УФИМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НЕФТЯНОЙ

ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

Октябрьский филиал

Кафедра гуманитарных и социально-экономических наук

Учебно-методическое пособие

По курсу: «Иностранный язык»

для внеаудиторного чтения

«Основы геологии нефти. Методы бурения»

Октябрьский 2003

Данная разработка содержит специальные тексты со словарем для самостоятельной работы студентов всех специальностей (ГР,МП,НД)

Составил Павлова И.В. и Муталова С.Р. ст.преподаватель

Рецензент Фазуллина И.Ф. ст. преподаватель

© Октябрьский филиал Уфимского государственного нефтяного технического университета, 2003

Unit l

I Learn the words:

1. Petroleum /pəˈtrəʊlɪəm/ , oil /ɔɪl/ - нефть, нефтяной

2. Geology /dʒɪˈɒlədʒɪ/ - геология

3. to encounter- встречаться, сталкиваться с

4. scientist - ученый

5. distribution - распределение, распространение

6. property - свойство

7. origin - происхождение

8. accumulation - накопление

9. reservoir rocks - коллекторские породы

10. discovery - открытие, обнаружение

11. valuation - оценка

12. decade - десятилетие

13. surface - поверхность

14. change - изменение, изменять

15. oil- field - нефтяное месторождение

16. technique - технология, технический прием

17. use - применение, польза, использовать

18. data - данные

19. exploration - исследование, разведка

20. well - скважина, колодец

21. to determine - определять

22. to depend on - зависеть от

23. shale - сланец

24. coal - уголь

25. deposit - отложение, залежь

26. sedimentary - осадочный

27. to contain - содержать, вмещать

28. environs - окрестности, окружение

29. to penetrate - проникать, проходить вглубь

30. sample - образец

II Translate the text: Work of the Petroleum Geologist

Petroleum geology deals with many problems encountered by geologists and other scientists in their study of petroleum. Among them are geographic and stratigraphic distribution, chemical and physical properties, origin, migration, accumulation, reservoir rocks, structure, methods of discovery, and valuation of oil and gas properties.

For more than two decades after petroleum geologists became actively engaged in geological work their most important work was that of general reconnaissance of the surface and detailed surface mapping. Since 1920 there has been a progressive change from the relatively simple surface mapping methods of oil-field discovery to more specialized techniques which employ the use of geology, geophysics, and chemistry.

Many geologists are now well trained specialists in the interpretation of data furnished by the different types of exploration, such as geophysics and geochemistry, and by the drilling of many wells. The petroleum geologist of today may devote all his time to the examination of well samples in order to make stratigraphic well logs. Or he may be a specialist in micropaleontology and study fossils found in well samples and cores to determine the relative ages of the formations penetrated. He may be a subsurface geologist who correlates sample and electric logs and uses paleontological data in the construction of subsurface structure maps, paleogeographic maps, and isopachous maps.

Some petroleum geologists are specialists in the interpretation of geophysical data furnished by field crews. Others are geological observers and geophysical crews in the field, and some are well-trained geophysicists. Many geologists direct the drilling and coring programme of field wells.

The future of the petroleum geologist depends on his ability to discover new oil and gas fields more economically than oil and gas can be extracted from coal and oil shale. He has been successful in the past, and the demand for his services will become greater in the future. In order to keep pace with increasing difficulties involved in the discovery of new reserves, the petroleum geologist will have to have a more detailed knowledge of stratigraphy, sedimentation, geologic history, geologic and physiographic processes, and structural geology.