11. Complete the sentences:

1. The Morse Code is……….

2. The code was……….

3. This system became the first widespread method for…….

4. It soon gained………again.

5. The Morse code has been used for…….

12. Match the words with their definitions:

Code, telegraph, message, transmission, natation, ham radio

• is a set of written symbols that are used to represent a thought;

• a system of replacing the letters or words with other symbols so that noone understands;

• a piece of information that you send or leave for someone;

• is a system of sending messages over long distances by means of electrical or radio signals;

• to send radio messages using their own apparatus;

• passing or sending something to a different place or a person

TEXT B

1. Read and translate the text in a written form:

How is the Morse code used?

The way in which Morse code is transmitted is quite straightforward. For radio applications such as ham radio / amateur radio, all that is needed is a radio frequency signal that can be turned on and off. In view of the fact that generating the signal is relatively straightforward, this means that the transmitters can be made more easily than for some of the other types of transmission that are heard on the short wave bands. This makes Morse an ideal medium for use in ham radio or amateur radio for those people who like constructing their own equipment.

To receive the signal is a little more complicated. If the signal was received on an ordinary domestic radio, all that should be heard are clicks and plops as the signal turns on and off. To generate the characteristic Morse tone, the radio receiver must be equipped with a beat frequency oscillator (BFO). This generates a signal within the receiver that beats with the incoming signal to generate an audio tone that is associated with a Morse signal, and can also be easily read. Most radio receivers used in ham radio will have a BFO which can be used for receiving Morse code signals. If not specifically marked for Morse or CW, a position marked SSB is equally effective.

When transmitted, messages can be sent relatively quickly using the various sets of abbreviations available to ham radio and other radio communications operators. With operators commonly able to send at speeds of 20 words a minute and more, it is possible to communicate effectively and quickly using the Morse code.

Advantages of the Morse code

The two main advantages of Morse are its simplicity, and the narrow bandwidth it uses. It simplicity gives it a number of advantages. The first has already been mentioned and is its simplicity. The overall equipment required for transmitting and receiving Morse code is relatively straightforward and this makes it ideal for ham radio constructors. Simple ham radio transmitters consisting of just a few transistors can be built and used to make contacts with ham radio stations all around the globe.

Other advantages also lie in the simplicity and elegance of this mode of transmission. The rate at which signalling is performed is relatively low and this means that it occupies only a small bandwidth. This gives two advantages. The first is that a large number of stations can occupy a small section of the band, and secondly narrow filters can be used to reduce the level of background noise and interference. Coupled to this the human brain can read Morse signals when they are lower than the surrounding noise level. As a result it is possible to copy a Morse signal at a lower strength than any other form of transmission.

Morse code as an assistive technology

Morse code has been employed as an assistive technology, helping people with a variety of disabilities to communicate. Morse can be sent by persons with severe motion disabilities, as long as they have some minimal motor control. In some cases this means alternately blowing into and sucking on a plastic tube ("puff and sip" interface). People with severe motion disabilities in addition to sensory disabilities (e.g. people who are also deaf or blind) can receive Morse through a skin buzzer.

2. Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.

TEXT C

1. Mind the following words:

1. ham radio – радіо-аматорський зв'язок

2. decipher – розшифровка

3. concisely – коротко, лаконічно

4. argue - сперечатись

5. value - значення

2. Listen to the text “Using the Morse code” and try to understand it.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is Morse Code made of?

2. What can it cause for a newcomer?

3. When does it become easy to use the Morse Code?

4. What advantage does a sender have while using the Code?

5. Could it be argued that The Morse Code was an advance in technology?