- •Get a grip. Part 1.
- •Skim the text (Parts 1 and 2) and tell who Ron Diftler, Russ Tedrake, Roderic Grupen are and what they say about robots, robotics and their work.
- •Look through the list of words and phrases and check if you know their Ukrainian equivalents. Use the Mini-Dictionary (unit 3) if necessary.
- •Explain the meaning of the following phrases.
- •C ross the odd word out.
- •Match the words in the left-hand column with the words in the right-hand column to make phrases from the text. You may use some words several times. Translate the collocations into Ukrainian.
- •Match the words with their translation.
- •Now, use the words above to complete the sentences. Use the remaining words to make up sentences of your own.
- •Match the words with their definitions.
- •Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from the list below.
- •Fill the cells in the table with the words derived from the given ones.
- •Fill in the words in the correct form.
- •Rearrange the letters in bold to make words that fit into the gaps.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Work in small groups. Match 1-6 with a-f to make sentences.
- •Look through Mini-Grammar section. Explain what Gerund is using the verbs given below in sentences about your groupmates. Use the given verbs in any tense adding verbs in Gerund.
- •Underline the Gerund in the given function. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •Translate the following paragraphs into English using the Gerund.
- •Correct the mistakes.
- •Translate into English. Pay attention to the use of the Infinitive.
- •Think of other words that can be added to such a glossary.
- •Work in pairs. Student a: you are Eduardo Torres-Jara, a developer of Obrero. Student b: You are Aaron Edsinger, one of developers of Domo. Exchange information about your achievements.
- •Work in small groups. You have invented a new robot. Make a short presentation of your robot.
- •Discuss the following quotations in small groups.
- •Problem-solving How much do you know about robots? Work in pairs. Choose the correct answer.
- •Mini-Dictionary unit 3 Robot making industry
- •Mini-grammar The Gerund
- •The functions of the Gerund in the sentence
Mini-grammar The Gerund
The Gerund is an impersonal form of a verb which has properties of a noun and a verb. The gerund is formed by adding –ing to the stem of the verb. There are no analogous structures in Ukrainian.
e.g. Reading English is necessary for every engineer. – Читання (читати) англійською необхідно кожному інженеру. (що?)
Negative: we add particle ‘not’ before the gerund: not writing, not being written.
We use gerund to…
1. … express an action simultaneous with an action expressed by predicate. |
He was interested in welding metals. He is interested in welding metals. He will be interested in welding metals. |
2. … express an action which happened before an action expressed by predicate. |
Apologising for having stayed so long he …asked Andrew to proceed with his investigation (A. J. Cronin) |
The functions of the Gerund in the sentence
Subject Підмет |
Radiobroadcasting is the technique of using radiowaves for wireless transmitting of sound. |
Predicate Присудок |
The main function of “fly-by-wire” technology is making the people’s life easier (іменна частина присудка). The scientists decided to keep on experimenting (частина складного дієслівного присудка). After : to begin, to start -починати to continue, to go on, to keep on – продовжувати, to finish, to stop, to give up, to leave off – закінчувати, переставати. |
Attribute Означення |
Studying the properties of electrons gave the possibility of constructing a very powerful microscope. After: opportunity (of) , idea (of), habit (of) ,hope (of) – перед іменником з прийменником of |
Object Додаток |
The students enjoy studying English (прямий додаток). After: to avoid , to delay, to put off, to postpone, to mind, to mention, to excuse, to want, to require, to need, to like, to hate, to prefer, to enjoy, to remember, to forget. The first step in the measuring a physical quantity consists in choosing a unit of that quantity. After: to accuse of, to agree to, to aim at, to aid in, to be interested in, to be responsible for, to be surprised at, to depend on, to devote to, to insist on, to look forward to, to object to, to prevent from, to succeed in, suspect of. |
Adverbial Modifier Обставина |
It was impossible to give an adequate answer to the question without carrying out all the necessary experiments. After: for - за; through -через; by –за допомогою; besides – крім; instead of - замість; without – без. |