II. 4. Perfect Continuous

Совершённое длительное

The Perfect Continuous Tenses are analytical grammar forms combining patterns of the two above mentioned tenses: the Perfect and Continuous ones. A Perfect Continuous Tense form consists of a structural verb (a “to have been” form) bearing a grammatical meaning only and a notional verb (in the form of the Participle I):

Группа совершённых длительных времён – это аналитические грамматические формы, объединяющие модели двух вышеупомянутых времён: совершённого и длительного. Форма совершённого длительного времени, состоит из структурного (формального) глагола (какая-либо форма “to have been”), несущего только грамматическое значение, и знаменательного (понятийного, смыслового) глагола (в виде причастия I):

HAVE BEEN + …ING

To put it another way:

The corresponding Perfect form of the auxiliary verb “to be” followed by the participle I form of the notional verb

Другими словами:

Соответствующая перфектная форма вспомогательного глагола “to have”, за которым следует причастие I смыслового глагола

HAVE BEEN + Participle I

II. 4. 1. Present Continuous Perfect (positive sentence) (утвердительное предложение):

1^st person singular number or 1^st, 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + HAVE BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 1-го лица единственного, или 1-го, 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., I / we / you / they / have been waiting for two hours.

3^rd person singular number Subject + HAS BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 3-го лица единственного числа + HAS BEEN + …ING

e.g., He / She / It / has been causing us some trouble since 1990.

II. 4. 2. Past Perfect Continuous (positive sentence) (утвердительное предложение):

Subject (any person or number possible) + HAD BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее (любое лицо и число, которое только возможно) + HAD BEEN + …ING

e.g. I / he / she / we / you / they / had been working for two hours when it got quite dark.

II. 4. 3. Future Perfect Continuous (positive sentence) (утвердительное предложение):

1^st person singular or plural number Subject + SHALL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 1-го лица единственного или множественного числа + SHALL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., I / We / shall have been living here for a year next February.

3^rd person singular number or 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + WILL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 3-го лица единственного или 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + WILL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., He / She / It / You / They / will have been working for quite a long time before you come back.

N.B.: The following pattern is also possible nowadays:

Следующая модель также возможна в наши дни:

1^st person singular or plural number Subject + WILL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN +

…ING

Подлежащее 1-го лица единственного или множественного числа + WILL ('LL) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., I / We / will have been learning English for a year when you find time to join me in my studies.

N.B.: Future Perfect Continuous forms are not frequent in real life.

Формы будущего совершённого длительного не часто встречаются в реальной жизни.

II. 4. 4. Present Perfect Continuous (negative sentence) (отрицательное предложение):

1^st person singular number or 1^st, 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + HAVE NOT (HAVEN'T) BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 1-го лица единственного, или 1-го, 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + HAVE NOT (HAVEN'T) BEEN + …ING

e.g., I / we / you / they / have not (haven’t) been waiting for you but your friend.

3^rd person singular number Subject + HAS NOT (HASN'T) BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 3-го лица единственного числа + HAS NOT (HASN'T) BEEN + …ING

e.g., He / She / It / has not (hasn’t) been causing you a lot of trouble for nothing.

II. 4. 5. Past Perfect Continuous (negative sentence) (отрицательное предложение):

Subject (any person or number possible) + HAD NOT (HADN'T) BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее (любое лицо и число, которое только возможно) + HAD NOT (HADN'T) BEEN + …ING

e.g. I / he / she / we / you / they / had not been working for two hours when it got quite dark.

II. 4. 6. Future Perfect Continuous (negative sentence) (отрицательное предложение):

1^st person singular or plural number Subject + SHALL NOT (SHAN'T) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 1-го лица единственного или множественного числа + SHALL NOT (SHAN'T) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., I / We / shall not (shan't) have been sitting there by the time you get back.

3^rd person singular number or 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + WILL NOT (WON'T) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 3-го лица единственного или 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + WILL NOT (WON'T) + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., He / She / It / You / They / will not (won't) have been getting on your nerves all your life when you learn to look on the bright side of life.

II. 4. 7. Present Perfect Continuous (interrogative sentence) (вопросительное предложение):

HAVE + 1^st person singular number or 1^st, 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + BEEN + …ING

HAVE + подлежащее 1-го лица единственного, или 1-го, 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + BEEN + …ING

e.g., Have I / we / you / they / been trying to save money enough to buy a car?

– Yes, I / we / you / they / have.

– No, I / we / you / they / have not (haven’t).

HAS + 3^rd person singular number Subject + BEEN + …ING

Подлежащее 3-го лица единственного числа + BEEN + …ING

e.g., Has he / she / it / been working here since 1990? – Yes, he / she / it / has.

– No, he / she / it / has not (hasn’t).

II. 4. 8. Past Perfect Continuous (interrogative sentence) (вопросительное предложение):

HAD + Subject (any person or number possible) + BEEN + …ING

HAD + подлежащее (любое лицо и число, которое только возможно) + BEEN + …ING

e.g. Had I / he / she / it / we / you / they / working for two hours when the machine broke down?

– Yes, I / he / she / it / we / you / they / had.

– No, I / he / she / it / we / you / they / had not (hadn’t).

II. 4. 9. Future Perfect Continuous (interrogative sentence) (вопросительное предложение):

SHALL + 1^st person singular or plural number Subject + HAVE BEEN + …ING

SHALL + подлежащее 1-го лица единственного или множественного числа + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., Shall I / we / have been doing the work for a whole month by the time you want to help me? – Yes, you shall.

– No, you shall not (shan't).

WILL + 3^rd person singular number or 2^nd or 3^rd person plural number Subject + HAVE BEEN + …ING

WILL + подлежащее 3-го лица единственного или 2-го или 3-го лица множественного числа + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., Will he / she / it / you / they / have been living there for five years next June?

– Yes, he / she / it / you / they / will.

– No, he / she / it / you / they / will not (won't).

N.B.: The following pattern is also possible nowadays:

Следующая модель также возможна в наши дни:

WILL + 1^st person singular or plural number Subject + HAVE BEEN + …ING

WILL + подлежащее 1-го лица единственного или множественного числа + HAVE BEEN + …ING

e.g., Will I / we / have been doing the work for a whole month by the time you spare some time to help me? – Yes, you will.

– No, you will not (won't).

N.B.: There may be combinations of negative and interrogative sentence.