donchenko_angliyska_ddlya_psikhologiv_i_sotsiologiv

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25.After walking for 6 hours we were so … that we couldn't go on.

26.I always feel ... when I look down from the top of a high building.

IV. Choose the answer. Choose the correct answer for each of the following:

1. If a person is conceited, he or she is ... .

c)big-headed

2.What is the opposite of «rude»?

c)clean

3.To be «broken» is ... .

c)to be without money

4.Which of these words means «hard-working»?

V. Choose the word. Choose the word which best completes each sentence.

1. He is always telling me what to do. He is so ... .

a) cruel b) bossy c) helpful d) charming

2. He wants to get to the top before he is thirty. He is very ... .

a) tall b) ambitious c) intelligent

d)industrial

3.John always arrives on time. He is so ... .

4.I was very ... for all the advice she gave me. a) glad b) grateful c) in debt d) pleased

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VI. Opposites — adjectives. Find the opposites of the words on the left. Choose from the ones on the right.

Number 1 has been done for you:

VII. Synonyms - adjectives. Give a synonym for each of the words in brackets in the following sentences. Choose them from the ones below:

1.He was one of the most (good-looking) men she had ever seen.

2.We had a really (pleasant) time in Brighton last week.

3.David is always telling people how good he is at everything. He is so (conceited).

4.The play last night was (terrible). At least half the audience walked out in the middle of it.

5.There is something very (peculiar) about Mr. Brown's behaviour today. Didn't you notice?

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6.Have you seen James and Sally's new house? It's really (huge).

7.He won't take my advice. He is so (stubborn).

8.I was always very (shy) as a child and hated going to parties or meeting new people.

9.My son loves school. In fact, in some ways he is too (enthusiastic), I mean, it's the only thing he ever talks about.

10.I think Martha is going to have a lot of problems with her children. They are so (rude) to everyone.

11.You must read this story - it's quite (incredible)!

12.Hard work and ambition are (essential) if you want to get on life.

VIII. Definitions — types of people. Fill in the missing words in the definitions below. Choose from the following:

A/an ... person is someone who has a variety of skills and abilities and who is able to change easily from one sort of activity to another.

A/an ... person is someone who is very friendly and fond of eating, drinking and good company.

A/an ... person is who is very generous towards other people. '1. A/an ... person is someone who always wants more than his or her fair share of something - especially food, money or power. 5. A/an ... person is someone who is easily taken in or tricked by others.

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6.A/an ... person is someone who believes that the sex he or she belongs to (male or female) is better than the opposite sex in all ways.

7.A/an ... person is someone who is unable to read or write.

8.A/an ... person is someone who is fluent in two languages.

9.A/an ... person is someone who seems to have so much energy that he or she never tires.

10.A/an ... person is someone who has studied a lot and is very knowledgeable.

11.A/an person is someone who is able to make clever, witty and entertaining remarks in conversation.

12.A/an ... person is someone (usually a woman) who is full of life.

IX. Test yourself.

1.You hear an indistinct miaow. Without looking around,

how well can you place the cat?

a) If you think about it, you can point to it. b) You can point straight to it.

c)You don't know if you can point to it.

2.How good are you at remembering a song you have just

heard?

a) You find it easy, and you can sing the part of it in tune. b) You can do it only if it's simple and rhythmical.

c)You find it difficult.

3.A person you have met a few times telephones you. How easy is it for you to recognize that voice in a few seconds before the person identifies himself?

a) You find it quite easy.

c)You recognize the voice at least half the time.

b) You recognize the voice less than half the time.

4. You are with a group of married friends. Two of them are having an affair. Would you detect this?

a)Nearly always.

b)Half the time.

c)Seldom.

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5. You are introduced to five strangers at a large social gathering. If the names are mentioned the following day, how easy is it for you to picture their faces?

a)You remember most of them.

b)You remember a few of them.

c)You seldom remember any of them.

6. In your early school days, how easy was spelling and writing the essays?

a)Both were quite easy.

b)One was easy.

c)Neither was easy.

7. You spot a parking place, but you need to reverse into it - and it's going to be a fairly tight squeeze.

a)You look for another place.

b)You back into it — carefully.

c)You reverse into it without much thought.

a)You're unlucky to know.

b)You're not sure but given a moment you can work it out.

c)You point north.

9. You're in a dentist's waiting room. How close can you sit to people of the same sex as yourself without feeling uncomfortable?

a)Less than six inches.

b)Six inches to two feet.

c)More than two feet.

10. You're visiting your new neighbour, and the two of you are talking. There is a tap dripping in the background. Otherwise the room is quiet.

a) You notice the dripping sound immediately and try to ignore it.

b)If you notice it, you probably mention it.

c)It doesn't bother you at all.

Scoring the test: Males:

For each (a) answer, score 10 points.

For each (b) answer, score 5 points.

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For each (c) answer, score minus 5 points.

Females:

For each (a) answer, score 15 points.

For each (b) answer, score 5 points.

For each (c) answer, score minus 5 points.

Unanswered questions for both sexes count as 5 points. Most males will score between 0 and 60, female between 50

and 100. The overlap-scores between 50 and 60 indicate a slight compatibility between the sexes.

Male scores above 60 may show a bias to female mental attributes. Females who score below 50 may show a brain bias to the male thought processes.

X. Describing people. Character and personality.

Match the following adjectives 1-20 with the correct meanings a-t to form complete sentences.

without worrying or caring about how they feel

9.conceited i) are very clever and learn things quickly

10.confidentj) hate having to wait for things and are not very tolerant of other people weaknesses

11.creative k) are very interested and excited about something and this shows in the way we talk or behave

original ideas and things

20. narrow-minded t) are shy and feel uncomfortable in social situations

XI. Develop the following situations:

1. You are writing a paper on the theme: «Major Personality Characteristics». You experience some hardships in your research. You come to your scientific advisor to receive some explanations.

Ask him:

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-if it is a correct trend to divide all people into extroverts and introverts;

-what is meant by personality traits;

-what he thinks whether a personality formation is genetically predisposed;

-what role the family plays in shaping a personality;

-how a social setting influences the personality development;

-at what age the personality character is formed.

2.Your friend is sure that our mood and emotional state depend on the weather and horoscope forecasts. You are not inclined to believe in astrology but still you ask some questions on the subject.

Ask him:

- what his sign of zodiac is;

- what positive characteristics his star sign supposes; - whom he is like in character: his mother or father;

- if he has got any negative traits;

- if he believes in horoscope forecasts partly or completely; - what he does to match his star sign.

3.You are making up a questionnaire in order to find out basic personality characteristics and categorize them.

Ask your respondent:

- how he feels in an unfamiliar situation; - what helps him feel at ease;

- in what situation he feels shy and worried;

-what he considers to be the necessary qualities to feel comfortable everywhere;

-if he can describe the most pleasant situation in his life;

-what he experiences seeing beggars in the streets.

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4. Your friend has just come from England. He had a chance to study there for three weeks. He spoke with a number of the British people noted for their peculiar features. You are eager to receive information first-hand.

Ask him:

-how he would characterize the English as a separate nation;

-if they are as reserved as they seem to be;

-what relationships exist between different generations;

-what are the most distinctive features of their character;

-in what dwellings the British people live;

-why they prefer to live in cottages.

Text I

I. Read the text and answer the following questions:

1.What should we do to balance our emotions, to keep quiet?

2.What is the most important thing we can do according to the text?

3.What phrases are often used in the people's intercourse in the USA?

Don't Worry! Cheer Up!

We say all these things to balance our emotions and gain strength. But it is not as easy as it seems. So, what's the answer? We cannot go and live on a desert island. There are lots of things we can do of course. We can take more exercise. We can eat less, smoke less, we can have a well-organized rest.

But perhaps the most important thing we can do is to learn to relax. Stress grows very slowly. It is made up of all the little things that make us tense, day after day, year after year. Every time we relax, every time we put our feet up, every time we have

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a cup of tea and a chat with an old friend we take away some of the tension that causes stress.

Americans worry about relaxing. They take classes to learn how to relax. They read books that tell them how to «take it easy». Relaxing is a multidollar industry in the USA. So, why not master this skill and do it on your own (without paying much money)?

But before your start, think of what doctors say nowadays, «Too much relaxation is bad for you too».

Answer: In what way do you understand the term

«Relaxation»?

II. Read the recommendations given by the psychologist and take them into consideration:

«What Are The Ways To Prevent Tiredness?»

1.Rest before you get tired (not after).

2.Learn to relax. If you're having a tough time, find a quiet half an hour all to yourself to gain strength and balance.

3.Don't forget about four good working habits:

a)Clear your desk of all papers except those you need closely at hand.

b)Do things in order of their importance.

c)When you face a problem, first analyze the facts to make a decision.

4.Put enthusiasm into your work, it is the only way to enjoy what you are doing.

5.Remember, no one was ever killed by doing well-organized work (The busiest man finds the most leisure).

6.Don't be a mental loafer. Don't be afraid to concentrate on some ideas, to think hard and to exercise your will and memory.

7.Don't forget about good manners, avoid getting hot-tempered.

8.Take time to get the facts before you act.