Сложное подлежащее (именительный падеж с инфинитивом)

He is said to study at the University. Говорят, что он учится в университете. Books by Conan Doyle are known to have been translated in our country. Известно, что книги Конана Дойля переведены в нашей стране. This case is unlikely to be investigated quickly. Маловероятно, что это дело будет расследовано быстро. He seems to be investigating that complicated case. Кажется, он расследует то сложное дело.

Задание 37. Переведите предложения с Complex Subject:

1. That evidence proved to be very important.

2. Our laws are known to protect the interests of all the people.

3. He was expected to arrive in the morning.

4. That investigator is considered to be an experienced lawyer.

5. The British Constitution is considered to be unwritten because it is not codified as a whole in any particular document.

6. The police officer happened to be present at the crime scene at the moment of the commission of the offence.

7. Criminality is considered to be a social phenomenon.

8. The investigator is expected to solve the crime quickly.

9. The criminal investigation department is considered to be one of the most complicated militia services.

For + NOUN + the infinitive
The Bill was too complicated and intricate for Parliament to approve it after the first reading.	Законопроект был слишком сложным и запутанным для того, чтобы Парламент утвердил (одобрил) его в первом чтении.

Задание 38. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на конструкцию “for Phrase”:

1. The matter was too difficult for the solicitor to clarify it within a day.

2. The judge announced the sentence for the paper correspondents to hear him.

3. The matter, examined in court, was too difficult for the jury to reach their verdict unanimously.

4. The policeman let the person go for him not to break the curfew (комендантский час).

5. The judge waited for the policeman to close the door.

§ 23. Gerund

Герундий

Tense	Voice
	Active	Passive
Indefinite	Ving There are different methods of prosecuting offenders. Существуют различные методы преследования правонарушителей. My friend likes telling detective stories. Мой друг любит рассказывать детективные истории.	being + Ved, Vз I know of his being prosecuted for his beliefs. Я знаю, что его преследуют за его убеждения. My friend likes being told detective stories. Мой друг любит, когда ему рассказывают детективные истории.
Perfect	having + Ved, Vз I remember having read the Act about holding offenders in custody. Я помню, что читал Закон о содержании нарушителей под стражей. The witness didn’t remember having seen the man before. Свидетель не помнил, чтобы он видел этого человека раньше.	having been + Ved, Vз I remember of his having already been questioned before the trial. Я помню, что его уже допрашивали перед судебным разбирательством. I heard of the witness’s having been served with a summons. Я слышал, что свидетеля вызывали повесткой в суд.

Задание 39. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Society cannot exist without using political instrument of the economically dominant class.

2. Law and legislation date back to the days when primitive communal society which had no need for having law, gave way to first class-based socio-economic formation.

3. Theories on law were based on asserting that law plays a constructive role in society.

4. A wise legislator will prevent crime instead of meeting out punishment for it.

5. The criminal should have no hope of getting away with his crime and consequently, of going unpunished.

6. Laws are made for the sake of man and society with the aim of protecting them.

7. The problem may be summarized by saying that a criminal offence is an offence against my private right and punishable by the state.

8. The Tudor period in Great Britain saw the development of modern procedure, in particular the practice of giving three readings to a bill.

9. There is a need for drawing a distinction between crimes and those violations of law which are not criminal.

10. Though there were many attempts of giving a definition of a “crime”, no really satisfactory definition of a “crime” has yet been given.

11. Many famous jurists define a “crime” as an act of violating the law of the state.

12. The main task of police work is the task of protecting society against crime.

13. The repressive function of the police is realized by making arrest of the criminal.

14. There is a need for making a function of social protecting more effective.

15. The duty of providing an adequate and efficient police force for police area under its control is the primary duty of a police authority.

16. The principal responsibility of the central government for preserving law and order throughout Great Britain is reflected in the police powers vested by Parliament in the Home Secretary.

17. The Home Secretary is empowered of making regulations as to the government, administration and conditions of service in police forces.

18. A criminal investigation department is primarily responsible for detecting crime.

19. British police forces have additional departments for dealing with special aspects of police work.

20. As part of criminal detection police officers have the duty of classifying crime reports and collecting all kinds of information relating to crime to prepare crime statistics.

21. Great Britain has no national CID, but police forces have the right of inviting Scotland Yard to help them in the investigation of serious crimes.

22. Adequate patrol is an effective means of preventing crime.

23. The FBI, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, is considered by many to be a very effective investigative body. It is responsible for investigating all Federal laws.

24. One of the functions of the FBI is operating a national crime laboratory.

The Functions of Gerund