- •New words
- •Lecture 1 exercise 1
- •Lecture 1 lexicology
- •Lecture 2 new words
- •Lecture 2 exercise 2
- •Lecture 2 formal and informal speech
- •Informal Style
- •Colloquial words
- •Dialect words
- •Lecture 3 new words
- •Lecture 3 exercise 3
- •Lecture 3 the origin of english words native words
- •Borrowings
- •Classification of borrowings according to the language from which they were borrowed. Romanic borrowings. Latin borrowings
- •French borrowings the influence of french on the english spelling
- •Italian borrowings
- •Germanic borrowings
- •Scandinavian borrowings
- •German borrowings
- •Dutch borrowings
- •Slavonic borrowings
- •Etymological doublets
- •International words
- •Lecture 4 new words
- •Lecture 4 exercise 4
- •Lecture 4 abbreviations
- •Graphical abbreviations
- •Initial abbreviations
- •Abbreviation of words
- •Lecture 5 new words
- •Lecture 5 exercise 5
- •Prefixation
- •Topics for discussion
- •Lecture 6 new words
- •Lecture 6 exercise 6
- •Lecture 6 semasiology
- •Word-meaning
- •Lexical meaning – notion
- •Polysemy
- •Types of semantic components
- •Topics for discussion
- •Lecture 7 new words
- •Lecture 7 exercise 7
- •Lecture 7 homonyms
- •Classification of homonyms
- •Synonyms
- •Antonyms
- •Topics for discussion
- •Lecture 8 new words
- •Lecture 8 exercise 8
- •Lecture 8 british and american english
- •Differences in spelling
- •Differences in pronunciation
- •Topics for discussion
- •Lecture 9 new words
- •Lecture 9 exercise 9
- •Lecture 9 classification of language units according to the period of time they live in the language
- •Archaisms and historisms
- •Neologisms
- •Semantic groups of neologisms
- •Ways of forming neologisms
- •Changes in pronunciation
- •Topics for discussion
- •Lecture 10 new words
- •Lecture 10
- •Lecture 10 phraseology
- •Ways of forming phraseological units
- •Semantic classification of phraseological units
- •Structural classification of phraseological units
- •Exercise 2
- •Borrowed words exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Abbreviations exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Affixation. Prefixation and suffixation exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Polisemy exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Homonyms. Synonyms. Antonyms exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6 Fill in the blanks with the right words and explain your choice:
- •1.There were a lot of skaters on the … ice of the bank. 2. The lightning … and
- •Exercise 8
- •Neologisms exercise 1
- •Phraseology exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Sources
- •Dictionaries
- •Contents
- •Borrowed words
- •Spanish words
PREFACE
The course of Lexicology is elaborated for the fourth and fifth years students of Pedagogical Universities, who study English as their key subject and calculated for 18 lectures and 20 seminars. It includes such aspects of work as lectures and plans of seminars which comprise the main themes of Modern English Lexicology. They are language units, wordbuilding, semantic changes, borrowings, abbreviations, semasiology, neology, phraseology. The material for seminars includes topics for discussion and argumentation. It also contains various terms and exercises which are tightly connected with the given themes. The exercises on word-structure will help students to get a better insight into the morphology and meaning of derivatives and compounds. Exercises on phraseology will provide sufficient material for the fundamental analysis of the most typical and common phraseological units in speech. They may be used at the lessons of written practise and translation. Lexical tasks for the detailed analysis are chosen mainly among all themes of the discipline.
There is also the brief list of additional literature sources in the end of the book.
The main purpose of the course is to help students to enlarge their vocabulary owing to different special terms, to teach them to recognize the origin of lexical units, to assist to guess the meaning of the words according to the context and to improve language skills.
LECTURE 1
New words
Read the words with their translations and then write them down into your vocabulary. Pay attention to the spelling of difficult words.
1) term |
[tE:m] |
термін |
2) linguistics |
[lIN'gwIstIks] |
лінгвістика, мовознавство |
3) feature |
['fi:Cq] |
риса, особливість |
4) to denote |
[dI'nqVt] |
вказувати, позначати |
5) syntactical function |
[sIn'txktIkl] |
синтаксична функція |
6) identical constituents |
[aI'dentIkl kqn'stItjVqnts] |
однакові компоненти |
7) to acquire |
[q'kwaIq] |
набувати |
8) inserted |
[In'sE:tId] |
вставлений, вкладений |
9) concept |
['kPnsqpt] |
значення |
10) an unknown |
["An'nqVn] |
невідома одиниця |
11) to extend |
[Ik'stend] |
подовжувати, розширяти |
12) a unit of speech |
['jHnIt] |
одиниця мовлення |
13) to perceive |
[pq'sJv] |
осягати, розрізнювати |
14) to observe |
[qb'zE:v] |
спостерігати, стежити |
15) unity |
['jHnqtI] |
сполучення, з’єднання |
16) a transferred meaning |
[trxns'fE:d] |
переносне значення |
17) linear |
['lInIq] |
подібний лінії, прямий, довгий |
Lecture 1 exercise 1
Read the sentences in English. Cover the left side of the page, translate the sentences into English and write them down.
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