III. Study the following words and word combinations and make sure you know their translations. Use a specialized dictionary in case of any difficulties.
nonvolatile memory
read-only memory (ROM)
operating system
to erase
to alter
optical disk
IV. State the type of word-building of the following words and translate them into Russian.
increasingly, respectively, modification, erasable, alterable, time-consuming, gigabyte, information
V. Read the text attentively and name the differences between types of nonvolatile memories.
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main and auxiliary memories, other forms of memory exist for
specialized purposes. An increasingly important class is that of
nonvolatile
memories,
which, unlike SRAMs and DRAMs, do not lose their content when the
power supply is cut off. Some nonvolatile memories, such as
read-only memory (ROM), are not rewritable once manufactured or
written. Each memory cell of a ROM chip either has a transistor or
none, representing the binary digit 0 or 1, respectively. ROMs are
generally employed for programs designed for repeated use without
modification, as, for example, the operating system of a personal
microcomputer. By contrast, EPROM (erasable programmable ROM),
EAROM (electrically alterable ROM), and flash memory are types of
nonvolatile memories that are rewritable, though the writing is
far more time-consuming than reading. They are thus used as
special-purpose memories where writing is seldom necessary.
nother
form of memory is the optical
disk,
which uses optical rather than electrical means for reading and
writing. It developed from videodisc technology during the early
1980s. Optical disks have a greater memory capacity than most
magnetic disks; the largest ones can store 1.5 gigabytes of
information, which is equal to about 700,000 pages of printed
material. Optical disks come in sizes ranging from 3.5 to 12
inches (30 cm). They are widely used as auxiliary memory when
large memory capacity is required.VI. Main idea Which statement or statements best express the main idea of the text? Why did you eliminate the other choices?
1. Nonvolatile memories are less important than main and auxiliary memories.
2. There are several types of nonvolatile memories.
3. Optical disks is the only type of auxiliary memory used in computer systems.
VII. Understanding the passage Decide whether the following statements are true or false (T/F) by referring to the information in the text. Then make the necessary changes so that the false statements become true.
T F
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