- •Л.К.Сальная
- •Secure it
- •English for Information
- •Protection Specialities
- •Pronunciation
- •Memorize the terms
- •1. Read the following terms and their definitions and memorize them:
- •2. Match the following words with their Russian equivalents:
- •3. Match the following words with their synonyms:
- •Reading
- •5. Read the text and find the information about the purpose of creating the standard and who it was established for.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Mark the following statements true or false. Correct the false statements.
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •8. Form the word combinations and give their definitions.
- •9. Complete the sentences using the words given below.
- •10. Make the word combinations.
- •11. Match the term and its definition.
- •12. Complete the text by translating Russian phrases given in brackets.
- •13. Read the second part of the text. Name the topics which are outside the scope of cc.
- •14. Grammar tasks. Revision. Check your grammar.
- •I. Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •II. Choose the correct modal verb.
- •VII. Choose the correct form of an adjective or an adverb.
- •I. Put the verbs in the correct form. Present Simple, Present Continuous,
- •II. Put the articles and the expressions of quantity where necessary.
- •III. Put the adjectives and adverbs in the correct degree of comparison.
- •IV. Put prepositions where necessary.
- •15. Communication.
- •Pronunciation
- •1. Read the following terms and their definitions and memorize them:
- •2. Match the following words with their Russian equivalents:
- •3. Match the following words with their synonyms:
- •Reading
- •5. Scan the text and match the headings with its parts.
- •1. Characterize Facility
- •6. Answer the following questions
- •7. Mark the following statements “true” or “false”. Correct the false statements
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •8. Form different parts of speech.
- •9. Give your definitions of the following terms.
- •10. Make the word combinations
- •11. What do the following abbreviations from Text 1 mean?
- •12. Complete the text using the words given below.
- •13. Translate into Russian the following paragraph.
- •14. Complete the text by translating Russian phrases given in brackets.
- •15. Translate into English.
- •16. Read the second part of the text, write out key words and write down short definitions of the clue terms given in the text.
- •17. Grammar. Active Voice.
- •18. Communication
- •Pronunciation
- •Memorize the terms
- •1. Read the following terms and their definitions and memorize them:
- •2. Match the following words with their synonyms.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •11. What do the following abbreviations from Text 1 mean?
- •12. Find abbreviations in Text 2 and comment on their meaning.
- •13. Complete the text using the words given below.
- •14. Translate into Russian the following paragraph.
- •15. Complete the text by translating Russian phrases given in brackets.
- •16. Translate into English
- •17. Translate into English
- •19. Grammar. Passive Voice. See Grammar reference.
- •20. Communication.
- •Pronunciation
- •Memorize the terms
- •1. Read the following terms and their definitions and memorize them:
- •2. Match the following words with their Russian equivalents.
- •3. Match the following words with their synonyms.
- •Reading
- •5. Read the text and find out if it mentions the following:
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •10. Complete the text using the terms and word combinations given below.
- •11. Complete the text.
- •12. Translate into English the following passage.
- •13. Read the text, choose one type of ciphers and characterize it orally.
- •Cryptanalytic Methods for Modern Ciphers.
- •14. Grammar. Active and Passive Voice. See Grammar Reference.
- •15. Communication.
- •Pronunciation
- •Memorize the terms
- •Figure 1. Classification of Steganography Techniques (Adapted from Bauer 2002)
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Mark the following statements “true” or “false”. Correct the false statements.
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •8. Remember word combinations containing the following terms and translate them.
- •9. Make the word combinations
- •10. Complete the text using the terms and word combinations given below.
- •11. Translate the following passage into Russian.
- •12. Translate the following passage into English.
- •13. Scan the text and point out its main ideas. Write the abstract of the text (See Appendix 2).
- •14. Grammar. Modal Verbs. See Grammar reference.
- •15. Writing.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Mark the following statements true or false. Correct the false statements.
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •7. Give English equivalents of the following Russian words and words combinations.
- •8. Give Russian equivalents of the following English words and words combinations.
- •13. Translate into English.
- •14. Read the text and outline the process of secret key generation.
- •Secret Key Generation.
- •Vocabulary and Grammar 1-6. Revision.
- •III. Match the lines.
- •IV. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form Active or Passive.
- •V. Give definitions of the following terms.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •VIII. Communication
- •IX. Writing
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Mark the following statements true or false. Correct the false statements.
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •12. Render in Russian the following passage.
- •13. Translate into English the following passage.
- •14. Scan the text and mark the sentences about the main disadvantage of using credit cards. Point out the ways to solve the problem mentioned in the text.
- •Credit Card Security.
- •15. Grammar. The Gerund. See Grammar Reference.
- •16. Communication
- •2. Match the following words with their Russian equivalents.
- •3. Match the following words with their synonyms.
- •Reading
- •5. Read the text and find out whether the following ideas are true, false or not discussed in it.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •13. Complete the text by translating Russian phrases given in brackets.
- •14. Read the text and write the plan. Characterize briefly the types of vpNs. Text 2.
- •Virtual private network.
- •Authentication mechanism
- •Tunneling
- •Security dialogues
- •15. Grammar. The Infinitive. See Grammar Reference.
- •16. Communication. Role play.
- •17. Writing. Write your cv. See Appendix 4
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Write if the following statements are true or false.
- •Vocabulary tasks.
- •12. Complete the text by translating Russian phrases given in brackets.
- •13. Translate into English the following passage.
- •14. Read the second part of the article and write one sentence to characterize each type of firewall architecture.
- •15. Grammar. The Participle. See Grammar Reference.
- •16. Communication
- •2. Match the following words with their Russian equivalents:
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Mark the following statements “true” or “false”. Correct the false statements.
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •12. Translate into English the following passage.
- •14. Text 2. Read the text and write down the main ideas of its parts.
- •15. Sum up the ideas of the text orally.
- •Vocabulary and Grammar 7-10. Revision.
- •I. Write if the sentences are true or false. Correct the false sentences.
- •IV. Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •V. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. There are some non-finite forms necessary.
- •VI. Give definitions of the following terms.
- •VII. Translate into Russian.
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •IX. Translate into English using non-finite forms of the verbs.
- •X. Communication
- •Writing an Abstract
- •1 Any Road, Anytown an1 1cv
- •2005–2009 Tyres uk ltd
- •1999–2005 Bdw group
- •2005–2005 Managing Director, bdw Contact Ltd
- •2000–2004 Operations Director
- •1999–2000 Account Director
- •1996–1999 Words pictures sounds
- •It Skills
- •Additional information
- •Decryption - расшифрование
- •Список использованной литературы
- •Сальная Лейла Климентьевна Secure it
13. Translate into English the following passage.
Для эффективного построения распределенных информационных технологий необходимо участие пользователя в функциях, выполняемых в распределенных устройствах, часто удаленных от места положения самого пользователя. В связи с этим встает задача идентификации и аутентификации пользователей в различных компонентах распределенной системы и программной инфраструктуры в зависимости от выполняемых бизнес-процессов. Существует классификация взаимодействия различных пользователей, которая требует различных решений по идентификации и аутентификации и защите информации в целом. Для служащих компании аутентификация должна позволить обеспечить доступ к различным распределенным приложениям, обеспечивая интеграцию различных приложений и в то же время устанавливая заданные требования по безопасности (В2Е).
14. Read the second part of the article and write one sentence to characterize each type of firewall architecture.
Text 2.
On occasion companies choose to implement a firewall based solely on a single machine, be it a router or host. More often than not, however, the stronger firewalls are composed of multiple parts. In this section, we'll take a look at what we consider the five most common types of firewall architectures: the screening router, the dual homed gateway, the screened gateway, the screened subnet, and the "belt-and-suspenders" firewall.
Screening Router
The simplest way to implement a firewall is by placing packet filters on the router itself. This architecture is completely transparent to all parties involved, but leaves us with a single point of failure. Moreover, since routers are primarily designed to route traffic, the default failure mode on routers is usually to pass traffic to another interface. If something were to happen to the router access control mechanism, then the possibility would exist for unauthorized traffic to find its way into the network or for proprietary information to "leak" out of the network.
Moreover, screening routers tend to violate the choke point principle of firewalls. Although all traffic does pass through the router at one point or another, the router merely passes the traffic on to its ultimate destination. Although screening routers can be an important part of a firewall architecture, we don't consider them adequate firewall mechanisms on their own.
Dual-Homed Gateways
Another common architecture places a single machine with two networks as a dual-homed gateway. Such gateway can be used as a generic dual-homed gateway, as described earlier, in which all users must log in to the machine before proceeding on to the other network, or as a host for proxy servers, in which user accounts are not required.
From a "fail-safe" perspective, dual-homed gateways offer a step up from the simple screening router. Nevertheless, dual-homed gateways have certain feasibility and usability problems that don't always make them easy to use.
Screened Host Gateway
Now let's take a look at how hosts and routers can be used together in a firewall architecture. One of the most common combinations in use today is the screened host gateway.
In the screened host gateway scenario, the router is still the first line of defense. All packet filtering and access control is performed at the router. The router permits only that traffic that the policy explicitly identifies, and further restricts incoming connections to the host gateway. This gateway performs a number of functions:
1. It acts as the name server for the entire corporate network.
2. It serves as a "public" information server, offering Web and anonymous FTP access to the world.
3. It serves as a gateway from which external parties can communicate with internal machines.
Screened Subnet
The screened subnet approach takes the idea of a screened host gateway one step further. The screening router is still present as the first point of entry into the corporate network, and screens incoming traffic between the Internet and the public hosts. Rather than a single gateway, as in the screened host gateway approach, however the functions of that gateway are spread among multiple hosts. One of the hosts could be a Web server, another could serve as the anonymous FTP server, and yet a third as the proxy server host, from which all connections to and from the internal corporate are made.
Functionally, the screened subnet is similar to the screened host gateway: the router protects the gateway from the Internet, and the gateway protects the internal network from the Internet and other public hosts. One distinct advantage that the subnet has over the screened gateway is that it is much easier to implement a screened subnet using "stripped down" hosts, that is, each host on the subnet can be configured to run only those services it is required to server, thus providing an intruder with fewer potential targets on each machine.
Belt and Suspenders Approach
A final architecture takes the idea of the screened subnet and extends still another step further. The principles are the same as the subnet architecture: an external screening router protects "public" machines from the Internet. Instead of a gateway running proxy server software as well as protecting the internal network, however, those functions are split: the proxy server host now resides on the DMZ subnet, while an internal screening router serves to protect the internal network from the public machines. This architecture is often called the "belt-and-suspenders" architecture.
The belt-and-suspenders architecture is only subtly different from the screened subnet, but the difference is important from a security point of view. Whereas the subnet relies on the proxy servers to perform all access control to and from the internal network, the belt-and-suspenders approach relies on the proxy server as the first line of authentication defense, but the internal router serves to back up the server, as well as to protect the internal network from the machines on the public network.