1. Географічне положення Великобританії. Geographical Position of the UK

2. Географічне положення України. Geographical position of Ukraine

3. Сільське господарство Великобританії. Agriculture of Britain

4. Сільське господарство України. Agriculture of Ukraine

5. Київ – столиця України. Kyiv

6. Лондон – столиця Великобританії. London. Sights of London.

7. Моя Батьківщина. My Native Town

8. Сільське господарство Сумської області. Agriculture in Sumy Region

9. Види сільськогосподарських робіт у різні пори року. Farmwork in Different Seasons.

10. Роль іноземних мов у нашому житті. Learning Foreign Languages.

11. Аграрний вищий навчальний заклад. Sumy National Agrarian University

12. Мої захоплення. My Hobby

13. Моя подорож. Traveling

14. Свята у Великобританії. Holidays in Great Britain

15. Свята в Україні. Holidays in Ukraine

16. Сільськогосподарські професії. Agricultural Professions

17. Пори року. Seasons and Weather

18. Робочий день студента. My Working Day

19. Моя майбутня професія. My Future Profession.

20. Робочий день бізнесмена. The Working Day of a Businessman

Geographical Position of the uk

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland occupies most of the territory of the British Isles. It consists of four main parts which are: England with the capital London, Scotland with the capital Edinburgh, Wales with the capital Cardiff and Northern Ireland with the capital Belfast. The capital of the state is London. The UK is an island state. The two main islands are Great Britain (in which are England, Scotland and Wales) to the east and Ireland (in which are Northern Ireland and the independent Irish Republic) to the west. These two islands are separated by the Irish Sea. United Kingdom is located off the northwestern coast of Europe between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It is separated from the continent by the Strait of Dover and the English Channel.

Most of England consists of low plains. The Cheviot Hills run east to west along the Scottish border, while from the Scottish border to Derbyshire in Central England lie the north to south Pennine Range. Scafell Pike, England's highest point is located in the northwest with an elevation of 978 metres. Its principal rivers are the Severn, Thames, Humber, Tees, Tyne, Tweed, Avon, Exe and Mersey.

Scotland is divided into three topographical regions. (1) The Northern Highlands which occupy the northern half of the country and contains the highest point in the British Isles, Ben Nevis at 1,343 metres. (2)The Central Lowland which contains the valleys of the Tay, Forth and Clyde Rivers. (3) The Southern Uplands with moor land that is cut by rivers and valleys.

Wales is a country of hills and mountains with high plateaux and ranges dissected by river valleys. In the south, west and north, there are narrow coastal plains while the Cambrian Mountains occupy most of the land area and include Wales' highest point, Mount Snowdon at 1,085 metres.

Northern Ireland consists mostly of low lying plateaux and hills while the Mourne Mountains in the southeast include Northern Ireland's highest point, Slieve Donard at 852 metres. Lake Neagh lies in a central depression of Northern Ireland and is the Kingdom's largest lake.

The United Kingdom has a mild and temperate climate due to the influence of the Gulf Stream.

Agriculture of Britain

Great Britain is an industrial country. But agriculture is also well-developed. It provides about 5 per cent of the gross national product. Four fifth of the land is devoted to agriculture. About one million people work on farms. Britain produces nearly two-thirds of its total food requirements. Britain is self-sufficient in milk, eggs, to a very great extend in meat, potatoes, wheat. However, it needs to import butter, cheese, sugar and some other agricultural products.

The climate of Great Britain and soils are not very favourable for the development of agriculture. It is developing thanks to modern technology and scientific research. The most productive area is Lowland Britain, which has fertile soil. In this part of the country they have arable lands. Britain is famous for world’s best pedigree cattle and the highest yield of grain crops.

Among the cereals wheat takes the lead. It is cultivated on over 40 per cent of the total cropland. The crop is mainly concentrated in the eastern parts of the country. The potatoes crop is widespread all throughout the country. Sugar from home-grown sugar beet provides about 55 per cent of the requirements. In England and Wales the chief crops are wheat and barley. In Scotland the leading crop is oats. In Northern Ireland vast area is under oats, flax and potatoes.

60 per cent of full-time farms are devoted mainly to dairy or beef cattle and sheep. Pig production is carried in most areas but it is particularly important in eastern Yorkshire and southern England, north-east Scotland and Northern Ireland. Poultry industry is growing rapidly and is becoming more important.

Britain’s second major source of food is the surrounding sea (the fishing industry). Woodland covers an estimate 2 million hectares (about 9 per cent of the total land area of the country).