unit змотувальний пристрій
simplistic equipment спрощене обладнання
packaging material пакувальний матеріал
cardboard картон
foil фольга
press design конструювання, проектування машини
flexible polyethylene foil гнучка поліетиленова фольга
to overhaule відремонтувати капітально
web tension device пристрій для натягування стрічки
measuring device вимірювальний пристрій
drawing device подаючий пристрій
web guiding element стрічко-направляючий елемент
chill roller system система охолодження валиків
non-stop unwinding device пристрій безперервного розмотування
DC drive engineering привід постійного струму
drying system сушильна секція
register control systems система контролювання приводки
varnishing лакування
cold sealing холодне припечатування (приклеювання)
finishing unit брошурувальна секція
modular design модульне проектування
Text 6 Gravure Cylinder Manufacture
With the exception of sheet-fed gravure printing which is now found only rarely, web-fed gravure printing requires a gapless gravure cylinder, onto which the image is applied directly, by means of etching or engraving. For this, the cylinder must be prepared in a costly mechanical and galvanic process.
In its basic design, the gravure cylinder consists of a thick-walled steel tube with flanged steel journals. To increase the stiffness of this hollow cylinder, some of the cylinder journals are drawn inwards and are supported inside the tube on additional steel discs. All of these joints are welded during the manufacture of the gravure cylinder so that a solid roller body is created, which still has to be balanced so that there are no vibrations when running at high speed (typically up to 15 m/s) in the printing press.
The cylinder receives a base copper layer on its surface, which, among other things, serves to achieve the specified diameter of the finished gravure cylinder.
For the application of another copper layer), which varies from print job to print job, there are several methods:
• The thin layer method:
The base copper layer is coated with an engravable copper layer (approximately 80 µm) in an electroplating process (fig. 2.2-3). This thin layer only allows a one-time engraving. The advantage of the thin layer technique is that all the gravure cylinders of one type have the same diameter dimensions and less mechanical surface treatment is required after the electroplating process than with thick layer processes (see below). The removal of the en-graving (after dechroming) is achieved by dressing or milling the copper. After this, a new copper layer is applied. (In the special process known as copper recycling, the copper layer is removed in an electroplating reversal process. In this process, an additional nickel barrier layer of approximately 25 µm between the base copper and engraving copper is necessary.) The thin layer technique is used in some 35% of cases, whereby the copper recycling method only accounts for some 5%.
• The Ballard skin method :
This method is also a thin layer process (one-time use of the engraving copper layer). The base cover is electrically covered with a removable copper skin (80–100 µm), whereby a special layer between base copper and Ballard skin ensures that the Ballard skin can be peeled off the gravure cylinder after printing. The Ballard skin method is employed in approximately 45% of cases.
• Heavy copper plating (thick layer technique):
An approximately 320 µm thick layer of engraving copper is applied onto the base copper in an electroplating process. This thickness of the layer permits engraving for approximately four print jobs.
After each print job, a layer of approximately 80 µm is removed in a multi-stage mechanical process (milling, grinding). The former image is thus removed.When the engraving copper is used up, a new copper layer (hard) is applied by means of electroplating. This method is employed in about 20% of cases.
With all methods the cylinders are always hard chromeplated after etching or engraving to reduce wear and tear. Therefore chemical chrome deplating with hydrochloric acid must be undertaken prior to removal of the image carrying layer.
Today, all these operations are performed,more or less fully automated, in production lines, whereby overhead traveling cranes and in some cases the trans portation of the gravure cylinder from station to station is carried out by automated guided vehicle (AGV) systems.