3. Translate the following phrases:

A low-powered device, a digital alarm clock, central heating system, a water heater, an entertainment device, multimedia system.

4. Match the words and word combinations with their translation:

1. power a) винайдений

2. silicon chip b) посудомийна машина

3. increase c) енергія

4. dishwasher d) кременевий чіп

5. to be found e) керований комп’ютером

6. computer controlled f) зріст

5. Answer the questions to the text:

1. When did electronics begin as a science?

2. What is connected with the beginning of electronics?

3. What device was invented in 1947?

4. What led to a great increase in the use of electronics in the home?

5. Where is electronics applied nowadays?

6. Fill in the gaps in this table with the help of the text:

DATE INVENTION APPLICATION IN THE HOME

early 20^th century _____________ ____________________________

______________ transistor ____________________________

1958 _____________ automatic washing machine

future _______________ ____________________________

7. Use the space below to make a list of ways you think electronics may be used in the home in the future.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TEXT B

1. Read and translate the text in a written form: microelectronics

Thomas Edison's discovery of thermionic emission opened the door to electronic technology. Progress was slow in the beginning, but each year brought new and more amazing discoveries. The development of vacuum tubes soon led to the simple radio. Then more complex systems of communications appeared. Modern systems now allow us to communicate with other parts of the world via satellite. Data is now collected from space by probes without the presence of man because of microelectronic technology.

Sophisticated control systems allow us to operate equipment by remote control in hazardous situations, such as the handling of radioactive materials. We can remotely pilot aircraft from takeoff to landing. We can make course corrections to spacecraft millions of miles from Earth. Space flight, computers, and even video games would not be possible except for the advances made in microelectronics.

 The most significant step in modern electronics was the development of the transistor by Bell Laboratories in 1948. This development was to solid-state electronics what the Edison Effect was to the vacuum tube. The solid-state diode and the transistor opened the door to microelectronics.

 Microelectronics is defined as that area of technology associated with and applied to the realization of electronic systems made of extremely small electronic parts or elements. The term microelectronics is normally associated with integrated circuits (IC). Microelectronics is often thought to include only integrated circuits. However, many other types of circuits also fall into the microelectronics category.

 During World War II, the need to reduce the size, weight, and power of military electronic systems became important because of the increased use of these systems. As systems became more complex, their size, weight, and power requirements rapidly increased. The increases finally reached a point that was unacceptable, especially in aircraft and for infantry personnel who carried equipment in combat. These unacceptable factors were the driving force in the development of smaller, lighter, and more efficient electronic circuit components. Such requirements continue to be important factors in the development of new systems, both for military and commercial markets. Military electronic systems, for example, continue to become more highly developed as their capability, reliability, and maintainability is increased.

2. Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.

TEXT C

1. Mind the following words:

1. to estimate - оцінювати

2. a buzz - гудіння

3. sheer number - похибка

4. to draw power – споживати енергію

5. apparently - ймовірно

6. to eliminate – виключати, видаляти

7. wall socket – настінна розетка

2. Listen to the text “Electronics in the home“and try to understand it.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What consumes the vast amount of electricity?

2. Why do small energy users consume a lot of power?

3. How can we save energy at home?

4. Why do electronic devices continue to draw energy while they are turned off?

5. What is the simplest way to eliminate power losses?