2.2. A. Измените в предложении позицию косвенного дополнения по образцу и обратите внимание на появление предлога.

кому? что?

1. He gave the boy a book.→

кому?

2. He gave a book to the boy.

3. We showed him a letter.

4. I sold the women roses.

5. He sent them e- cards.

6. In Japan the women send the men chocolates.

б. Поставьте дополнения в предложении в правильном порядке. Обратите внимание, что возможны два варианта.

1.He bought (a flower, his mother)

кому? что?

He bought his mother a flower.

что? кому?

He bought a flower to his mother.

2. Show (me, your verses).

3. I gаve (Valentine’s card, her).

4. Police sent (such cards, criminals).

5. She often buys (chocolate, her child).

2.3. A. Назовите три случая, когда употребление дополнения, отвечающего на вопрос кому?, является обязательным с предлогом.

1. I explained this tradition to him.

2. He wrote love poems to his wife.

3. I read the interesting book to my child.

4. They often sent it to the men.

5. We showed them to our friends.

6. Police sent Valentine's cards to criminals who failed to appear in court.

б. Поставьте в нижеприведенных предложениях перед косвенным дополнением частицу to, где необходимо.

1. I have told this……you.

2. She left…..him a note.

3. We sent ….our friends a greeting card yesterday.

4. I showed my verses…..my friend.

Задание 3.

3.1. На какие вопросы отвечают выделенные в предложениях слова

(предложенные дополнения). Определите их место в предложении, и чем они выражены.

1. You can forget about them. – мест. с предлогом после глагола

2. I don’t agree with you.

3. He paid a lot of money for flowers.

4. Couples show their love for each other by sending cards.

5. Tell me about the origin of Valentine’s Day.

6. I spent a large sum on chocolates.

7. Technological developments have also played their part in keeping Valentines Day.

8. He was surprised at this tradition.

3.2. Измените предложения по образцу. Проанализируйте дополнение действительного и страдательного оборота.

действ. оборот страдат. оборот

1. My mum visits her every day. → She is visited by my mum every day.

2. She paid for flowers.→ Flowers were paid by her.

3. He sold roses worldwide.→

4. They write love poems.→

5. People celebrate Valentine's Day in many countries.→

6. Hackers spread them easily.→

Задание 4.

Переведите нижеследующие предложения на русский язык и объясните функцию формального дополнения it.

1. I find it difficult to live in a place like that.

2. I think it normal to send chocolates to the man.

3. I consider it obvious that she needed more care.

4. I find it important to know these traditions.

Задание 5.

а. Определите, в каком предложении вопрос задан к подлежащему, а в каком-к дополнению.

1. Who congratulated you yesterday?

2. Who(m) did you congratulate yesterday?

3. What contained important information?

4. What did those cards contain?

5. Who(m) do you send e-cards?

6. Who sends e-cards to you?

7. What does a hacker use?

8. What uses a lot of electricity?

б. Задайте вопросы к прямому дополнению, используя What или Which (выбор из ограниченного количества).

1. (Do you play tennis, golf, football or...?)

What (sport) do you play?

2. (Did you buy Time magazine or Computer magazine?)

Which (magazine) did you buy?

3. (Did you send him the card or the letter?)

Wh.................

4. (Do you like tea, coffee, juice or...?)

Wh............

5. (Did you see the comedy or horror film?)

Wh............

6. (Do you like classical music, jazz, rock music or...?)

Wh............

в. Задайте вопросы к выделенным косвенным дополнениям.

1. We showed him a letter.→

2. Whom did we show a letter?

3. He often tells us about the traditions.→

4. About what does he often tell us?

5. What does he often tell us about?

6. She paid him a parking fine.

7. Police sent Valentine's cards to criminals.

8. I usually spend a large sum on chocolates.

9. Viruses and spyware are spread by hackers.

10. He wrote love poems to his wife.

11. You can forget about it.