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1.Providing this project were realized, the new train would run through huge tubes at twenty times the speed of sound by means of magnetic driver.

2.Ships will pass through two deep-water channels which are located on each side of the island.

3.Most of the information we get about other galaxies comes through the radio-telescope.

4.They’ve got good results through many experiments.

5.He looked out through the window.

6.Government is the mechanism through which public will is expressed.

throughout

1.The amount of information will gradually be reduced throughout the whole

process.

2.T.E. Edison (1847-1931) well-known throughout the world, began to experiment when he was ten or eleven years old, his inclination being towards chemistry.

3.The weather was good throughout.

thorough

4.The function of the University is to give specialized training of a high degree, and the carriculum is arranged to give thorough knowledge and form education in its broadest sense.

5.You need thorough knowledge in this field.

6.Newton began his higher education with Aristotel’s work, he also had thoroughly mastered the works of the French philosophers.

7.A thorough analysis of the experiment has revealed some mistakes.

though, although

8.He looked at me as though he were surprised to see me.

9.Although he is nearly seventy, he still likes to play sports.

10.Although the new method can be used to study these systems we shall use the old ones.

11.But the tables (таблицы) though filled up, were to be extended by additional of other elements unpredicted by Mendeleev.

12.Primitive men, though they might have enjoyed the beauty of virgin nature had to live in caves.

hard, hardly

13.Studying is hard work; a student must work hard.

14.We can hardly read notes written with a hard pencil.

15.Those were hard years.

16.He is a hard father; he’s hard (strict) on his son.

17.I can hardly believe it.

the former, the latter

18. The latter procedure is much more complicated than the former one.

19.This latter case is considerably more difficult to represent, since all subcomponents of a programme will need to be activated.

20.At present there exist lasers of various sizes, big and small, the latter being widely employed in various branches of our industry.

21.In mechanics we are interested in two kinds of energy, namely, kinetic energy and potential energy, the latter being the energy of position, while the former being the energy of motion.

22.Physics is divided very naturally into two great branches, experimental and theoretical physics; the task of the former is to make observations and carry out experiments.

23.The former president was a very talanted politician.

24.Of the two routes (roads ) the former is shorter.

too

25.This task is too urgent.

26.The Navy was too new, too small and not experienced enough to resist the enemy’s fleet.

27.Economists too, have come to a similar point of view.

28.He lived in Russia and in France too.

XIV. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные функции местоимения «it» и слов:

1. to follow – следовать за; следить за; использовать (метод, теорию); придерживаться чего-либо;

2.following – следующий за; использующий;

3.followed by – за которым следует; с последующим.

1.It is Monday today; it’s 10 a.m.; it’s too cold outside.

2.It has been very cold for a few days.

3.If the growth of the population actually happens, it means that in the next 70 years we will have to provide as many goods, houses, roads, schools and other facilities as we have already produced in our previous years of existence.

4.It has been raining since early morning.

5.It was not easy to answer such a difficult question.

6.It will be interesting to watch this device in action; it’s quite a new device.

7.It will do harm to a lot of people.

8.It has become necessary to look through a special literature.

9.I like it, because it is interesting, important and necessary.

10.It look them half an hour to make a decision.

11.It takes less time to do it right than it does to explain why you did it wrong.

12.Since the time of its errection the Tower of London has served many purposes; first it was a king’s palace, a fortress, a political prison, a mint place and now it is a museum.

13.It was no use trying to minimize the importance of the discovery.

14.I made it a rule for myself to come on time.

15.He was quite right when he tried to do it himself.

16.It should be noted that it was A. Popov who invented radio; now it is a widely used means of mass media.

17.It is known that he is a well-known mathematician.

18.It is precisely in meteorites that there was first found a mineral which they commonly posses.

19.It is because of work of this standard that in the short period he has been in business he has made about £9,000; with it he has bought more equipment.

20.It was only a year ago, that he decided to get serious about computing.

21.Once an agreement was reached, it was to be kept, and the villagers, who gottheir land from the landlord were not free to leave it without permission.

22.It was Nikolai-Garin Mikhailovsky who in 1893 headed a survey party and chose the site for a railway bridge to cross the river Ob.

follow

1.You will all have to follow him, the youngest as well as the oldest.

2.This follows from their decision.

3.One misfortune followed another.

4.They followed their own policy.

5.We followed some of their procedures.

6.Events followed in quick succession.

7.We must follow the job through (доводить дело до конца).

8.He followed (унаследовать) his father as head gardener.

9.I always follow the home and international affairs.

10.The police are following up this information.

11.Data analysis follows data gathering.

12.The report followed by a discussion showed the importance of this problem.

13.The procedure followed by this investigator was proposed by Smith.

14.The scientist following this technique investigated some phenomena of radioactivity.

15.The lecture will be followed by an experiment.

16.You have to look through the following documents.

17.Following these early discoveries, a great many alloys have been discovered.

18.Feudalism as a system was followed by capitalism.

6. СВОДНЫЕ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ ТАБЛИЦЫ

Три основные формы глагола to be – быть или являться кем-то (чем-то), находиться где-то

Форма

Спряжение глагола to be

Таблица производных слов от some, any, no, every

ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий

1. Односложные прилагательные

2. Многосложные прилагательные

3. Прилагательные и наречия, образующие степени сравнения от разных основ

ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ Количественные и порядковые числительные

Суффиксы количественных и порядковых числительных:

-teen – соответствует русскому -надцать, второй десяток до 20 (кроме 11 – eleven, 12 – twelve). При чтении этих числительных следует делать два ударения – на основе и суффиксе, например:

fourteen [´fכ:´ti:n]; sixteen [´siks´ti:n]; seventeen [´seven´ti:n]; eighteen [´ei´ti:n]; nineteen [´nain´ti:n].

-ty – соответствует русскому -дцать, обозначает десятки до 100. При чтении этих числительных следует делать только одно ударение – на основе,

-th [θ] – используется для образования порядковых числительных (кроме: the first – первый, the second – второй, the third – третий). Надо помнить, что перед порядковыми числительными употребляется определенный артикль: the seventh – седьмой, the eighth – восьмой.

В порядковых многозначных числительных суф. -th [θ] присоединяется к последней цифре, например: the one hundred and twenty-fifth – сто двадцать

пятый.

Дробные числительные

1. В простых дробях числитель выражается количественным числительным, а знаменатель – порядковым числительным. Например: 1/3 – (a) one third.

Таблица времен Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect The Active Voice (действительный залог)

i.(emphatic).

i.(emphatic)

i.dare fly.

23.OUGHT She ought to learn. She oughtn’t to learn. Ought she to learn?