Правило согласования времен

Правило согласования времен касается дополнительных придаточных предложений и заключается в том, что глагол, выражающий сказуемое придаточного предложения, согласуется во времени с глаголом, выражающим сказуемое главного предложения:

1. Если сказуемое главного предложения стоит в Present Indefinite, сказуемое придаточного предложения может стоять в любом из времен:

I think that he is at home now.	Я думаю, что он сейчас дома.
I think that he was at home two hours ago.	Я думаю, что он был дома два часа назад.
I think that he will be free tonight.	Я думаю, что он будет свободен сегодня вечером.

2. Если сказуемое главного предложения стоит в Past Indefinite, сказуемое придаточного предложения стоит в одном из прошедших времен, а именно:

а) если действие придаточного предложения совпадало по времени с действием главного, то глагол в придаточном предложении стоит в Past Indefinite.

I knew that he lived there.

Я знал, что он живет там.

б) если действие придаточного предложения предшествовало действию главного, то глагол в придаточном предложении стоит в Past Perfect.

I knew that he had lived there.

Я знал, что он жил там.

в) если действие придаточного предложения является последующим по отношению к действию главного, то глагол придаточного предложения стоит во времени Future-in-the-Past (будущее в прошедшем).

Форма Future-in-the-Past образуется при помощи вспомогательных глаголов should или would и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to.

I knew that he would work with us.

Я знал, что он будет работать с нами.

Упр. 24. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

1. We knew that the research worker had taken part in the investigation and had received very interesting results. 2. I heard that this young engineer was working out a new type of welding machine. 3. My friend said that he wanted to make calculations himself. 4. The methods developed and the results obtained proved that there would be large but light ships made of plastics in future. 5. Roentgen found that radiation from a cathode-ray tube was able to penetrate thin matter like wood but was stopped by thicker objects such as pieces of metal and bones. 6. I.V.Kurchatov understood it was considerably easier to use the nuclear chain reaction for destruction than for the production of energy for homes and factories. 7. I thought that they had been waiting for me in the entrance hall for half an hour. 8. I hoped that I should find her at home. 9.Jim Kent told shareholders that non-performing loans, up by $ 450 million in the first half would cost over $ 40 million this year. 10. I was sure they had lived a happy life. 11. I told you the road was closed. 12. He said he could see me at eight. 13. Someone asked me who had caused the accident. 14. When it was proved that a molecule of ozone contained two atoms, it was hard to imagine they should combine with each other. 15. The early alchemists hoped that they would find a fluid to dissolve gold. 16. We were quite sure that the method in use would give the results desired. 17. Faraday stated that the mass of the substance liberated at electrodes was directly proportional to the quantity of electricity sent through the solution. 18. Pragmatically, we thought change agents could best gather information if the beneficiaries participated in the process as collaborative partners.