3. Граматичний аспект заняття. Модальні дієслова. Can and could – могти, бути здатним, вміти

Приклад:

I can play the piano. – Я вмію грати на піаніно.

У теперішньому часі вживається:

■ can + infinitive (can do/can play/can come etc.):

positive and negative question

I/we/you/they can play. Wh can I/we/you/they do ?

he/she/it can' t (cannot)) come. he/she/it see ?

I can do something. = I know how to do it or it is possible for me to do it:

- I can play the piano. My brother can play the piano too. - Ann can speak Italian but she can't speak Spanish,

- 'Can you swim?! 'Yes, but not very well.'

- 'Can you change twenty pounds?' 'I'm sorry I can't.'

- Bill and Jenny can't come to the party next week.

У минулому часі (yesterday/last week etc.) вживається замість can (do) could (do), замість can't (do) couldn't (do)

- When I was young, I could run very fast.

- Before she came to Britain, she couldn't speak English. Now she can speak English very well,

- I was tired last night but I couldn't sleep.

- Bill and Jenny couldn't come to the party last week.

Can you ..,? or Could you ...? також вживаються, коли ми просимо людей щось зробити:

- 'Can (or Could) you open the door, please?' 'Yes, sure.'

- Can (or Could) you tell me the time, please?

Can I ...? вживається, якщо ми питаємо дозволу зробити щось звичайне і не обтяжить того, у кого ми цен питаємо:

- 'Tom, can I take your umbrella?' 'Yes, of course.'

- (on the phone) Hello. Can I speak to Gary, please?

Can I have ...? вживається для того, щоб попросити щось:

- (in a shop) Can I have these postcards, please?

Exercises

1.Complete these sentences. Use can or can't + one of these verbs:

come find hear see speak

1 I'm sorry, but we ...can't.come.. to your party next Saturday.

2 She got the job because she....................................five languages.

3 You are speaking very quietly. I....................................you.

4 Have you seen my bag? I....................................it.

5 I like this hotel room. You....................................the mountains from the window.

2.Complete these sentences. Use can't or couldn't + one of these verbs:

eat go go see sleep understand

1 I was tired but I couldn’t sleep…..

2 She spoke very quickly. I ........................................her.

3 His eyes are not very good. He........................................very well.

4 I wasn't hungry yesterday. I........................................my dinner.

5 He........................................ to the concert next Saturday. He's working. ;

6 He........................................to the meeting last week. He was ill.

4. Підведення підсумків заняття.

5. Домашнє завдання.