- •Оглавление
- •От авторов
- •Grammar: The article (артикль)
- •Reading
- •A day in the life of an international student
- •I am a student
- •Grammar: Types of questions (типы вопросов)
- •Question words (вопросительные слова)
- •Reading
- •A new student
- •Margaret Thatcher
- •John Edgar Hoover, FBI Director
- •Reading
- •A brave Woman
- •Grammar: Construction there is /there are
- •Reading
- •John Jay College of Criminal Justice
- •Moscow University of the Interior of the Russian Federation.
- •Militia officers
- •Grammar: The perfect tenses (времена группы Perfect)
- •Grammar: The Articles (артикли)
- •Reading
- •Moscow
- •Grammar: Modal verbs
- •Reading
- •Business etiquette for police executives
- •Policing a culturally diverse society
- •Word formation: Conversion (конверсия)
- •Reading
- •General information: the Russian Federation
- •State system of the Russian Federation
- •Court system of the Russian Federation: part 1
- •Court system of the Russian Federation: part 2
- •Branches of law of the Russian Federation
- •The Procurator's Office
- •Grammar: The participle (причастие)
- •Reading
- •Great Britain
- •The Monarch in the UK
- •Parliament
- •Elections
- •Making new laws
- •The Courts in the UK
- •Word formation: Prefixes (приставки)
- •Grammar: Passive voice (пассивный залог)
- •Reading
- •General information about the USA
- •US President
- •The US Constitution
- •Federal Court System
- •The judicial system of the USA
- •State Courts
- •Lower courts in the USA
- •The marshals
- •History of Law
- •Reading
- •A girl missing
- •A car accident
- •Too young to drive
- •Scottish soccer fans riot after loss
- •A foreigner in trouble
- •Traffic violations
- •Grammar: The nouns evidence, news,…
- •Grammar: The infinitive (инфинитив)
- •Grammar: The construction to have something done
- •Reading
- •A consolation
- •Burglary
- •Identification of suspects
- •Interviewing a witness
- •Reading
- •The UK police
- •The oath of the British constable
- •Structure of the American police
- •Top police cars
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Complex object (сложное дополнение)
- •Reading
- •New command and control system
- •WANTED FOR: Bank Robbery
- •The Federal Bureau of Investigation
- •Supplementary reading
- •Word formation: Suffix -able
- •Grammar: The -ing forms
- •Grammar: The gerund (герундий)
- •Reading
- •Types of crimes
- •«I'll be free in weeks», says killer Bamber.
- •An extract from the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Conjunctions (союзы)
- •Reading
- •Search Warrant
- •The use of force and firearms
- •Police investigations
- •Human rights
- •Arrest and detention
- •Police brutality
- •Arrest
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Punctuation (пунктуация)
- •Reading
- •Civil law vs. Common law
- •Criminal justice and criminal proceedings in the UK
- •This way! That way!
- •Criminal court proceedings
- •Criminal Justice Process
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Cleft sentences (предложения с усилительной конструкцией)
- •TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS
- •Reading
- •The forms of state punishment in Great Britain
- •Capital punishment
- •Retribution
- •Prison population
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: The verbs to insist, to suggest
- •Reading
- •Is prison an answer?
- •Non-custodial types of punishment
- •Treating juveniles
- •Treating women
- •Drug — related offences
- •Electronic monitoring — alternatives to incarceration
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Complex subject (сложное подлежащее)
- •Reading
- •Interpol
- •Europol
- •Organized crime
- •Cybercrime
- •Jargon
- •Victimology
- •Customs examination
- •Supplementary reading
- •Grammar: Subjunctive mood (part 1) (сослагательное наклонение)
- •Grammar: Subjunctive mood (part 2) (сослагательное наклонение)
- •Reading
- •Militia of the Russian Federation.
- •Public security militia
- •Criminal militia
- •Militia and public confidence
- •POLICE OFFICER RECRUITS
- •Supplementary reading
- •SUPPLEMENTARY READING
- •Grammar reference
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
- •Appendix 3
- •Appendix 4
- •GLOSSARY
- •Литература
Grammar: The plural of the nouns
(множественное число существительных)
Множественноеѝ числоѝ существительныхѝ образуетсяѝ добавлениемѝ кѝ нимѝокончанияѝ-s:ѝ
lessonѝ—ѝlessonsѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝtextѝ—ѝtextsѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝdayѝ—ѝdaysѝ
Еслиѝсуществительноеѝоканчиваетсяѝнаѝ-yѝсѝпредшествующейѝсоглас- ной,ѝтоѝ-yѝменяетсяѝнаѝiѝиѝдобавляетсяѝокончаниеѝ-es:ѝ
dictionaryѝ—ѝdictionariesѝ
Некоторыеѝ существительныеѝ образуютѝ множественноеѝ числоѝ неѝ поѝ правилам:ѝ
manѝ—ѝmenѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝwomanѝ—ѝwomenѝ
Множественноеѝ числоѝ английскихѝ словѝ иностранногоѝ происхожденияѝследуетѝуточнитьѝвѝсловаре.ѝНапример:ѝ
referendumѝ—ѝreferendaѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝbureauѝ—ѝbureauxѝ matrixѝ—ѝmatricesѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝdiagnosisѝ—ѝdiagnosesѝ
Exercise 1 Give the singular form of the following nouns.
rulesѝѝ |
bureauxѝ |
countriesѝ |
positionsѝѝ |
diagnosesѝ |
crimesѝ |
studentsѝѝ |
certificatesѝ |
sentencesѝ |
teachersѝѝ |
peopleѝ |
lawsѝ |
wordsѝѝ |
lawyersѝ |
sciencesѝ |
Exercise 2 Give the plural form of the following nouns.
universityѝ |
passengerѝ |
ministryѝ |
degreeѝ |
departmentѝ |
exampleѝ |
matrixѝ |
mistakeѝ |
wordѝ |
familyѝ |
officerѝ |
addressѝ |
languageѝ |
expressionѝ |
weekѝ |
Reading
Before you read, answer these questions.
1.ѝHaveѝyouѝeverѝhelpedѝpeopleѝinѝanѝaccident?ѝ 2.ѝDoѝyouѝknowѝwhatѝtoѝdoѝifѝyouѝseeѝanѝaccident?ѝ
41
Exercise 1 Read the text.
A brave Woman
AѝsergeantѝfromѝArizonaѝpoliceѝdepartment:ѝ
«HelenѝPresleyѝrescuedѝthreeѝpeopleѝfromѝaѝburningѝcar.ѝThatѝisѝhowѝitѝ allѝhappened.ѝOneѝeveningѝsheѝwentѝoutѝwithѝherѝfriendѝJackѝforѝaѝmealѝ inѝaѝsmallѝquietѝrestaurant.ѝTheyѝleftѝatѝ9ѝpmѝandѝHelenѝofferedѝtoѝtakeѝ Jackѝhome.ѝTheyѝwereѝdrivingѝalongѝwhen,ѝsuddenly,ѝaѝcarѝdroveѝpastѝ themѝoutѝofѝcontrol.ѝTheѝcarѝcrashedѝandѝafterѝthatѝitѝburstѝintoѝflames.ѝ
Firstѝtheyѝranѝtoѝtheѝburningѝcar.ѝWhenѝtheyѝgotѝthere,ѝtheyѝsawѝthreeѝ peopleѝtrappedѝinside.ѝTheѝpeopleѝwereѝscreamingѝandѝHelenѝknewѝtheyѝ hadѝtoѝgetѝthemѝout.ѝItѝwasѝincrediblyѝhotѝwhenѝHelenѝandѝherѝfriendѝ managedѝtoѝopenѝtheѝdoors.ѝ
Theѝdriverѝwasѝsittingѝinside,ѝunconscious.ѝTheyѝgotѝhimѝoutѝandѝthenѝ wentѝbackѝforѝtheѝotherѝtwoѝpassengers.ѝHelenѝhadѝtoѝclimbѝoverѝtheѝ frontѝseatsѝtoѝgetѝtoѝthem.ѝSurprisingly,ѝtheѝpassengersѝwereѝableѝtoѝwalkѝ awayѝfromѝtheѝcar.ѝMeanwhile,ѝsomeѝpeopleѝwhoѝwereѝwatchingѝfromѝaѝ nearbyѝ campsite,ѝ calledѝ theѝ emergencyѝ service.ѝ Weѝ cameѝ asѝ soonѝ asѝ possible.ѝ
TheѝbraveѝwomanѝwasѝstandingѝthereѝinѝaѝstateѝofѝshockѝwhenѝIѝaskedѝ herѝforѝherѝnameѝandѝaddress.ѝSheѝcouldn'tѝremember!ѝѝ
Sheѝsaysѝsheѝdidn'tѝdoѝanythingѝextraordinaryѝbutѝourѝpoliceѝdepartmentѝ presentedѝthemѝwithѝcertificatesѝforѝtheirѝbravery!ѝButѝIѝthinkѝitsѝniceѝ feelingѝtoѝknowѝyou'veѝhelpedѝtoѝsaveѝsomeone'sѝlife!ѝ
Vocabulary
rescueѝ ѝ |
|
|
спастиѝ |
crashedѝ(toѝcrash)ѝ |
ѝ |
разбиться,ѝпотерпетьѝавариюѝ |
|
burstѝintoѝflamesѝ |
|
вспыхнутьѝ |
|
screamѝ ѝ |
|
|
кричатьѝ |
emergencyѝserviceѝ |
ѝ |
скораяѝпомощьѝ |
|
burningѝcarѝ |
ѝ |
|
горящаяѝмашинаѝ |
trappedѝinѝtheѝcarѝ |
ѝ |
заблокированныеѝвѝмашинеѝ |
|
unconsciousѝ |
ѝ |
|
безѝсознанияѝ |
inѝaѝstateѝofѝshockѝ |
ѝ |
вѝсостоянииѝшокаѝ |
|
certificateѝforѝbraveryѝ |
|
грамотаѝзаѝхрабростьѝ |
42
Exercise 2 Insert appropriate prepositions.
1.Helenѝrescuedѝthreeѝpeopleѝ___ѝaѝburningѝcar.ѝ
2.Sheѝwentѝoutѝ___ѝherѝfriendѝ___ѝaѝmealѝ___ѝaѝsmallѝquietѝrestaurant.ѝ
3.Aѝcarѝdroveѝ___ѝtoѝthemѝ___ѝ___ѝcontrol.ѝ
4.Helenѝhadѝtoѝclimbѝ___ѝtheѝfrontѝseatsѝtoѝgetѝ___ѝtheѝpassengers.ѝ
5.Peopleѝ___ѝaѝnearbyѝcampsiteѝcalledѝtheѝemergencyѝservice.ѝ
6.Theѝbraveѝwomanѝwasѝ___ѝaѝstateѝ___ѝshockѝwhenѝtheѝpolicemanѝ askedѝherѝ___ѝherѝnameѝandѝaddress.ѝ
Exercise 3 Answer the questions to the text.
1.ѝWhatѝwereѝHelenѝandѝJackѝdoingѝwhenѝtheѝotherѝcarѝcrashed?ѝ 2.ѝWhatѝtheyѝdidѝwhenѝtheѝotherѝcarѝcrashed?ѝ
3.ѝWhatѝwereѝtheѝpeopleѝinѝtheѝcarѝdoingѝwhenѝHelenѝandѝJackѝgotѝѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝthere?ѝ 4.ѝWhatѝdidѝtheyѝdoѝwhenѝtheyѝgotѝintoѝtheѝcar?ѝ
5.ѝWhatѝdidѝtheѝpeopleѝaroundѝdoѝwhenѝtheyѝsawѝtheѝaccident?ѝ
Over to you
Use the following phrases to write a letter of gratitude to Helen Presley from the captain of Arizona police department.
DearѝMadam…ѝ Weѝareѝwritingѝthisѝletter…ѝ Weѝareѝgratefulѝforѝ…ѝ Weѝwouldѝlikeѝtoѝdecorateѝyouѝforѝbravery…ѝ
Could/Wouldѝyouѝcomeѝtoѝtheѝpoliceѝstationѝatѝ…ѝ Weѝareѝgoingѝtoѝgiveѝyouѝaѝcertificate…ѝ Weѝareѝlookingѝforwardѝto…ѝ
Bestѝregards…ѝ Yoursѝsincerely…ѝ
43
Grammar: Pronouns
many /much little /a little few /a few
сѝисчисляемымиѝсуществительнымиѝ
manyѝѝ |
многоѝѝ |
manyѝtrials,ѝmanyѝpeopleѝ |
fewѝѝ |
малоѝѝ |
fewѝtrials,ѝfewѝpeopleѝ |
aѝfewѝѝ |
несколько,ѝнемногоѝѝ |
aѝfewѝtrials,ѝaѝfewѝpeopleѝ |
|
|
|
|
сѝнеисчисляемымиѝсуществительнымиѝ |
|
|
|
|
muchѝѝ |
много,ѝбольшойѝ |
muchѝdifference,ѝmuchѝevidenceѝ |
littleѝѝ |
малоѝѝ |
littleѝdifference,ѝlittleѝevidenceѝ |
aѝlittleѝѝ |
немного,ѝнебольшойѝѝ |
aѝlittleѝdifferenceѝ |
|
|
|
Exercise 1 Translate these word combinations into English.
многоѝпреступленийѝ |
многоѝвремениѝ |
многоѝаргументовѝ |
большаяѝразницаѝ |
малоѝюристовѝ |
малоѝпроблемѝ |
малоѝсудейѝ |
малоѝадвокатовѝ |
некоторыеѝтрудностиѝ |
несколькоѝцелейѝ |
немногоѝслучаевѝ |
несколькоѝчеловекѝ |
Exercise 2 Make short sentences with these words.
muchѝnewsѝ muchѝevidenceѝ muchѝadviceѝ aѝfewѝpiecesѝofѝadviceѝ
muchѝinformationѝ muchѝknowledgeѝ manyѝpiecesѝofѝadviceѝ
Grammar: The progressive tenses
(продолженные времена)
TheѝPresent/Past/FutureѝProgressiveѝTensesѝупотребляются,ѝчтобыѝ подчеркнуть,ѝчтоѝданноеѝдействиеѝпроисходит/происходило/будетѝ происходитьѝ вѝ какой-либоѝ моментѝ вѝ настоящем,ѝ прошломѝ илиѝ будущем.ѝ
ѝ
44
TheѝPresentѝPro- |
TheѝPastѝProgressiveѝ |
TheѝFutureѝProgressiveѝ |
gressiveѝTenseѝѝ |
Tenseѝѝ |
Tenseѝ |
|
|
|
|
Утвердительнаяѝформаѝ |
|
Iѝamѝreadingѝnow.ѝ |
Iѝ wasѝ readingѝ atѝ thatѝ |
Iѝwillѝbeѝreadingѝatѝeightѝ |
|
moment.ѝ |
tomorrow.ѝ |
He/sheѝ isѝ readingѝ |
He/sheѝwasѝreadingѝatѝ |
He/sheѝwillѝbeѝreadingѝatѝ |
now.ѝ |
thatѝmoment.ѝ |
eightѝtomorrow.ѝ |
Theyѝ areѝ readingѝ |
Theyѝ wereѝ readingѝ atѝ |
Theyѝ willѝ beѝ readingѝ atѝ |
now.ѝ |
thatѝmoment.ѝ |
eightѝtomorrow.ѝ |
|
|
|
|
Отрицательнаяѝформаѝѝ |
|
Iѝ amѝ notѝ writingѝ |
Iѝ wasѝ notѝ readingѝ atѝ |
Iѝ willѝ notѝ beѝ readingѝ atѝ |
now.ѝѝ |
thatѝmoment.ѝ |
eightѝtomorrow.ѝ |
ѝѝ ѝ
|
Вопросительнаяѝформаѝѝ |
|
Areѝ youѝ |
readingѝ Wasѝheѝreadingѝatѝthatѝ |
Willѝ youѝ beѝ readingѝ atѝ |
now?ѝ |
moment?ѝ |
eightѝtomorrow?ѝ |
*ѝSeeѝGrammarѝreferenceѝ
Exercise 1 Read and translate these sentences, say what tenses they are used in.
1.MyѝfriendѝisѝreadingѝaѝbookѝinѝFrenchѝnow.ѝ
2.Listen!ѝHeѝisѝcrying!ѝ
3.Weѝareѝdoingѝaѝgrammarѝexerciseѝnow.ѝ
4.Iѝwasѝreadingѝaѝdetectiveѝstoryѝwhenѝyouѝphonedѝmeѝyesterday.ѝ
5.Whatѝwillѝyouѝbeѝdoingѝtomorrowѝatѝthisѝtime?ѝ
6.Iѝwillѝbeѝdoingѝmyѝhomework.ѝ
7.Twoѝmenѝwereѝrobbingѝaѝbankѝwhenѝaѝpolicemanѝsawѝthem.ѝ
8.Theѝpeopleѝwereѝscreamingѝinѝtheѝburningѝcarѝ
9.Theѝpoliceѝofficerѝwasѝrescuingѝtheѝpassengers.ѝ
Exercise 2 Use the verbs in brackets in the correct form (the past progressive, the past simple) to make sentences.
Example:ѝ(walkѝalongѝtheѝstreet/seeѝanѝaccident)ѝ—ѝIѝsawѝanѝaccidentѝwhenѝIѝwasѝ walkingѝalongѝtheѝstreet.ѝ
1.ѝ(meetѝanѝoldѝfriend/haveѝlunchѝinѝaѝcafe).ѝ 2.ѝ(somebody,ѝstealѝaѝwallet/shop).ѝ
45
3.ѝ(hearѝaѝcrash/sleep).ѝ 4.ѝ(talkѝonѝmobile/walkѝintoѝaѝtree).ѝ 5.ѝ(dropѝaѝkey/openѝaѝdoor).ѝ
Exercise 3 Complete these sentences.
1.Sheѝ________ѝ(see)ѝaѝpoliceѝcarѝwhenѝsheѝ__________ѝ(goѝalongѝ theѝstreet).ѝ
2.Iѝ________ѝ(sleep)ѝwhenѝmyѝmobileѝ________ѝ(ring)ѝloudly.ѝ
3.Sheѝ_________ѝ(hear)ѝtheѝpeopleѝscreamingѝwhenѝsheѝ__________ѝ (lookѝoutѝof)ѝtheѝwindow.ѝ
4.Twoѝ thievesѝ _______ѝ (getѝ outѝ ofѝ theѝ house)ѝ whenѝ aѝ patrolmanѝ
________ѝ(notice)ѝthem.ѝ
5.Theѝ teacherѝ _______ѝ (come)ѝ intoѝ theѝ roomѝ whenѝ weѝ wereѝ
________ѝ(cheat).ѝ
6.Iѝ__________ѝ(walk)ѝmyѝdogѝwhenѝitѝ_________ѝ(rain).ѝ
7.Theѝrobber______ѝ(getѝcaught)ѝinѝtheѝrevolvingѝdoorѝasѝheѝ_______ѝ (escape).ѝ
Exercise 4 Answer these questions.
1.ѝWhatѝwereѝyouѝdoingѝwhenѝtheѝteacherѝcameѝintoѝtheѝclassroom?ѝ 2.ѝWhatѝisѝyourѝfriendѝdoingѝnow?ѝ 3.ѝWhatѝwasѝyourѝfriendѝdoingѝatѝ8ѝp.m.ѝyesterday?ѝ 4.ѝWhatѝdidѝyouѝdoѝwhenѝyouѝcameѝtoѝtheѝUniversityѝtodayѝmorning?ѝ 5.ѝWhatѝwasѝyourѝfamilyѝdoingѝwhenѝyouѝcameѝhomeѝlastѝevening?ѝ 6.ѝWhatѝwillѝyouѝbeѝdoingѝtomorrowѝatѝ10ѝa.m.?ѝ 7.ѝWhatѝareѝyouѝdoingѝnow?ѝ
Exercise 5 Insert appropriate articles.
___ѝEnglishѝlanguageѝisѝreallyѝveryѝpopular.ѝManyѝstudentsѝofѝ___ѝUniversityѝofѝ___ѝMinistryѝofѝtheѝInteriorѝofѝ___ѝRussianѝFederationѝareѝstudyingѝ
___ѝEnglish.ѝButѝ___ѝnumberѝofѝhoursѝofѝ___ѝstudiesѝisѝdifferentѝatѝ___ѝ differentѝdepartments.ѝ___ѝfull-timeѝstudentsѝhaveѝ___ѝmanyѝmoreѝlessonsѝ inѝ___ѝacademicѝyear.ѝByѝ___ѝway,ѝsomeѝstudentsѝofѝ___ѝUniversityѝareѝ learningѝ___ѝGermanѝlanguage.ѝButѝ___ѝnumberѝofѝ___ѝstudentsѝlearningѝ
___ѝEnglishѝisѝmuchѝhigher.ѝ___ѝEnglishѝLanguageѝisѝ___ѝmostѝpopularѝ becauseѝitѝisѝ___ѝlanguageѝofѝinternationalѝcommunication.ѝ
46
Grammar: The degrees of comparison (adjectives)
(степени сравнения прилагательных)
Theѝpositiveѝѝ |
Theѝcomparativeѝѝ |
Theѝsuperlativeѝѝ |
(простая)ѝ |
(сравнительная)ѝ |
(превосходная)ѝ |
|
|
|
longѝѝ |
longerѝѝ |
longestѝ |
ѝболееѝдлительныйѝѝ самыйѝдлительныйѝ
popularѝѝ |
moreѝpopularѝѝ |
mostѝpopularѝ |
ѝ |
болееѝпопулярныйѝѝ |
самыйѝпопулярныйѝ |
ѝ
Одно-ѝиѝдвусложныеѝприлагательныеѝобразуютѝстепениѝсравне- нияѝсѝпомощьюѝсуффиксовѝ-er,ѝ-est,ѝмногосложныеѝприлагатель- ныеѝ—ѝсѝпомощьюѝсловѝmoreѝиѝmost.ѝ
И с к л ю ч е н и я :ѝ goodѝ—ѝbetterѝ—ѝtheѝbestѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝbadѝ—ѝworseѝ—ѝtheѝworstѝ muchѝ—ѝmoreѝ—theѝmostѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝѝmanyѝ—ѝmoreѝ—ѝtheѝmostѝ
littleѝ—ѝlessѝ—ѝtheѝleastѝ
ѝ
Note:ѝѝѝfarѝ—ѝfartherѝ—ѝtheѝfarthestѝ(оѝрасстоянии)ѝ
ѝѝѝfarѝ—ѝfurtherѝ—ѝtheѝfurthestѝ(оѝвремени)ѝ
Сочетаниеѝmany/muchѝ+ѝприлагательноеѝвѝсравнительнойѝстепениѝпереводитсяѝкакѝнамного:ѝѝ
manyѝmoreѝbooksѝ—ѝнамногоѝбольшеѝкнигѝ muchѝmoreѝpopularѝ—ѝнамногоѝболееѝпопулярныйѝ manyѝfewerѝpeopleѝ—ѝнамногоѝменьшеѝнародаѝ
*ѝSeeѝGrammarѝreferenceѝ
Exercise 1 Give the comparative and the superlative forms of these adjectives.
shortѝ |
youngѝ |
popularѝ |
firmѝ |
highѝ |
seriousѝ |
simpleѝ |
essentialѝ |
fastѝ |
happyѝ |
differentѝ |
reliableѝ |
rationalѝ |
intensiveѝ |
peacefulѝ |
easyѝ |
importantѝ |
bigѝ |
47
Exercise 2 Read and translate these word combinations.
1.ѝmanyѝmoreѝstudentsѝѝ |
8.ѝmuchѝfirmerѝ |
2.ѝmanyѝmoreѝlessonsѝѝ |
9.ѝmuchѝmoreѝdangerousѝ |
3.ѝmanyѝmoreѝchangesѝѝ |
10.ѝmuchѝmoreѝdifferentѝ |
4.ѝmanyѝmoreѝcrimesѝѝ |
11.ѝmuchѝbetterѝ |
5.ѝmanyѝmoreѝfirearmsѝѝ |
12.ѝmuchѝworseѝ |
6.ѝmanyѝmoreѝcountriesѝѝ |
13.ѝmuchѝmoreѝorderѝ |
7.ѝmanyѝmoreѝpolicemenѝ |
14.ѝmuchѝmoreѝrationalѝ |
Exercise 3 Translate these word combinations into English.
1.ѝбольшеѝзаконовѝ |
5.ѝгораздоѝтруднееѝ |
2.ѝменьшеѝпреступленийѝ |
6.ѝнамногоѝбольшеѝмашинѝѝ |
3.ѝбольшеѝвозможностейѝ |
7.ѝнамногоѝменьшеѝработыѝ |
4.ѝнамногоѝменьшеѝнародаѝ |
8.ѝбольшеѝпреподавателейѝ |
Exercise 4 Translate these sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the model.
а)ѝYouѝareѝolderѝthatѝme.ѝ—ѝТыѝстарше,ѝчемѝя.ѝѝ
1.ѝYouѝstudyѝbetterѝthatѝme.ѝ 2.ѝSheѝisѝtallerѝthanѝherѝfriend.ѝ 3.ѝWeѝcameѝhomeѝearlierѝthanѝusual.ѝ 4.ѝIt'sѝcolderѝtodayѝthanѝitѝwasѝyesterday.ѝ 5.ѝTheyѝhaveѝmoreѝmoneyѝthanѝus.ѝ 6.ѝMyѝfriendѝisѝmoreѝinterestedѝinѝCivilѝlawѝthanѝme.ѝ
b)ѝ Myѝ problemsѝ areѝ moreѝ importantѝ thanѝ yours.ѝ —ѝ Моиѝ проблемыѝ
важнее,ѝчемѝтвои.ѝ
1.ѝ Theѝ entranceѝ examsѝ wereѝ veryѝ difficult.ѝ Theyѝ wereѝ moreѝ difficultѝѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝѝthanѝweѝexpected.ѝ 2.ѝThisѝstudentѝisѝmoreѝhardworkingѝthanѝhisѝgroup-mate.ѝ 3.ѝHeѝdoesn'tѝknowѝmuch.ѝIѝknowѝmoreѝthanѝhim.ѝ 4.ѝTheѝsubjectsѝatѝtheѝUniversityѝareѝmoreѝinterestingѝthanѝatѝschool.ѝ
5.ѝAfterѝgraduationѝfromѝtheѝUniversityѝweѝwillѝbeѝmoreѝexperiencedѝѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝthanѝfreshmen.ѝ 6.ѝPetrolѝnowѝisѝmoreѝexpensiveѝthanѝitѝwasѝlastѝyear.ѝ
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c)ѝIѝamѝsorryѝIѝamѝlate.ѝIѝgotѝhereѝasѝfastѝasѝIѝcould.ѝ—ѝИзвинитеѝзаѝ опоздание.ѝЯѝдобралсяѝтакѝбыстро,ѝкакѝтолькоѝсмог.ѝ
1.ѝIѝdon'tѝknowѝasѝmuchѝaboutѝpoliticsѝasѝyouѝdo.ѝ 2.ѝHeѝisѝnotѝasѝbraveѝasѝhisѝcolleague.ѝ 3.ѝThisѝpatrolmanѝisѝasѝexperiencedѝasѝhisѝcolleague.ѝ 4.ѝMyѝfriendѝdidn'tѝdoѝasѝwellѝatѝtheѝexamѝasѝheѝhoped.ѝ 5.ѝIѝneedѝtheѝinformationѝquickly.ѝPleaseѝletѝmeѝknowѝasѝsoonѝasѝpossible.ѝѝ
6.ѝAfterѝgraduationѝfromѝtheѝUniversityѝweѝwillѝbeѝasѝqualifiedѝasѝourѝѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝprofessors,ѝwon'tѝwe?ѝ
Exercise 5 Translate these sentences into English.
1.Предметыѝвѝуниверситетеѝболееѝтрудные,ѝчемѝвѝшколе.ѝ
2.Мнеѝкажется,ѝчтоѝанглийскийѝязыкѝнеѝтакойѝтрудный,ѝкакѝрусский.ѝ
3.Сегодняѝзанятияѝзакончилисьѝпозже,ѝчемѝобычно.ѝ
4.Сейчасѝуѝменяѝбольшеѝдрузей,ѝчемѝбылоѝраньше.ѝ
5.Лекцииѝэтогоѝпрофессораѝболееѝинтересные.ѝ
6.Результатыѝ твоегоѝ тестаѝ неѝ оченьѝ хорошие.ѝ Яѝ уверен,ѝ тыѝ можешьѝнаписатьѝлучше.ѝ
7.Яѝдумал,ѝэтаѝмашинаѝстоитѝдороже.ѝ
8.Яѝпросматриваюѝсвоюѝпочтуѝтеперьѝгораздоѝреже,ѝпотомуѝчтоѝуѝ меняѝнетѝвремени.ѝ
9.Онѝзнаетѝэтоѝтакѝжеѝхорошо,ѝкакѝиѝты.ѝ
Grammar: The demonstrative pronouns
(указательные местоимения)
Singularѝ(единственноеѝчисло)ѝ |
Pluralѝ(множественноеѝчисло)ѝ |
thisѝэто,ѝэта,ѝэтотѝ |
theseѝэтиѝ |
thatѝто,ѝта,ѝтотѝ |
thoseѝтеѝ |
ѝ
Заѝместоимениямиѝthis,ѝthatѝследуетѝсуществительноеѝвѝединственномѝ числе.ѝЭтиѝместоименияѝтакжеѝмогутѝупотреблятьсяѝсамостоятельно,ѝ безѝсуществительных:ѝ
This/thatѝruleѝisѝclear.ѝ— Это/тоѝправилоѝпонятно.ѝ Iѝknowѝthis.ѝ— Яѝзнаюѝэто.ѝ
Whoѝisѝthat?ѝ— Ктоѝэто?ѝ
These/thoseѝrulesѝareѝclear.ѝ— Эти/теѝправилаѝпонятны.ѝ
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Exercise 1 Translate these sentences into English.
1.ѝЭтотѝчеловекѝнеѝоченьѝчестный.ѝ
2.ѝМнеѝнравитсяѝэтотѝпредмет.ѝ
3.ѝЭтотѝэкзаменѝоченьѝтрудный.ѝ
4.ѝОнѝстудентѝэтогоѝуниверситета.ѝ
5.ѝЭтиѝмолодыеѝлюдиѝстуденты.ѝ
6.ѝЭтаѝмашинаѝгорит!ѝ
7.ѝТеѝлюдиѝвызвалиѝполицию.ѝ
8.ѝЭтотѝполицейскийѝспасалѝпассажировѝгорящейѝмашины.ѝ 9.ѝЭтоѝсвидетелиѝтойѝаварии.ѝ(witnessesѝ—ѝсвидетели)ѝ 10.ѝТаѝмашинаѝпотерпелаѝаварию.ѝ
Exercise 2 a. Study the following ranks.
Captѝ |
Captainѝ |
Colѝ |
Colonelѝ |
Cplѝ |
Corporalѝ |
Genѝ |
Generalѝ |
Ltѝ |
Lieutenantѝ |
Majѝ |
Majorѝ |
Sgtѝ |
Sergeantѝ |
ѝ |
ѝ |
B. Discuss these questions.
1.Doѝ weѝ haveѝ theѝ correspondingѝ ranksѝ inѝ ourѝ militiaѝ andѝ Armedѝ Forces?ѝ
2.Wouldѝyouѝlikeѝtoѝmakeѝaѝcareerѝinѝlawѝenforcement?ѝDoѝyouѝwantѝtoѝ beѝaѝgeneral?ѝ
3.Isѝitѝeasyѝtoѝbeѝpromotedѝtoѝtheѝrankѝofѝaѝgeneral?ѝ
4.Whatѝqualitiesѝareѝnecessaryѝforѝaѝsuccessfulѝcareerѝinѝlawѝenforcement?ѝ
Exercise 3 Translate these sentences into English.
1.Яѝвсеѝвидел!ѝГрабительѝ(theѝrobber)ѝвышелѝизѝчернойѝмашины,ѝ перешелѝдорогуѝиѝвошелѝтоѝздание.ѝ
2.Капитанѝходилѝпоѝкомнате,ѝобдумываяѝпроблему.ѝѝ
3.Идиѝпоѝэтойѝтропинкеѝчерезѝлес,ѝиѝчерезѝчасѝподойдешьѝкѝреке.ѝ
4.Оперативникиѝопросилиѝвсехѝвѝэтомѝрайоне.ѝОниѝхотелиѝнайтиѝ свидетелейѝтойѝаварии.ѝ
5.Малолетнийѝправонарушительѝ(juvenileѝoffender)ѝперепрыгнулѝчерезѝзаборѝиѝпобежалѝпоѝулице,ѝпотомѝповернулѝзаѝуголѝиѝисчез.ѝ
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6.Пройдитеѝпрямоѝпоѝкоридору,ѝповернитеѝзаѝугол.ѝКабинетѝге- нералаѝ—ѝвѝконцеѝкоридора.ѝ
7.Черезѝ5ѝминутѝвсеѝужеѝсиделиѝвѝзалеѝиѝслушалиѝдокладѝминистра.ѝ Министрѝговорилѝоѝтом,ѝкакѝважнаѝдляѝмилицииѝпомощьѝграждан.ѝ
8.Этиѝмолодыеѝлейтенантыѝ—ѝнашиѝвыпускники.ѝ
Exercise 4 Reproduce the following text in English. Use a dictionary to look up the words you do not know.
Людская отвага
Начальникѝ УВДѝ г.ѝ Москвыѝ вручилѝ студентуѝ московскогоѝ вузаѝ СергеюѝИвановуѝценныйѝподарокѝиѝблагодарностьѝзаѝпомощьѝвѝ раскрытииѝпреступления.ѝ
Именноѝ благодаряѝ Сергеюѝ былѝ задержанѝ преступник,ѝ которыйѝ укралѝизѝцерковногоѝмагазинаѝвѝодномѝизѝрайоновѝМосквыѝзолотыеѝиѝсеребряныеѝизделия.ѝ
ВѝкритическойѝситуацииѝСергейѝпоступилѝкакѝгерой.ѝОнѝуслышалѝ крикиѝоѝпомощиѝиѝбросилсяѝнаѝвыручку.ѝЮношаѝпопыталсяѝостановитьѝпреступника,ѝноѝтотѝнеѝсобиралсяѝсдаватьсяѝиѝнесколькоѝ разѝударилѝСергея,ѝначаласьѝборьба.ѝНоѝнаѝпомощьѝСергеюѝподоспелиѝмилиционеры.ѝѝ
«Последнееѝвремяѝгражданеѝчастоѝпомогаютѝмилицииѝвѝпоискеѝиѝ задержанииѝпреступников»,ѝ—ѝсказалѝначальникѝУВД.ѝ—ѝ«Примерѝ томуѝ —ѝ нашѝ сегодняшнийѝ герой,ѝ двадцатилетнийѝ Сергейѝ Иванов».ѝ
Радуетѝто,ѝчтоѝестьѝлюди,ѝнеравнодушныеѝкѝчужойѝбеде.ѝВедьѝино- гдаѝдляѝтого,ѝчтобыѝспастиѝчью-тоѝжизнь,ѝдостаточноѝвсегоѝлишьѝ набратьѝ«02».ѝ
Over to you
Comment on the Arabian proverb, «Bravery without intelligence is not bravery». Do you agree with this idea? Write a paragraph expressing your opinion.
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Lesson 4
LAW ENFORCEMENT EDUCATION
«An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest»
Benjamin Franklin (1706—1790), one of the Founding Fathers of the USA
Starting up
Study the following
lawѝ |
lawѝenforcementѝ |
lawfulѝ |
lawyerѝ |
1)ѝзаконѝѝ |
1)ѝправовоеѝприну- |
законныйѝ |
юрист;ѝадвокатѝѝ |
justѝlawѝ—ѝсправед- |
ждение;ѝправопри- |
ѝ |
practicingѝlawyerѝ |
ливыйѝзаконѝ |
менение;ѝпримене- |
lawѝandѝorderѝ |
практикующийѝ |
unwrittenѝlawѝ—ѝне- |
ниеѝзаконаѝѝ |
правопорядокѝ |
юрист,ѝадвокатѝѝ |
писаныйѝзаконѝѝ |
2)ѝобеспечениеѝпра- |
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вопорядка;ѝдеятель- |
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2)ѝправо;ѝправове- |
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ностьѝправоохрани- |
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дение,ѝюриспру- |
тельныхѝоргановѝ |
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денцияѝ |
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ѝ |
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3)ѝпрофессияѝюри- |
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стаѝѝ |
law-enforcementѝпра- |
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воохранительныйѝ |
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Exercise 1 Translate these examples into Russian.
1.Itѝisѝagainstѝtheѝlawѝtoѝsmokeѝinѝaѝlift.ѝ
2.Thereѝareѝlawsѝagainstѝdrinkingѝinѝtheѝstreet.ѝ
3.She'sѝgoingѝtoѝstudyѝlawѝatѝUniversity.ѝ
4.Allѝcitizensѝareѝequalѝbeforeѝtheѝlaw.ѝ
5.Sheѝisѝlawfulѝownerѝofѝtheѝproperty.ѝ
6.Inѝitsѝearlyѝdays,ѝtheѝAmericanѝWestѝwasѝfullѝofѝlawlessѝmen.ѝ
7.Lawѝenforcementѝagencyѝisѝanѝagencyѝresponsibleѝforѝinsuringѝobedienceѝtoѝtheѝlaws.ѝ
8.Ifѝyouѝwantѝtoѝmakeѝyourѝwillѝ(завещание),ѝconsultѝaѝlawyer.ѝ
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Exercise 2 Read and translate these words.
captainѝ |
toѝincludeѝ |
concernedѝ |
computerѝ |
colonelѝ |
justiceѝ |
countryѝ |
practiceѝ |
correspondenceѝ |
dictionaryѝ |
detectiveѝ |
correctionalѝ |
educationѝ |
curriculumѝ |
activityѝ |
currentѝ |
correctѝ |
commonѝ |
certainѝ |
completeѝ |
publicѝ |
criminalѝ |
collegeѝ |
policeѝ |
Exercise 3 Form the plural of these words.
chanceѝ |
bureauѝ |
lawyerѝ |
agentѝ |
systemѝ |
gymnasiumѝ |
passengerѝ |
dictionaryѝ |
partyѝ |
sergeantѝ |
degreeѝ |
ministerѝ |
rankѝ |
serviceѝ |
sentenceѝ |
questionѝ |
answerѝ |
scienceѝ |
Exercise 4 Make these word combinations plural.
thisѝtea-cupѝ thisѝwomanѝ aѝheroѝ ourѝgymnasiumѝ
thatѝcityѝ thisѝpoliceѝ thisѝdiagnosisѝ thisѝmemorandumѝ
thatѝfreshmanѝ thisѝmatrixѝ thatѝlibraryѝ theirѝchildѝ
Exercise 5 Translate from Russian into English.
а)ѝчерезѝ2ѝдня;ѝсѝпрошлогоѝгода;ѝвечером;ѝзимой;ѝкѝзавтрашнемуѝ дню;ѝвѝдвадцатьѝминутѝтретьего;ѝчерезѝдорогу;ѝпоѝулице;ѝнадѝстолом;ѝпередѝдомом;ѝсѝутраѝдоѝвечера;ѝсредиѝдрузей;ѝзаѝгаражом;ѝчерезѝлес;ѝписатьѝручкой;ѝпамятникѝПушкину;ѝнижеѝнуляѝ
б)ѝ1.ѝОнѝперешелѝчерезѝдорогуѝиѝвошелѝвѝзданиеѝинститута.ѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝ2.ѝОнаѝходилаѝпоѝкомнате.ѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝ3.ѝМыѝокончимѝуниверситетѝчерезѝ4ѝгода.ѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝ4.ѝДнемѝяѝзанятѝсѝдвухѝчасовѝдоѝтрех.ѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝ5.ѝПатрульнаяѝмашинаѝпроехалаѝмимоѝбанкаѝиѝповернулаѝзаѝугол.ѝ
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Exercise 6 Complete these sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
1.Iѝ___________ѝ(toѝattend)ѝmyѝclassesѝatѝtheѝUniversityѝeveryѝday.ѝ
2.Myѝfatherѝ_____ѝ(toѝwork)ѝasѝaѝdetectiveѝandѝ(toѝretire)ѝtwoѝyearsѝago.ѝ
3.Aѝpolicemanѝ___________ѝ(toѝrescue)ѝtwoѝpeopleѝfromѝaѝburningѝcar.ѝ
4.Someѝpeopleѝ________ѝ(toѝsee)ѝtheѝaccidentѝyesterdayѝandѝ_______ѝ (toѝcall)ѝtheѝpolice.ѝ
5.__________ѝyouѝ(toѝsee)ѝhimѝnextѝSaturday?ѝ
6.Weѝ___________ѝ(toѝtake)ѝtheѝexamsѝinѝthreeѝdays.ѝ
7.Allѝ studentsѝ ____________ѝ (toѝ focus)ѝ onѝ police-relatedѝ sciences,ѝ whenѝtheyѝ(toѝstudy)ѝatѝtheѝPoliceѝAcademy.ѝ
8.Thisѝ yourѝfreshmenѝ_____ѝ (toѝ graduate)ѝfromѝ theѝUniversityѝ inѝ 5ѝ years.ѝ
Grammar: Noun suffixes
(суффиксы существительных)
Многиеѝсуществительные,ѝобозначающиеѝпрофессиюѝилиѝисполни- теляѝкакого-либоѝдействия,ѝаѝтакжеѝприбор,ѝприспособление,ѝобра- зуютсяѝотѝглаголовѝбезѝчастицыѝtoѝсѝпомощьюѝсуффиксаѝ-erѝ
toѝteachѝ—ѝteacherѝѝѝучитьѝ—ѝучитель,ѝпреподавательѝ toѝlearnѝ—ѝlearnerѝѝѝучитьѝ—ѝучащийсяѝ
Exercise 1 Translate these words.
inspectorѝ |
operatorѝ |
detectorѝ |
ѝinformatoryѝ |
mixerѝ |
photographerѝ |
correctorѝ |
New-Yorkerѝ |
lawyerѝ |
prisonerѝ |
offenderѝ |
embezzlementѝ |
ѝ
Многиеѝсуществительныеѝобразуютсяѝотѝглаголовѝбезѝчастицыѝtoѝсѝ помощьюѝ суффиксаѝ -tion.ѝ Вариантыѝ этогоѝ суффикса:ѝ -ation,ѝѝ -cation,ѝ -sionѝ (discussionѝ -дискуссия,ѝ обсуждение).ѝ Существитель- ныеѝсѝэтимиѝсуффиксами,ѝаѝтакжеѝсѝсуффиксамиѝ-ence,ѝance,ѝобо- значаютѝдействие,ѝпроцесс,ѝсостояние.ѝ
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Exercise 2 Translate these nouns.
identificationѝ |
arbitrationѝ |
sanctionѝ |
jurisdictionѝ |
subordinationѝ |
distanceѝ |
residenceѝ |
correspondenceѝ |
allianceѝ |
jurisprudenceѝ |
licenseѝ |
influenceѝ |
financeѝ |
ambulanceѝ |
importanceѝ |
conferenceѝ |
ѝ
Существительныеѝ сѝ суффиксомѝ -ityѝ имеютѝ значениеѝ состояния,ѝ положения,ѝсвойства,ѝкачестваѝ(equalityѝ—ѝравенство)ѝ
Exercise 3 Translate these nouns.
stabilityѝ |
realityѝ |
identityѝ |
individualityѝ |
popularityѝ |
regularityѝ |
activityѝ |
criminalityѝ |
responsibilityѝ |
legalityѝ |
authenticityѝ |
formalityѝ |
quantityѝ |
radioactivityѝ |
quantityѝ |
nationalityѝ |
ѝ
Существительныеѝ сѝ суффиксомѝ -mentѝ обозначаютѝ действиеѝ илиѝ событиеѝ(movementѝ—ѝдвижение)ѝ
Exercise 4 Translate these nouns. |
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governmentѝ |
developmentѝ |
appointmentѝ |
improvementѝ |
establishmentѝ |
achievementѝ |
agreementѝ |
punishmentѝ |
confinementѝ |
infringementѝ |
judgmentѝ |
harassmentѝ |
Exercise 5 Make the corresponding verbs from these nouns.
writerѝ |
doerѝ |
readerѝ |
travelerѝ |
translatorѝ |
investigatorѝ |
robberѝ |
constructorѝ |
Exercise 6 Make the corresponding nouns using one of the suffixes above. Sometimes more than one variant is possible.
toѝworkѝ toѝmanageѝ toѝadministrateѝ toѝgovernѝ
toѝinvestigateѝ toѝqualifyѝ toѝincludeѝ ѝtoѝrecruitѝ
toѝassistѝ toѝapplyѝ toѝeducateѝ toѝachieveѝ
toѝassociateѝ toѝenforceѝ toѝformѝѝ toѝappointѝ
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