Cinema of the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom has had a major influence on modern cinema. The first moving pictures developed on celluloid film were made in Hyde Park, Londonin 1889 byWilliam Friese Greene, a British inventor, who patented the process in 1890. It is generally regarded that the British film industry enjoyed a 'golden age' in the 1940s, led by the studios ofJ. Arthur RankandAlexander Korda.

The British directors Alfred HitchcockandDavid Leanare among the most critically acclaimed of all-time, with other important directors includingCharlie Chaplin,Michael Powell,Carol ReedandRidley Scott. Many British actors have achieved international fame and critical success, includingJulie Andrews,Sean Connery,Vivien Leigh,David Niven,Laurence Olivier,Peter Sellers. Some of the most commercially successful films of all time have been produced in the United Kingdom, including the two highest-grossing film franchises(Harry Potter and James Bond). Ealing Studioshas a claim to being the oldest continuously working film studio in the world.

Despite a history of important and successful productions, the industry has often been characterised by a debate about its identity and the level of American and European influence. Many British films are co-productions with American producers, often using both British and American actors, and British actors feature regularly in Hollywood films. Many successful Hollywood films have been based on British people, storiesor events, includingTitanic, The Lord of the Rings, Pirates of the Caribbean and the 'English Cycle'of Disney animated films.

In 2009 British films grossed around $2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share of around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £944 million in 2009, with around 173 million admissions. The British Film Institutehas produced a poll ranking what they consider to be the 100 greatest British films of all time, theBFI Top 100 British films. The annualBritish Academy Film Awardshosted by theBritish Academy of Film and Television Artsare the British equivalent of theOscars.

Задание 12. Переведите следующие имена собственные с учётом правил международной фонетической транскрипции

Catherine Zeta-Jones;Vanessa Redgrave;Kate Winslet;Anthony Hopkins;Christopher Lee;Hugh Grant;Colin Firth;Daniel Radcliffe;Michael Caine;Rupert Everett;Daniel Craig;Keira Knightley;Orlando Bloom;Emily Blunt;Dame Judi Dench;Julie Walters;Kate Beckinsale;Tilda Swinton;Terence Stamp;Tim Roth.

Задание 13. Сопоставьте исходную и переводную версии названий следующих британских фильмов. Прокомментируйте данные переводческие решения/стратегии, представленные в таблице 2

Таблица 2 – Названия фильмов (Великобритания)

My Beautiful Laundrette	Моя прекрасная прачечная
A Room With a View	Комната с видом
Distant Voices, Still Lives	Далёкие голоса, застывшие жизни
The Remains of the Day	На исходе дня
The Crying Game	Жестокая игра
Shallow Grave	Неглубокая могила
The Madness of King George	Безумие короля Георга
Secrets & Lies	Тайны и ложь
Nil by Mouth	Не глотать
Gosford Park	Госфорд-Парк
Touching the Void	Касаясь пустоты

Таблица 2 – Продолжение

My Summer of Love	Моё лето любви
The Curse of the Were-Rabbit	Проклятие кролика – оборотня
Man On Wire	Человек на проволоке
Fish Tank	Аквариум
The King’s Speech	Король говорит
Brassed Off	Дело – труба
The English Patient	Английский пациент
The Full Monty	Мужской стриптиз
Shakespeare in Love	Влюблённый Шекспир
Topsy Turvy	Кутерьма

Задание 14. Переведите с листа следующий текст