Савчук. Foreign trade

123

quay or into lighters and/or to convey the goods while loading and discharging on auxiliary craft.

The carrier is also at liberty to transfer the goods to ships belonging to other owners or to forward them by other means of transport, the provisions and clauses of this Bill of Lading remaining valid for the whole voyage.

24.Refrigerated goods are not received for shipment and carriage unless the ship holds the classification of the Register of the Russian Federation. The existence of such class at the time of shipment shall be deemed to be final and complete evidence as against the shipper and receiver of goods and any holder of the Bill of Lading that the ship, her engines and machinery, refrigerating machinery, spare gear and equipment, insulation fitting and stores, both at the time of loading and during every stage of the voyage, were in every respect in a fit and seaworthy condition. The existence of such class shall also be deemed to satisfy and discharge any obligation or warranty expressed or implied under this Bill of Lading as to provision of a seaworthy and fit ship for the whole voyage.

25.General average shall be adjusted according to York-Antwerp Rules, 1950, and the average adjustment shall be prepared in the Russian Federation.

26.All claims and disputes arising under and in connection with this Bill of Lading shall be judged in the USSR.

27.All questions and disputes not mentioned in this Bill of Lading shall be determined according to the Merchant Shipping Code of the Russian Federation.

Answer the following questions:

1.What shipping documents do you know?

2.What is a B/L?

3.What are the functions of the B/L?

4.What does a commercial invoice show?

5.What are the functions of the commercial invoice?

6.What does an Air Waybill show?

7.What are the functions of the Air Waybill?

8.What is Clean B/L?

9.What is a Packing List?

10.What does back of the B/L have on it?

124

BUSINESS TALKS

Act as an interpreter:

A: % ' ( 4 – "

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#: These shipping documents are Charter Party, Bill of Lading, Cargo Manifest, Mate’s Receipt, Cargo Plan etc.

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#: Charter Party is an agreement between Shipowners and Charterers on the carriage of goods. All the conditions of reception, carriage and delivery of goods are included in this document.

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#: You are right.

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#: When goods are shipped, the Master of the ship signs a Bill of Lading, which is a receipt acknowledging the shipment of goods. The Bill of Lading is not only a receipt for the goods shipped, but also a document of title.

A: 0 ?

#: Manifest of Cargo is a document which contains complete specifications of the goods loaded by a ship. It is usually drawn up by the agents in the ports of loading, based upon the Bills of Lading. By the way, do you know when the freight is paid?

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125

#: Yes, Charter Party provides for the time of loading and discharge. This time is called lay days or lay hours (for tankers) or, in general, lay time. The lay time is calculated on the basis of average rate of loading and discharging.

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