0-m.s.milovzorova._anatomiya_i_fiziologiya_cheloveka. _uchebnik_(medicina,_1972)(ru)(215s)
.pdfɋɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɪɨɲɟɥ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɦɢɥɥɢɨɧɵ ɥɟɬ. ɗɬɨɬ ɩɭɬɶ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɱɟɪɬɚɯ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ. Ɍɚɤ, ɞɨɛɵɬɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɨɣ ɮɚɤɬɵ ɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɨɬ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɝɚɸɬ ɪɟɥɢɝɢɨɡɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɛɨɝɨɦ.
§ 74. ɉɨɫɥɟɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɟɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ
ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɧɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ. ɇɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ.
ɍ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ
(ɬɚɛɥ. 5).
ȼɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ. ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɨɬ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ — ɨɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɟɟ ɬɨɧɭɫɚ ɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ. Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɯ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɫɤɟɥɟɬɚ ɢ ɫɚɦɢɯ ɦɵɲɰ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ, ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ. Ⱥ ɷɬɨ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ. ɂɯ ɪɨɫɬ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɫɬɭɬ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ.
ȼ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɢɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɨɥɨɤɨɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ. Ⱦɪɭɝɭɸ ɉɂɒɍ Ɉɇ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɪɢɬɶ. ɇɟɪɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɨɠɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ. ɉɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɡɚɱɚɬɤɢ ɪɟɱɢ ɢ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ, ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɨɤɨɫɬɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɟɥɟɬ:., ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɝɢɛɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɬ. ɞ. Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɵɲɰ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɶɹ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɬɟɥɚ. Ʉ ɤɨɧɰɭ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɬɨɧɭɫ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ. Ɋɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɢɞɟɬɶ, ɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɬɶ
ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ. ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɨɫɬ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɞ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ.
Ʉ ɧɚɱɚɥɭ ɹɫɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɞɟɬɢ ɭɠɟ ɫɬɨɹɬ ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɯɨɞɢɬɶ. ɗɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ. Ɋɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɨɜɥɚɞɟɜɚɬɶ ɭɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɶɸ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ, ɫɟɪɞɰɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ. ɉɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɨɥɨɱɧɵɟ ɡɭɛɵ, ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɂɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɚ ɢ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ.
ɇɨ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɡ. Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɤɨɟ, ɟɝɨ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɵ: ɨɧɢ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɭɸ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɥɚ.
Ʉ ɤɨɧɰɭ ɹɫɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɞɟɬɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɛɟɝɚɬɶ.
ȼɹɫɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɟ ɪɨɫɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ.
Ⱦɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɦɩɚ ɪɨɫɬɚ. Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɜ ɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɪɟɱɶɸ. ȼ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɨɹ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɧɚɹ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɫɥɚɛɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɧɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ. Ɋɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɟ. ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ.
ȼ ɦɥɚɞɲɟɦ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɜɧɨɜɶ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɉɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢ' ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɤɢɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɦɟɥɤɢɟ ɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɢɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ. ɇɟɣɪɨɧɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ. ɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɸ ɬɨɱɧɵɯ
ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ.
Ɇɨɥɨɱɧɵɟ ɡɭɛɵ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɢ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɹɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɹɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ. Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɟɠɚɟɬ ɪɨɫɬ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɪɨɫɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɸɧɨɲɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ; ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɠɟɥɟɡ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɢ. ɋɤɟɥɟɬɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɫɬɭɬ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɚɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɦɵɲɟɱɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɸɬ ɪɚɡ-
ɜɢɬɢɹ, ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦ. ȼɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɹ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ. Ɂɚɤɚɩɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ɋɨɫɬ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɭɫɤɨɪɹɸɬɫɹ.
Ɋɨɫɬ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɭ ɞɟɜɭɲɟɤ ɤ 16—17 ɝɨɞɚɦ, ɭ ɸɧɨɲɟɣ — ɤ 18—19, ɩɨ ɞɨ 22—25 ɥɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚ-
ɟɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɫɬɚ. Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ 20—22 ɥɟɬ.
ɇɚ ɪɨɫɬ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ, ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ. ɇɚ ɧɢɯ ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ, ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɞɧɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɪɨɫɬ, ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ.
Ɉ Ƚ Ʌ Ⱥ ȼ Ʌ ȿ ɇ ɂ ȿ
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ |
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Ɉɛɡɨɪ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ |
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ . . |
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1. Ɉɛɡɨɪ |
ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ...................................... |
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2. Ʉɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɟ |
ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ |
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ɬɟɥɚ |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ...................................... |
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3. Ɍɤɚɧɢ.......................................................................................... |
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4 . Ɋɟɮɥɟɤɫ. ɇɟɪɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ..................................... |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ II. ɇɟɪɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ............................................................. |
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5. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ |
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ................................................... |
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6. ɇɟɪɜɧɚɹ |
ɬɤɚɧɶ........................................................................ |
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7. Ɋɟɮɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɚɹ |
ɞɭɝɚ................................................................. |
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8. Ɉɛɡɨɪ |
ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ |
ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ |
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ...................................... |
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9. ɋɩɢɧɧɨɣ |
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ɦɨɡɝ |
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§ 10. Ƚɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ |
ɦɨɡɝ........................................................................ |
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§ 11. ɉɨɥɭɲɚɪɢɹ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ......................................ɦɨɡɝɚ |
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§ 12. Ɇɵɲɟɱɧɵɣ ɬɨɧɭɫ |
ɢ ɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɵ |
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§ 13. ȼɟɝɟɬɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ |
ɧɟɪɜɧɚɹ |
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ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ . . . . |
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§ 14. ɍɱɟɧɢɟ ɂ. ɉ. ɉɚɜɥɨɜɚ ................................ɨɛ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚɯ |
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§ 15. Ɂɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ |
ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ........................................................... |
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§ 16. ɋɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ................................................................ |
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§ 17. ȼɟɫɬɢɛɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ |
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ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ.......................................................... |
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§ 18. Ʉɨɠɧɵɣ, |
ɜɤɭɫɨɜɨɣ ɢ |
ɨɛɨɧɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ |
ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ |
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§ 19. Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ |
ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ |
. . . . |
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§ 20. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ |
ɞɥɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ |
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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ɚɪɬɢɫɬɨɜ ɛɚɥɟɬɚ............................................... |
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2 1 . |
Ɉ ɫ ɧ ɨ ɜ ɵ |
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ɦ ɚ ɬ ɟ ɪ ɢ ɚ ɥ ɢ ɫ ɬ ɢ ɱ ɟ ɫ ɤ ɨ ɝ ɨ |
ɭ ɱ ɟ ɧ ɢ ɹ |
ɨ ɜ |
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Ŷ |
- ^ |
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ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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§ 22. Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ |
ɬɟɨɪɢɢ |
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ɜɵɫɲɟɣ |
ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ |
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ — |
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ɂ. Ɇ. ɋɟɱɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɂ. ɉ ................................................ ɉɚɜɥɨɜ |
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§ 23. Ɉɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ |
ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ |
ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ |
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24. ɉɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ |
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§ 25. Ɍɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɟ |
ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ |
ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ |
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§ 26. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ |
ɜɵɫɲɟɣ |
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ɧɟɹɜɧɨɣ |
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ |
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§ 27. Ɍɢɩɵ |
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ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ |
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ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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28. ȼɨɥɟɜɵɟ |
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɚɪɬɢɫɬɨɜ ɛɚɥɟɬɚ . |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ |
I I I . |
Ɉɩɨɪɧɨ-ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ................................. |
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ |
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§ 29. Ɉɩɨɪɧɨ-ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ |
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ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ |
(ɨɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ) |
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§ 30. ɋɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ |
ɫɤɟɥɟɬɚ |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ . |
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§ 31. ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɫɬɟɣ.................................... |
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§ 32. Ɇɵɲɰɵ |
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§ 33. Ɇɵɲɰɵ |
ɝɨɥɨɜɵ |
ɢ |
ɲɟɢ . . |
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§ 34. Ɇɵɲɰɵ ɫɩɢɧɵ, ɝɪɭɞɢ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɚ |
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3 5 . |
Ɇɵɲɰɵ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɹɫɚ ɢ ɦɵɲɰɵ, |
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɞɜɢ- |
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ɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ, . |
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3 6 . Ɇɵɲɰɵ |
ɬɚɡɚ . |
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§ 37. Ɇɵɲɰɵ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɢ . . ................................. |
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§ 38. Ⱦɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɥɨɜɵ ɢ ɲɟɢ........................................................ |
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§ 39. Ⱦɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɬɭɥɨɜɢɳɚ |
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§ 40. ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ |
ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ |
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ |
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ɜ |
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ɥɟɬɟ....................................................................................... |
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§ 41. ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɜ ɛɚɥɟɬɟ . . |
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§ 42. ɐɟɧɬɪ |
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ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ....................................................................... |
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§ 43. Ɍɪɟɧɢɪɨɜɤɚ |
ɨɩɨɪɧɨ - ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ - . . . |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ IV. Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ |
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ |
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ- |
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ɧɨɫɬɢ |
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§ 44. Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ |
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§ 45. Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ . . |
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§ 46. Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ |
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ |
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§ 47. Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢ |
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ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ..................................................... |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ V. Ʉɪɨɜɶɢɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ............................................... |
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§ 48. ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ................................................... |
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§ 49. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ |
ɤɪɨɜɢ....................................................................... |
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§ 50. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ...................................... |
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§ 51. ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ |
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§ 52. Ʉɥɟɬɤɢ ɤɪɨɜɢ . |
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§ 53. ɋɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ......................................ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ |
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§ 54. ɋɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ |
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ɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ ........................................................ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ |
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§ 55. ɋɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɪɞɰɚ................................................................. |
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§ 56. Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ |
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ɫɟɪɞɰɚ |
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166 |
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§ 57. Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɨɣ .........................................ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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168 |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ |
V I . |
Ⱦɵɯɚɧɢɟ |
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171 |
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5 8 . |
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ................................................................. |
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171 |
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5 9 . |
ɋɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ .................................................. |
ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ |
. . . . . . . |
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171 |
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§ |
6 0 . |
ȼɧɟɲɧɟɟ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ |
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176 |
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6 1 . Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ................................................................... |
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. . . |
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179 |
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62. Ⱦɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ . . . . . . |
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181 |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ |
V I I . |
ɉɢɳɚ ........................................ |
ɢ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɟ |
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185 |
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6 3 . |
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɢ |
ɢ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɹ |
. . . . . . . |
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186 |
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§ 64 . Ɉɛɡɨɪ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɹ |
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§ 65. ɏɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ |
ɢ ɤɚɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɶ |
ɩɢɳɢ . |
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195 |
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§ |
66. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɚɪɬɢɫɬɨɜ ɛɚɥɟɬɚ |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ VIII. Ɉɛɦɟɧ .........................ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɩ^ |
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205 |
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§ 67 . ɉɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ................................ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ^ |
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208 |
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§ 68. Ɉɛɦɟɧ |
ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ |
ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ . . . . . . |
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§ |
6 9 . |
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ |
ɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ...................................................... |
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- . . . |
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2 1 1 |
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7 0 . |
Ƚɢɝɢɟɧɚ |
ɤɨɠɢ, |
ɨɞɟɠɞɵ ɢ ɨɛɭɜɢ |
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Ʌ Ɂ |
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§ |
71 . Ɍɟɩɥɨɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ |
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. . . . . |
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2 1 4 |
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7 2 . |
Ɂɚɤɚɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ |
. . . |
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Ƚ ɥ ɚ ɜ ɚ |
I X , Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ .............................. |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ |
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2 1 9 |
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7 3 . |
Ɂɚɪɨɞɵɲɟɜɨɟ ........................................................... |
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ |
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2 1 9 |
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7 4 . |
ɉɨɫɥɟɡɩɪɨɞɵɲɟɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ |
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2 2 7 |
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