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GLOSSARY OF TRANSPORT TERMS

Carriage: The word is used for inland transport and freight (

', - ).

Charges: The price for services; also expenses, coasts ( - , ').

Freight ( - , ' '): The word is used for cost of transport both inland and foreign, also to mean the goods transported; freight

26

train, air freight. Deadfreight is the cost of space booked but not used (

- ).

Lighterage: Charge made for transporting goods by lighter or barge ( - ).

Portage: Cost of hand transport, by porter ( ' '

), '").

Tally: the record or list of cargo loaded of discharged ("/"

'): it is checked by a tally clerk, therefore to tally means to be correct ( , - ).

Coaster: A ship on the coastal trade only ( ).

Craft: Any kind of ship but usually means a small vessel (* ). Lighter ( - ). Used in shipping for barges ( ): cargo-carrying vessels on rivers and canals; lighterman is the name for the owner of lighters or the man in

charge of a lighter (+ - ).

Motor-ship: A vessel driven by a motor ( - ).

Steamer, steamship: A vessel driven by steam power ( - ).

Tanker: A ship that carriers bulk liquids, chiefly oil; the name is used also for road and rail vehicles the carry oil and bulk liquids ( ).

Tug: a small but powerful vessel that is used for towing ( ) other ships, either large or small (the word used as a verb means to pull hard) ( ).

DOCK TERMS

Berth ( , "): A place at the quay, jetty or dockside where the ship may load, discharge or lie; the verb is to berth ( ).

Crane, derrick: Names used for lifting machinery in docks and on ships; also hoist and tackle ( - ; 6 ).

Quay: The dockside where ships berth and goods are loaded or discharged (", , ").

Shed, store ( , ): The building where the goods are kept (stored) before loading of after discharge; transit shed for goods to be transported to another place, refrigerator store for the storage of perishable goods.

Wharf, wharves: Another name for a quay or quays, also including shed or sheds, etc. ( , "). Wharfage is the charge for storing ( '

' ").

VOCABULARY

CHAPTER 2

LOADING AND UNLOADING OPERATIONS

COMMERCIAL PORT OF VLADIVOSTOK

The Commercial Port of Vladivostok came into existence on March 31, 1895.The emergence of the Port gave a start to Russian merchant ships’ exploring the sea routes towards Japan, Korea, China, America, Australia and other Pacific Rim countries.

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In 1920s, eight berths were built on Egersheld Peninsula, with warehouses and rail tracks. 8 floating cranes , 29 rail-mounted cranes as well as bulk loading conveyor belts were added to the Port’s equipments, and new bagged cargo handling lines were installed.

The 1956 was the year of major renovations, as the Port began introducing unitized cargo and container loading techniques. In 1960s, a new port area was completed, which comprised a modern passenger station, 10 deep-draft berths with extensive equipment and facilities, rail lines and a newly-built roadway. The Port has been continually improving its facilities and services.

The Commercial Port of Vladivostok is one of the City’s most longestablished businesses, the Port is among the largest on the Russia’s Pacific Coast. It spans the Golden Horn Bay shore from the downtown to the strait of the world. The Port is the principal transshipment point for the goods to be forwarded to Sakhalin, Magadan, Kamchatka and Yakutia.

The port is navigable round the year. The ice, that may be encountered during December to March, will not impede vessel traffic as the ice-breaker service is readily available. The depths on the roads average from 20 to 33 meters.

The Port has been specializing in general and bulk cargo handling. The annual cargo turnover is in excess of 5 million tons. The Port operates 16 wharves with total berthing space of 4190 meters. An extensive park of transloading equipment comprises portal cranes of 5 – to 32 – ton capacity, truck lifts and electric loaders of various capacity truck-mounted and floating cranes of up to 50 – and 100 – ton lifting capacity respectively.

The Port operates a modern container terminal which helps to accelerate shipment of various cargoes to the northeastern region of Russia and SEA countries. Annually, 70 thousand containers move across the 303-meter terminal. It is equipped with 30.5-ton portainers, 25-ton transtainers, SISU tractors, forklift trucks and electric loaders of various capacity. A wide range of equipment and storage facilities are available for handling a variety of conventional type general cargo including machinery, metal products, cargo in cases, bags or LASH cargo.

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