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Spanish words

brave

Armada

caprice

Don

gazettes

Gallon

terrace

Infanta

revolt

Peso

comrade

Segnora

CHINESE

TURKISH

Tea

Coffee

BELGIUM/DUTCH WORDS

(connected with navigation)

WORDS WHICH CAME FROM INDIA

Cruise

Opal

Deck

Sapphire

Dock

Candy

Yacht

Sugar

Bungalow

Shampoo

ITALIAN

GERMAN LANGUAGES

colonnade

arrange

Garbage

citadel

await

Gay

concert

bacon

Guarantee

duet

balloon

Hobby

opera

blank

Hut

primadonna

blanket

March

solo

blue

Mushroom

tempo

boss

Range

violin

bottle

Rank

fresco

butcher

Rob

contraband

dance

Robe

traffic

fee

Saloon

franchise

Seize

freight

Slice

gaiety

Spy

gallant

Towel

Wait

FRENCH WORDS (̃≈3000 words)

military terms

different spheres

law terms

some vegetables/fruits

accompany

Aid

arrest

Cabbage

advance

Aim

client

Cauliflower

adventure

Cage

code

Lettuce

aggress

Card

condition

Onion

assault

Cause

court

Radish

battle

Cheat

crime

Violet

camp

Clear

debt

Cucumber

chief

Coast

deny

Lily

command

Crew

document

Palm

conquer

Cry

dungeon

Pine

defence

Dress

persecute

destroy

Face

prison

enemy

Fawn

punish

injury

Joy

quarrel

invade

Use

testify

invalid

verdict

rebel

rescue

revenge

rival

route

save

serve

stable

station

victory

voyage

SCANDINAVIAN LANGUAGES

nouns

verbs

adjectives

Pronouns (Danish language)

anger

harbour

awe

guess

big

Both

bag

husband

blend

happen

cosy

They

booth

kid

call

hit

flat

Them

cake

lass

cast

hurry

ill

Their

cart

leg

crash

jump

nasty

clown

lump

crawl

kick

odd

cub

lunch

cut

leak

shy

dairy

rug

dash

mistake

sight

egg

scalp

doze

scream

ugly

fellow

schooner

drag

shrug

fog

skirt

dwell

shuffle

gate

sky

fling

smile

gear

slang

gasp

struggle

gun

steak

gaze

take

window

get

want

glitter

welcome

CELTIC WORDS

Bald

bin

bog

gull

loop

penguin

shamrock

tall

twig

crowd

slogan

LATIN WORDS

arena marble

arch tile

belt chalk

castle basalt

cell altar

cheese candle

cook capitol

cup curate

mill major

pea pagan

pear pastor

street sacrament

villa temple

wall

wine

ABBREVIATIONS

A-Level –

Advanced Level

O-Level –

Ordinary Level

A.D. –

anno Domini

B.C. –

before Christ

a.m. –

ante meridiem

p.m. –

post meridiem

B&b (BB) –

bed and breakfast

A.P. –

Associated Press

APEC –

Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation

ASEAN –

Association of South East Asian Nations

B.A. –

Bachelor of Arts

B.D. –

Bachelor of Divinity

B.M. –

Bachelor of Music

B.S. –

Bachelor of Science

B.B.C. –

British Broadcasting Corporation

Br. –

brothers; brethren

BUP –

British United Press

C. –

Centigrade

CIA –

Central Intelligence Agency

(in the USA)

CID –

Criminal Investigation Department

COI –

Central Office of Information

Corp (CORP) –

Corporation

Co –

Company

d –

day, date

DPh, Dphil –

Doctor of Philosophy

DSc –

Doctor of Science

EEC –

European Economic Community

EFTA –

European Free Trade Association

Esq –

Esquire

ETA –

Estimated Time of Arrival

AGM –

Annual General Meeting

F –

Fahrenheit

FA –

Football Association

FBR –

Federal Bureau of Investigation

FIS –

Foreign Intelligence Service

FO –

Foreign Office

GCE –

General Certificate of Education

GHQ –

General Headquarters

GM –

General Manager

GMT –

Greenwich mean time

GP –

General practitioner

h&c –

hot and cold

HM –

his/her majesty

HRH –

his/her royal highness

Inc –

Incorporated

Is –

Islands

J.C. –

Jesus Christ

Jnr, Jr –

Junior

Ltd –

Limited

M –

Member

MP –

Member of Parliament

MS –

Master of Science

ML –

Master o Law

NAAFI –

Navy Army and Air-Force Institutes

NATO –

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

OPEC –

Oil Producing and Exporting Countries

OED –

Oxford English Dictionary

O.U. –

Oxford University

P., p –

Post

p. –

page; part; penny

RAF –

Royal Air Force

RC –

Red Cross

RM –

Royal Marine

RN –

Royal Navy

rd –

Road

rept –

Report

res –

Reserved

riv –

River

St –

saint; street

s –

Second

Sn –

Senior

sp. –

special; species; spelling

Str. –

strait; street

sup. –

Superior

sup. –

Supplement

T. –

Temperature

t –

time; temporary

TUC –

Trade Union Community

UN –

United Nations

VIP –

very important person

WC –

water closet

SYNONYMIC DOMINANTS

Dim, obscure, vague (a). Dim expresses a degree of darkness, it suggests just so much darkness that the things before one cannot be seen clearly.

Obscure is now more often than used in its figurative sense (denoting something the true meaning of which is not understandable) than in its literal sense, but is still employed when there is a suggestion of darkening by covering, concealment, overshadowing, e.g. The strange object looked obscure through the deep water.

Vague in its physical application denotes smth. which is lacking in distinct outlines, as the vague shape of a building or a tree in the distance.

Vague in its non-physical sense means knowledge, an idea, statement, answer, feeling, etc. lacking in clear definition either because it is too general or because it is not formulated clearly enough, e.g. He had got used to connecting her with a vague sense of the future.

We may have only a dim recollection of the appearance of a house, and only a vague idea of the district in which it is situated. A writer’s ideas may be so vague as to tend to become obscure to most of the readers.

To flash, to glitter, to twinkle, to flicker (v). Flash implies a sudden outburst of light or a sudden display of something that brilliantly reflects light.

Glitter refers to an unsteady emission of light caused by the reflection on transparent or bright bodies, thus a diamond glitters by the reflection on transparent or bright bodies, thus a diamond glitters by the reflection of the light on it. A person’s eyes may be said to glitter with fever, wickedness, greed, cunning, etc.

Twinkle suggests soft, faint and intermittent flashing, as the twinkling of the stars. A person’s eyes may be said to twinkle with amusement.

Flicker suggests a light moving with an unsteady and swift motion, swaying because of a sudden disturbance in the air, as the flicker of the candle.

To look, to stare, to gaze, to glare, to glance, to eye (v). Look is neutral and does not imply any particular aspects of the manner of watching; look n

Stare look steadily, with wide-open eyes, in surprise, curiosity or contempt. Stare may also denote the way of senseless looking devoid of any expression as stare into space; stare n.

Gaze implies a long and steady process of looking. It may be emotionally coloured: a person may gaze in wonder, tenderness, with interest, e.g. she was gazing at her baby; gaze n.

Glare look long, angrily or even fiercely; glare n.

Glance take a very quick look; glance n.

Eye watch very carefully, as to eye a person with suspicion.

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