Grammar in use

You should realize you will be misunderstood if you fail to use the correct grammar patterns. Do the following exercises and check how successful you are by writing the test afterwards. The reference material will help you to make progress.

Task 1

Supply the blanks with the necessary prepositions.

1. If you hope to work … a large publication or production company, your best bet is a solid education.

a) in b) for c) at

2. Attending journalism school, also called J-school, is an investment .. your future.

a) for b) within c) in

3. ¾ … the workers …. television and radio news say they are “satisfied” or “very satisfied” … their jobs.

a) of, in , with b) among, on, in c) of, at, for

4. Experience gained … TV and radio news is valuable … PR and media relations.

a) on, at b) in, for c) for, in

5. There are plenty … career options (TV, radio, magazines, newspapers, books and then writing, editing, photography etc) in journalism.

a) at b) for c) of

6. Since your salary will increase … each level … education that you complete, it is wise to look … employment … a mid-sized publisher …. completing your bachelor’s degree.

a) at , in, at, with, after b) with, of, for, with, after c) at, on, with, for, at

7. This combination … actively working craft as you advance your education is your best recipe … success.

a) of, for b) for, in c) at, in

1	2	3	4	5	6	7

Task 2

Study the following grammar notes and examples to be able to do the exercises, which follow.

Инфинитив (неопределенная форма глагола) представляет собой неличную глагольную форму, которая называет действие, не указывая ни лица, ни числа. Функции инфинитива во многом сходны с функциями герундия.

ФОРМЫ ИНФИНИТИВА

	Active	Passive
Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous	to write to be writing to have written to have been writing	to be written - to have been written -

ФУНКЦИИ ИНФИНИТИВА В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИИ

Функции	Примеры	Перевод
1. Подлежащее	To read aloud is very useful.	Читать вслух очень полезно.
2.Часть составного глагольного сказуемого	Our aim is to master English.	Наша цель – овладеть английским.
3. Дополнение	He likes to draw.	Он любит рисовать.
4. Определение	Here is the article to be translated.	Вот статья, которую нужно перевести.
5.Обстоятельство	I came to help you.	Я пришел, чтобы помочь вам.

Underline the Infinitive and define its form and function.

1. The journalists’ primary objective is to educate , entertain, inform.

2. To be a good journalist you must have a great deal of curiosity.

3. She doesn’t seem to be writing anything now.

4. This reporter is unhappy to have failed his staff.

5. To oversee all the operations is the primary purpose of the managing editor.

6. He was very glad to have employed foreign reporters for his magazine.

7. New sources of information are to be found.

8. He seems to be reading something now.

9. To pass the exams she reads many books about the practical principles of book editing.

Task 3

Study the following grammar notes and examples to be able to do the exercises, which follow.

Причастие – это неличная форма глагола, которая обладает свойствами глагола, прилагательного и наречия. Подобно прилагательному, причастие может быть определением к существительному или именной частью составного сказуемого.

A broken agreement - нарушенное соглашение

The agreement was broken. - Cоглашение было нарушено.

ФОРМЫ ПРИЧАСТИЯ

	Participle 1	Participle II	Perfect Participle
Active	asking	-	having asked
Passive	being asked	asked	having been asked

Change the sentences so as to use the Participle.

1. The interviewee turned slowly and went out of the room.

2. When they were illustrating the periodicals they used many coloured pictures.

3. I picked up the newspaper which was lying on the floor.

4. The journal which was bought by my friend was an illustrated one.

5. As he had finished the article he gave it to the editor.

6. I listened to the radio which was broadcasting the latest news.

7. The article written by my friend is read with great interest.

8. As the advertisement aroused the interest of a considerable number of readers it was published in the evening issue.

Task 4

Translate the sentences with the Infinitive and Participial constructions.

1. We heard the reporter broadcasting the news.

2. It is necessary for a journalist to have a wide acquaintance with men and affairs.

3. He is said to work in London as a reporter.

4. We believe him to be a talented photographer.

5. All preparations being made the programme began.

6. The reporter was seen entering the publishing house.

7. I saw him writing the article about a Sunday event.

8. We think him to be a good journalist.

9. I should like the student to learn the practical principles of book editing.

10. He seems to be satisfied with the results of his practice as a reporter.

Task 5

Study the following grammar notes and examples to be able to do the exercises, which follow.

Конструкция «Сложное подлежащее» употребляется со следующими глаголами в страдательном залоге: to hear, to see, to find, to know, to report, to expect, to consider, to believe, to say, to suppose.

The conference is believed to begin in a couple of minutes.

В действительном залоге конструкция «Сложное подлежащее» употребляется с глаголами: to seem, to prove, to turn out, to appear, to happen; со словосочетаниями: to be unlikely, to be sure, to be certain.

They are sure to come.

Конструкция	Пример	Перевод
Сложное подлежащее	They are said to have travelled a lot. The data proved to be wrong.	Говорят, что они много путешествовали. Данные оказались неверными.

Translate the sentences with Complex Subject.

1. His invitation to give an interview is considered to be of great importance.

2. That Publishing House is known to be situated in the center of the city.

3. She is not likely to change her decision to become a journalist.

4. The article is likely to appear in the next issue of a journal.

5. Many new interesting articles are expected to be published soon.

6. This foreign correspondent is known to have spoken several foreign languages.

Task 6

Change the sentences using Complex Subject.

1. It is expected that the programmer will be a success.

2. It is said that this man occupied the position of a chief editor in The Times fifteen years ago.

3. We heard that news spread very fast.

4. It is believed the article was written by a foreign correspondent.

5. It turned out that the language of the article was quite easy.

GRAMMAR TEST

Task 1

Fill in the missing prepositions.

A journalist must be a model … competence himself. People often apply … his advice and help … difficult life situations. His/her honest position and objective information can help to solve a lot .. problems and do much … bringing …the younger generation. To serve the interests … people is the main purpose … any good journalist. It is not so easy as it may seem .. first. One should have courage to defend one’s point … view and to speak and write the truth … the facts and events going … around. … spite … all difficulties, responsibility and even danger .. the work … a journalist I consider this profession to be one .. the most romantic and want to connect my life … journalism.

Task 2

Open the brackets using the Participle.

1. (to arrive ) at the station, I gave a call to the editor.

2. (to have ) plenty of time before the conference the reporters decided to check the photo equipment.

3. (to know) English well he translated the article without a dictionary.

4. He sat in the armchair (to read) a newspaper.

5. While (to write) articles about important events it is necessary to give a detailed description.

6. (to collect) all the material, he was able to write a report on the event.

7. (to ask) if he intended to return soon, he answered that he would be away for about 3 months.

8. (to read) newspaper was lying on the table.

Task 3

Translate the sentences into English.

1. Мне нравятся статьи, написанные этим журналистом.

2. Вот интервью, о котором так много говорят.

3. Я бы хотел, чтобы статью напечатали сегодня.

4. Я полагаю, что интервью будет готово к печати через несколько дней.

5. Когда ему дали больше времени, он смог перевести статью.

6. Она сидела в кресле, просматривая газеты.