V. Put the words in the right order to make a statement:

1. The, both, Bridge, long, tall, Akashi, is, and, Kaikyo, extremely.

2. Building, had to, Japanese, the weather, also, consider, the bridge, engineers.

2. The TMDs, the direction, the bridge, of the wind, sway, balancing, against.

3. is, triangular, with, of, complex, the bridge, network, braces, supported.

4. the, suspension, cable, Bridge, steel, bridge, was, the first, to, Brooklyn, use, its, wire, for.

5. underwater, an, American, a caisson, device, for, engineers, the, first, time, used, called, explosives, in.

6. Before, even, engineer, construction, the bridge's, died, began, chief.

VI. Read the text below and decide which answer a, b, c, or d best fits each space. Circle your answer.

Today, some call it the "most (1) _____ bridge in the world." But a century ago, (2) ______ the Golden Gate Bridge seemed like an impossible task. Any bridge in this location would have to (3) ______ brutal winds, tide, and fog. It would also (4) _____ less than eight miles from the epicenter of the most catastrophic earthquake in history. Only one engineer was (5) ____ to gamble that his bridge could withstand such (6) ____ power. His name was Joseph Strauss. Strauss used more than one million tons of concrete to build the (7)_____ -- the massive blocks that grip the bridge's supporting cables. The north (8) ____ , which supports the tower, was built easily on a (9) _____ ledge 20 feet below the water. But on the southern San Francisco side, Strauss had to build his pier in the open ocean, 100 feet below the surface. He built a huge water-tight (10) ____ -- big enough to enclose a football field -- and pumped in hundreds of tons of concrete. By 1935, the towers were (11) ____ , and cable-spinning began. Two years later, the bridge was finished. Strauss completed the $27 million bridge only five months after the promised date and $1.3 million under budget. For his (12) ____ , Strauss received $1 million and a lifetime bridge pass.

1. A spectacle B spectacular C spectacled D spectator

2. A building B being built C built D to have built

3. A support B stand C oppose D withstand

4. A sit B sat C sitting D stands

5. A in wills B will C desired D willing

6. A destruct B destructive C destruction D destructed

7. A anchorages B anchorage C anchor D piers

8. A span B tower C pier D anchorage

9. A bedpost B bedrench C bedrop D bedrock

10. A TDM B cofferdam C tube D tunnel

11. A completed B ended C being built D complete

12. A effort B efforts C skills D skill

Famous Moveable Bridges

Text 5: Tower Bridge

Lead-in

1. Work with a partner to discuss the following questions and choose answers.

1. Everybody who has ever been to Great Britain can recollect its famous Tower Bridge. Where is it situated?

a) Cardiff b) London c) Edinburgh d) Oxford e) Cambridge

2. Why is this bridge called Tower Bridge? What do you think?

a) it has towers b) it is located close to the Tower c) Tower was the constructor of the bridge d) it looks like a tower

3. How old is the bridge?

a) about 100 years old b) about 200 years old c) about 150 years old

4. Look at the picture of Tower Bridge. What type is it?

a) cantilever b) arch c) bascule d) truss e) beam

f) suspension

5. Tower Bridge has two leaves that weigh more than 1, 000 tones. What time does it take to raise them?

a) 10 minutes b) 5 minutes c) 3 minutes d) 2 minutes

e) 1 minute

6. What materials were chiefly used to construct Tower Bridge?

a) bricks and concrete b ) concrete and steel c) glass and steel

d) granite