- •Белорусский институт правоведения
- •Е. И. Пивень
- •Кафедра языковедческих дисциплин
- •Методические указания по выполнению и оформлению обязательных контрольных работ
- •Требования к оформлению обязательных контрольных работ:
- •Контрольная работа № 1
- •I. Read the text. The English Language
- •II. Answer the questions in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the 1st and the 2nd paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
- •V. Match the words from the box with the definitions below.
- •VI. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the text:
- •VII. Give the plural of the following nouns:
- •VIII. Change the number of the noun in italic type where possible and make all other necessary changes:
- •XIII. Translate into English:
- •Контрольная работа № 2
- •I. Read the text. Holidays in Great Britain
- •II. Answer the questions in written form:
- •III. Translate in written form 1st, 2d, 3d paragraphs from the text.
- •IV. Write t for true and f for false. Correct the false sentences, translate all the sentences:
- •V. Explain the meanings of the following words and expressions and make sentences with each of them:
- •VI. Find in the text the English equivalents for the words and expressions below:
- •VIII. Supply self-pronouns for the following sentences where possible:
- •IX. Choose between all and a compound in every to use it in the following sentences:
- •X. Translate into English:
- •XI. Choose between much and many, (a) little and (a) few to use in the following sentences:
- •XII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Write the following numerals in English:
- •XIV. Complete the sentences:
- •Контрольная работа № 3
- •I. Read the text. Elections in Great Britain
- •Translate paragraphs 1,3,6,7 in written form.
- •III. Answer the following questions in written form:
- •IV. Find in the text the English equivalents for the phrases below:
- •V. Complete the following text with the words and expressions from the box, using them in the appropriate form:
- •VI. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions:
- •VII. Complete the following sentences with the adjectives made by adding the right suffixes to the italicized words:
- •VIII. Translate the words in brackets:
- •IX. Use the required form of the adjective in the following sentences:
- •X. Translate into English:
- •XI. Change the italicized noun into a verb and italicized adjective into an adverb:
- •XII. Choose the correct form of the words given in brackets:
- •XIII. Translate into English:
- •Контрольная работа № 4
- •I. Read the text: System of government in Great Britain
- •II. Translate in written form paragraphs 2,5,7,8 from the text.
- •III. Answer the questions in written form.
- •V. Choose the right word or word combination.
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Translate into Russian:
- •VIII. Use the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous of the verbs in brackets:
- •IX. Use Present Perfect or Past Indefinite in the following sentences:
- •X. Use Past Indefinite or Past Continuous in the following sentences:
- •XI. Translate into English:
- •XII. Use the required Present, Past, Future forms in the following text:
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into English, concentrating on the use of tense-aspect forms:
- •Контрольная работа № 5.
- •I. Read the text. Legal Profession in Great Britain.
- •II. Translate in written form the 1st, 4th, 5th, 8th, 9th paragraphs of the text.
- •Answer the questions in written form.
- •IV. Find the proper word for each legal profession mentioned in the definitions.
- •V. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the box, using them in the correct form.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •VII. Give the corresponding passive construction:
- •VIII. Open the brackets using appropriate form of the verb.
- •IX. Open the brackets, using the correct form in the Passive Voice.
- •X. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form in the Active Voice or the Passive Voice.
- •XI. Put the sentences from Active into Passive:
- •XII. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Контрольная работа № 6
- •I. Read the text. What is modern law?
- •VI. Write t for true and f for false. Correct false sentences, translate all the sentences.
- •VII. Make the action of the following object clauses simultaneous with those of the principle clauses.
- •VIII. Use the required tense aspect forms in the following sentences, observing the rules of the sequence of tenses.
- •IX. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •X. Put the following into Indirect Speech.
- •XI. Put the following into Direct Speech.
- •XII. Translate the story. Turn Direct Speech into Indirect Speech with tense changes.
- •Контрольная работа № 7
- •I. Read the text. The jury system in Great Britain.
- •II. Answer the questions in the written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the 1st and 4th paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Match the words from the box with the definitions below.
- •V. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Use the appropriate forms of the verbs:
- •IX. Choose the right word:
- •X. Circle the correct conjunction to complete the following text:
- •XI. Rewrite the following sentences in indirect speech choosing the correct reporting verb from the box given below:
- •XII. Complete the dialogue choosing the appropriate words and word combinations. At the Dentist’s
- •2 Course Контрольная работа № 1.
- •I. Read the text.
- •Learning languages in the usa.
- •II. Answer the questions in written form.
- •III. Translate the text in written form.
- •IV. Divide the text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •V. Insert the right word and translate the following sentences:
- •VI. Put each verb in brackets into the correct tense form:
- •VII. Read the following news items. Translate them. Write different types of questions to them. Define the tense form of each verb:
- •VIII. Answer the questions using the Passive Voice. See the model.
- •IX. Insert either a/an or the where necessary.
- •X. Put the adverbs and adjectives in brackets into the correct degree form.
- •XI. Put the adverbs in their correct places:
- •XII. Supply prepositions, adverbs and adverbial phrases where necessary.
- •Контрольная работа № 2
- •I. Read the text.
- •Immigrants to the usa.
- •II. Answer the questions on the text in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the last two paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Divide the text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text, according to your plan.
- •V. Chose the right word or word-combination:
- •VI. Translate the following words, make up the word combinations with some of them:
- •VII. Write t for true or f for false. Correct the false sentences, translate them.
- •IX. Answer the following questions. Give negative answers according to the model № 1, 2. Refer to the past and use ‘had to’ according to the model № 3.
- •XI. Translate into English.
- •Контрольная работа № 3
- •Read the text. Different Washingtons
- •II. Answer the questions on the text in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form 3 paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Divide the text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •VI. Write t for true and f for false. Correct the false sentences and translate them.
- •VIII. The following letter was published in a newspaper. Complete the letter by choosing the appropriate infinitive from the box below. Do not use any infinitive more than once. Translate the letter.
- •XI. Translate the sentences into Russian using Complex Object:
- •XIII. Translate into English using the Infinitive and its constructions:
- •Контрольная работа № 4
- •I. Read the text. The us Executive branch
- •II. Answer the questions in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the last two paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Divide text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •V. Write t for true and f for false. Correct the false sentences and translate them.
- •VII. Translate the final part of the sentences:
- •VIII. Write all possible forms of the Participle, using the following verbs:
- •IX. Translate into Russian using the Participle:
- •X. Open the brackets using different forms of the Participle:
- •XI. Translate into English:
- •XII. Choose the right form of the Participle:
- •Контрольная работа № 5
- •I. Read the text. The Federal and State Court Systems in the usa.
- •II. Answer the questions in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the last 3 paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Divide text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •V. Match the definitions with the appropriate words given in the right-hand column:
- •VI. Find the best answer:
- •VIII. Translate into English using the Gerund:
- •IX. Open the brackets, using different forms of the Gerund:
- •X. Choose the right Russian equivalent:
- •XI. Write all possible forms of the Gerund, using the following verbs:
- •XII. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions from the box. Some of them can be used more than once. Translate the sentences:
- •Контрольная работа № 6
- •I. Read the text. Crime in the United States
- •II. Answer the questions text in written form.
- •III. Translate the text in written form.
- •IV. Divide text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Write these sentences, using I wish instead of I regret, it’s a pity or I am sorry. Make all the necessary changes. Translate them.
- •IX. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets in the Subjunctive Mood:
- •X. Choose the right form of the verbs in brackets:
- •XI. Translate into English:
- •XII. Translate into Russian:
- •Контрольная работа № 7
- •I. Read the text. The face that fits the crime
- •II. Answer the questions on the text in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form 3 paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Divide text into logically connected parts, entitle each part and give a short summary of the text according to your plan.
- •V. Translate the following words, make up the word combinations with some of them.
- •VI. Match the definitions with the appropriate words given in the right-left column.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •VIII. Join the following pairs of simple sentences to make them clauses of a compound sentence.
- •IX. Replace the italicized words and phrases by clauses. State the type of each clause. Translate them.
- •X. Translate the following sentences using adverbial clauses of time, place, cause, purpose, result, concession, comparison, and condition.
- •XI. Insert relative pronouns or adverbs. Translate the complex sentences and state the type of the clauses.
- •XII. Translate what is given in brackets with the help of nominative absolute constructions.
- •XIII. Use the correct form (Infinitive with or without to, Gerund or Participle) of the verbs in brackets.
- •XIV. Put each verb in brackets into the correct tense form paying particular attention to the sequence of tenses.
- •XV. Make up sentences using the following words. Translate them.
- •Контрольная работа № 8.
- •I. Read the text. Kinds of Punishment.
- •II. Answer the questions in written form.
- •III. Translate in written form the first 3 paragraphs of the text.
- •IV. Complete the table:
- •V. Give the Russian equivalents for the following words:
- •VI. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the box:
- •VII. Put the verbs into appropriate tense forms:
- •VIII. Match each word or expression on the left with the definition on the right.
- •IX. Complete these sentences with no/none, nobody, some, nothing, nowhere, any, anything, anywhere, somebody, something, somewhere.
- •X. Change sentences into the Passive Voice:
- •XI. Put each verb in brackets into the correct tense form paying particular attention to the sequence of tenses:
- •XII. Complete these sentences with these modal verbs (can, may, be able to, to have to, to be to, must, ought to):
- •XIII. Translate the sentences with the Gerund and the Infinitive:
- •XIV. Decide if the conditions in the sentences are real, unreal in the present (future), or unreal in the past. Translate the sentences.
- •Список использованной литературы.
- •Содержание
- •Учебно-методическое пособие
XI. Put the sentences from Active into Passive:
1. He stole a lot of money from the shop. 2. By six o’clock they had finished the work. 3. At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks. 4. We send our daughter to rest in the south every year. 5. They will show this film on TV. 6. They are building a new concert hall in our street. 7. I bought potatoes yesterday. 8. He will introduce me to his friends. 9. I haven’t translated the article yet. 10. We were looking at the man with great surprise. 11. Has the secretary typed the letters? – No, she is typing them now. 12. The doctor prescribed her a new medicine. 13. Everybody laughed at him. 14. We have been looking for you the whole morning. 15. The children have scattered about a lot of things. 16. Have you written the letter yet? 17. Someone wants you on the phone. 18. They were selling new children’s books in that shop when I entered it yesterday. 19. They offered her some interesting work. 20. The boy was angry because his mother didn’t allow him to go to the stadium.
XII. Translate the sentences into English:
1. Лекции этого профессора всегда слушают с большим интересом. 2. Его всегда любили и ему всегда доверяли. 3. Мне показали как это было сделано. 4. О ней очень хорошо отзываются. 5. Можно ли положиться на эти цифры? 6. Мне много раз повторяли, что мне надо бросить курить. 7. Во время экскурсии по городу нам показали завод, где производятся стальные конструкции. 8. Книги, которые хорошо читаются, редко найдешь запыленными на полках библиотеки. 9. Объяснили ли вам, почему вам тогда не разрешили принять участие в соревнованиях? 10. Что-нибудь делается, чтобы восстановить это древнее здание? 11. В твоей комнате ничего не тронули с тех пор, как тебя послали в санаторий. 12. Ваш законопроект уже принят? – Нет, он еще рассматривается. 13. Я не знал, кому меня представляют. 14. Больного не будут оперировать без его согласия. 15. Она чувствовала, что от нее что-то скрывают. 16. Факты, на которые ссылается свидетель, заинтересовали адвоката. 7. Было рассмотрено много различных маршрутов, а об этом даже не подумали. 18. Проект был в основном одобрен, но архитектору указали на отдельные недостатки. 19. Не беспокойтесь, о вашем багаже позаботятся и он будет доставлен в номер. 20. Он не слышал, о чём в это время говорили. 21. Надо что-то сделать для этих людей. 22. Внизу по этой улице строится новый комплекс офисных зданий. 23. Тебя интересует работа, которую тебе предложили? 24. Этот документ должен быть подписан. 25. Я не мог сказать ему, что потратил деньги, которые мне дали на книги. 26. Об этой книге уже написано много статей. 27. Я почувствовал, что ему уже задавали этот вопрос. 28. Студентам велели подождать за дверью. 29. Эта звезда хорошо видна только после захода солнца. 30. Ее нигде не было видно.
Контрольная работа № 6
I. Read the text. What is modern law?
The law today is a complex of different and “relatively independent” national systems. The English word “law” refers to limits upon various forms of behaviour. Some laws are descriptive – they simply describe how people, or even natural phenomena, usually behave. An example – is rather consistent law of gravity, another is the less consistent law of economics. Other laws are prescriptive – they prescribe how people ought to behave. For example ,the speed limits imposed upon drivers are laws that prescribe how fast we should drive.
In all societies, relations between people are regulated by prescriptive laws. Some of them are customs – that is, informal rules of social and moral behaviour. Some rules we accept if we belong to particular social institutions, such as religious, educational and cultural groups. And some are precise laws made by nations and enforced against all citizens within their power. Customs need not be made by government, and they need not be written down. We learn how we are expected to behave in society through the instruction of family and teachers, the advice of friends and our experiences in dealing with strangers. Sometimes we can break these rules without suffering any penalty. But if we continually break the rules other members of society may criticize us, refuse to have anything to do with us. The rules of social institutions tend to be more formal than customs, carrying precise penalties for those who break them. Sports clubs, for example, often have detailed rules for their members. But if a member breaks a rule and refuses to accept any punishment, the club may have no power other than ask him or her to leave the club. However, when governments make laws for their citizens, they use a system of courts backed by the power of the police to enforce these laws.
What motives do governments have in making and enforcing laws?
Social control is undoubtedly one purpose. Without laws, it is argued, there would be anarchy in society. Another purpose is the implementation of justice. The laws made by government of one country are often very different from the laws of another country. So the law today is a complex of different and relatively independent national system.
Many countries face similar social, economic and political problems and consequently have adopted similar legal solutions. Some areas of the law such as intellectual property and human rights are particularly concerned with developing laws which are valid internationally. With more international business and travel and growing awareness that many socio-economic problems need global solutions, the future of live world of law appears to be one of internationalization.
There are two main kinds of international law: private and public. The former concerns the role of foreign laws within a particular country.
For example, if an Englishman wants to sell property he owns in France to another Englishman, any English court must consider French law when deciding the legality of the contract of sale.
Public international law, on the other hand, deals with relations between states.
Despite great internationalization, most law is still made and enforced by individual government, and there are great differences among the world’s system of law.
II. Answer the questions in the written form.
What is law today?
What is the difference between descriptive and prescriptive law?
Who makes customs?
What motives do governments have in making and enforcing laws?
Describe the difference between private and public international law.
Why have many countries adopted similar solutions?
III. Translate in written form the first and the second paragraphs of the text.
IV. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
law
custom
citizen
penalty
to enforce law
V. Translate into English.
Именно это судебное решение было для него главным.
Общее право является одним из главных источников английского права.
Суд Короны рассматривает в основном серьезные уголовные дела.
Он стал свидетелем дорожного происшествия.
Вас подозревают в том, что вчера в 00.00 часов вечера вы совершили преступление.
Большинство исков возбуждается в судах низшей инстанции.
Сторона, возбуждающая иск, называется истцом, а сторона, преследуемая в судебном порядке, называется ответчиком.
Гражданские дела – это обычно споры между частными лицами, корпорациями и организациями.
Люди, получившие травмы, могут преследовать в судебном порядке человека или кампанию, ответственную за причиненный вред.
Апелляционные суды не имеют прямой юрисдикции.