- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Traditional b. Tradition c. Traditions 2. A. Meaning b. Means c. Mean
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Technical b. Technology c. Techniques 2. A. Cultured b. Uncultured c. Cultures d. Culture
- •Chapter Two
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Regional b. Region c. Regions 2. A. Different b. Differences c. Difference 3. A. Are called b. Call
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Nations b. National c. Nation 2. A. Dominate b. Dominated c. Dominant 3. A. Diversity b. Diverse
- •Chapter Three
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Individualist b. Individualism c. Individualistic d. Individual 2. A. Collectivists b. Collectivism c. Collectivistic
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Owns b. Owned c. Own, own 2. A. Watch b. Watching c. Watched 3. A. Memories b. Memory
- •Chapter Four
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Violent b. Violently c. Violence 2. A. Egalitarian b. Equal c. Equality 3. A. Hunters b. Hunting c. Hunt
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Traditional b. Tradition c. Traditions d. Traditionally 2. A. Hierarchies b. Hierarchical c. Hierarchy
- •Chapter Five
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Farmers b. Farming c. Farms 2. A. Horticulture b. Horticulturalists c. Horticultural 3. A. Gardening b. Garden
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Developers b. Developed c. Develop 2. A. Plants b. Planted c. Planting 3. A. Preserved b. Preserve
- •Chapter Six
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Domesticated b. Domesticable c. Domesticate 2. A. Can be used to b. Can be used as c. Can be used for 3. A. Be kept b. Keep
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Herd b. Herders c. Herding d. Herds 2. A. Pastorals b. Pastoral
- •Chapter Seven
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Flooding b. Floods c. Flooded 2. A. Invented b. Inventions c. Inventive 3. A. Differ b. Different
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Irrigation b. Irrigated c. Irrigate 2. A. Fertilize b. Fertile c. Fertilizers 3. A. Intensively b. Intensive
- •Chapter Eight
- •Chapter Nine
- •Chapter Ten
- •Chapter Eleven
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Slave b. Slaves c. Slavery 2. A. Alienated b. Alienating c. Aliination 3. A. Introduced b. Introduction
- •Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Clothes b. Clothe c. Clothed 2. A. Industrializing b. Industrial c. Industrialization d. Industrialized 3. A. Diversity b. Diverse
- •Chapter Twelve
Chapter Three
Before You Begin: 1. Collectivists cooperate and work together. They have fewer personal possessions and tend to share more. 2. Individualists think of themselves first. They tend to be rather selfish. They tend not to share. And they cooperate less.
Comprehension Check: 1. True 2. False 3. False 4. True 5. True
Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Individualist b. Individualism c. Individualistic d. Individual 2. A. Collectivists b. Collectivism c. Collectivistic
Meaning Matching: 1. individualists – think of themselves first 2. selfish – people tend not to share 3. on the other hand – however 4. personal possessions – private ownership 5. society – culture 6. cooperate – work together 7. consumer – someone who buys things
Summary Completion: In this conversation, Ken and Fumiko discuss cultural (a) change. Fumiko says that (c) economics and technology are important (d) factors in change. He notes that in societies with few personal (h) possessions, people tend to (i) share and be (b) collectivists. In consumer societies, (g) on the other hand, people tend (f) not to share and think of themselves first. They are (e) individualists.
Comprehension Check: 1. True 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. True
Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Owns b. Owned c. Own, own 2. A. Watch b. Watching c. Watched 3. A. Memories b. Memory
Meaning Matching: 1. brought back to – remember 2. communication – talking to each other 3. group – collective 4. alone – by yourself 5. pastime – entertainment 6. individual – only one person 7. viewing – watching
Summary Completion: This passage offers an example of cultural (a) change. It describes how not many people (g) owned television sets when they were first (d) introduced. As a result, friends and (e) neighbors would watch television together. As more people came to own televisions, people watched at home with (c) their families. Then, as (h) televisions became cheaper, more people bought them. In some cases, each member of a family would (f) own a television set. People would watch television by (i) themselves. (b) Communication within the family decreased.
Chapter Four
Before You Begin: 1. They live by hunting animals, fishing and collecting berries, fruits, nuts and other kinds of plants. 2. Women in hunting and gathering societies have more power than most women today in industrial societies.
Comprehension Check: 1. True 2. False 3. True 4. False 5. False
Vocabulary Building: 1. A. Violent b. Violently c. Violence 2. A. Egalitarian b. Equal c. Equality 3. A. Hunters b. Hunting c. Hunt
Meaning Matching: 1. equal – egalitarian 2. consensus – group decision 3. violent – always fighting 4. rulers – hierarchical 5. peaceful – do not fight 6. gather – collect 7. clans – small groups
Summary Completion: This conversation is about (e) hunters and gatherers. In hunting and gathering societies, people (d) hunt animals, fish and (f) gather, or collect, berries, nuts, fruits and plants. Most hunters and gatherers are (h) peaceful. They (c) do not fight. They are (a) also egalitarian. Decisions are made by (b) consensus. Women in hunting and gathering societies have more (i) power than in most (g) industrial societies.
Comprehension Check: 1. True 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. False