Предлоги.

Для выражения падежей (которых в английском языке нет) употребляются некоторые предлоги:

of – кого? чего? чья? (родительный падеж)

to – кому? чему? (дательный падеж)

by/with– кем? чем? (творительный падеж)

Например: The book of my friend.

He gave the book to the teacher.

The letter is written with a pencil.

The article was written by my teacher.

Предлоги:

for - дляwith– с

about – о, обfrom – от

Предлоги места и направления

on

to

into

from

out of

in

at down

up

under

to – к, в, на (куда?)

from - из, с, от (откуда?)

on - на (где?)

in- в (где? – внутри)

into- в (куда? – внутрь)

out of- из (откуда? – изнутри)

under- под

over- над, выше

at- у, около, возле, в, на

up - вверх (куда?)

down - вниз, по

between - между (двумя)

before - перед (расположение) = in front of

behind- позади, за

Предлоги времени

in	через, в (in two hours), in May, in 1990, in summer, in the morning
about	около, приблизительно (about5o’clock)
at	в (at 5 o’clock, at night)
after	после (after dinner)
before	до, перед (before the end of May)
by	к (by 5 o’clock)
during	во время, в течение (duringthewar)
for	в течение, на (for2hours)
on	в (on Sunday, on the 1st of May)
since	с, с тех пор (since1980)
till (until)	до, до тех пор пока (не) (tillnextweek)

Запомните: «this / next / last» с существительными «day, week, month, year, morning, evening» употребляются без предлога.

Например: I shall finish school next year. (Я окончу школу в следующем

году).

Практическое занятие №1

Travelling.

Active vocabulary: travelling – путешествие

totravelbyplane,train,sea,car– путешествовать на самолете, поезде, по морю, на автомобиле

to travel on foot – путешествовать пешком

hitch-hiking (hiking) – путешествие автостопом

Ex. 1 Read and translate the text

Modern life is impossible without traveling.

Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays traveling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, to see different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.

Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or on the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and lie in the sun.

If you want to get somewhere as quickly as possible, the best way is to travel by plane. It is the fastest and the most convenient way, but it is the most expensive too. It is better to book tickets in advance.

Traveling by train is slower than by plane but it has its advantages. When on the train you can always see the country side around you.

Traveling by sea is mostly for those who are going on holiday and want a pleasant voyage.

Many people prefer traveling by car. This way you can explore the nearby towns and cities. The greatest advantage is that you can stop whenever you like and that you are not bound by any schedule. You start from your own front door and take any road you like.

One of the cheapest and the most popular ways of traveling is hiking. It is always a great experience for a lover of nature.

All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. People choose one according to their plans and destination. When traveling we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home.

Ex. 2 Answer my questions, please:

1. Why do a lot of people like to travel?

2. Why do many people prefer travelling by air?

3. What can you say about travelling by train?

4. Why is hitch-hiking the most popular kind of travelling?

5. Why do some people like to travel on foot?

6. What kind of travelling do you prefer? Why?