- •Пояснительная записка.
- •Пятый – dc generator characteristics.
- •Cедьмой – Alternators
- •I семестр.
- •II семестр.
- •Unit 1. Electrical safety. Lesson 1.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Make up the negative from the following words using the negative prefixes: dis-, un-, im-, non-, ill-. Translate them.
- •Translate into English the words in brackets.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the following text. The main reasons of electrical traumatism and means of protection against it.
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Complete the table choosing the right words in each column.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Прочитайте, переведите предложения на русский язык, определите формы герундия.
- •2. Поставьте данные глаголы во все формы герундия.
- •3. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в форму Active или Passive.
- •4. Выберите соответствующую форму герундия.
- •Lesson 2.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise.
- •Translate into Russian. Make up your own sentences with these word combinations.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text. Some rules for safe practice and avoiding electric shocks.
- •7. Make sure you have properly understood the meaning of the text:
- •8. Translate into English.
- •9. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Поставьте следующие глаголы во все формы герундия.
- •2. Прочитайте, переведите и сравните.
- •3. Поставьте глаголы в активной или пассивной форме герундия.
- •4. Сопоставьте части предложений.
- •5. Определите форму герундия и переведите предложения на русский язык.
- •Homereading. First aid for electric shock.
- •Vocabulary:
- •Определите правильное окончание предложений.
- •2. Ответьте на вопросы.
- •3. Выберите соответствующий предлог из предложенных.
- •4. Восстановите отрывок из текста, вставив пропущенные слова.
- •5. Расскажите наизусть три правила, которые надо выполнять, оказывая помощь при поражении электрическим током.
- •6. Переведите на английский язык.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •2. Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian
- •3. What part of speech do the given words belong to: noun, verb, preposition, adjective, adverb, conjunction, cardinal numeral.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •5. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •6. Answer the questions.
- •7. Complete word combinations.
- •8. Complete the sentences.
- •9. Make up the sentences putting the words in right order.
- •10. Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Переведите предложения, содержащие герундий (в форме Indefinite Active) в роли подлежащего. Помните, что после герундия может использоваться прямое дополнение (без предлога!)
- •2. Переведите предложения, в которых герундий играет роль смысловой части сказуемого.
- •3. Переведите на английский, используя словосочетания worth(while) – стоит, cannot help – нельзя не, no use – нет смысла, после которых используется герундий.
- •Lesson 5. Main Switchboard.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Insert some of word combinations of ex. 1 into the following sentences.
- •Find the international words in text.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete word combinations consulting the text, translate them into Russian.
- •Make up the sentences.
- •Speak about:
- •Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Восстановите предложения, поставив данные глаголы в форму герундия.
- •2. Поставьте глаголы в активную или пассивную форму герундия.
- •4. Переведите предложения, выделяя герундий в роли обстоятельства. Особое внимание уделяйте предлогам.
- •Переведите предложения, определите функции подлежащего, определения и обстоятельства.
- •Lesson 6. Motor Controls.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Insert some of word combinations of ex. 1 into the following sentences.
- •Name the antonyms for following words.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the sentences inserting the missing words.
- •Speak about:
- •Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на предлоги, стоящие перед герундием:
- •2. Переведите предложения, в которых дополнение выражено герундием.
- •4. Переведите на английский язык.
- •Lesson 7. Ship's Auxiliary Services.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Insert some of word combinations of ex. 1 into the following sentences.
- •Make up words using the following suffixes and translate them.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Complete the word combinations. Translate them into Russian.
- •Insert the missing words:
- •Translate into English.
- •Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •Определите функции герундия и переведите предложения на русский язык.
- •Homereading. Magnets. Magnetism.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Exercises.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the sentences.
- •Restore the sentences.
- •Choose the correct word corresponding the content of the sentence.
- •Correspond the term and its explanation.
- •Translate into English.
- •Unit 3. Elementary concepts of Rotating Machines. Lesson 9-11.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Write down from the text 5 words corresponding to one of following parts of speech. Complete the table.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •6. Translate word combinations in brackets into English.
- •7. Complete the sentences with given words.
- •8. Explain the meaning of the following terms in English.
- •8. Speak about:
- •9. Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •2. Образуйте герундиальный оборот.
- •3. Перефразируйте предложения, используя герундиальный оборот.
- •5. Переведите на английский язык.
- •Unit 4. Dc machines constructing parts. Lessons 12-14.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •2. Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •3. Translate into Russian the following word chains with the same root and explain the means of their formation.
- •4. Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •5. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary. Grooves - канавки
- •Answer the questions.
- •What do we call:
- •Check your comprehension of the text by answering the following multiple-choice questions:
- •A. The rotating part of the dc generator
- •B. Converter
- •Translate into English.
- •9. Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Расположите по порядку:
- •2. Расположите по порядку:
- •3. Переведите предложения, определяя, какой частью речи является ing-форма: герундием, отглагольным существительным или причастием.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Translate into English.
- •Find the answers to the questions.
- •Write down what of these features of a generator and an electric motor are common, what features belong to the generator and what features belong to the electric motor.
- •Translate into English.
- •Unit 5. Dc generator characteristics. Lesson 1-2.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Answer the questions.
- •What do we call:
- •Read and the following text.
- •Translate into English.
- •Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •Read and translate the sentences with subject clause.
- •Read and translate the sentences with predicative clause.
- •Unit 6. Dc motor characteristics. Lessons 3-4.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Torque vs. Armature current
- •2. Comparing torque of cumulative compound 3. Compare speed of cumulative compound
- •Comparison of torque and speed characteristics
- •Motor torque characteristics Motor speed characteristics
- •Vocabulary.
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •6. Check your comprehension of the text by answering the following multi-choice questions:
- •Translate into English.
- •Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •Read and translate the following sentences. Define the object clauses.
- •Unit 7. Alternators. Lesson 6.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the following text.
- •1 Gramme-ring single-phase armature 2 Gramme-ring three-phase armature
- •Vocabulary
- •Make up word combinations. Translate them and find them in the text.
- •Check your comprehension of the text by finding the right variant of questions:
- •Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Переведите предложения, определите придаточные определительные.
- •Lesson 7-8.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •2. Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •3. Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •4. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •6. Never looking into the text try to complete the following sentences:
- •7. Listen to the texts one more time and check your comprehension of the texts by answering the following multi-choice questions:
- •8. Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •1. Read and translate the adverbial clause of time.
- •2. Read and translate the adverbial clause of place.
- •3. Define the adverbial clauses: of place or of time.
- •Unit 8. Synchronous machines. Lesson 10.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •2. Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •3. Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •4. Read and translate the text.
- •1 Synchronous-motor-rotor pole
- •Vocabulary.
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •6. Never looking into the text try to complete the following sentences:
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •Read and translate the sentences with adverbial clause of reason.
- •2. Read and translate the sentences with adverbial clause of purpose.
- •3. Define sentences with clause of reason and clause of purpose.
- •Lesson 11.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the sentences while translating word combinations into English.
- •Check your comprehension of the text by finding the right variant of questions:
- •Translate into English.
- •Speak about:
- •Grammar exercises.
- •Read and translate the sentences with the adverbial clause of condition.
- •Read and translate the sentences with the clause of manner.
- •Define the sentences with the clauses of condition and manner.
- •Lesson 12.
- •Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Fill in the missing words:
- •Translate into English.
- •Speak about constructional features of synchronous machines. Grammar exercises.
- •Read and translate the sentences with the adverbial of comparison.
- •Read and translate the sentences with the adverbial of concession.
- •Define the sentences with the adverbials of comparison and concession.
- •Unit 9. Troubleshooting and repair. Lesson 13.
- •1. Find the equivalents of following word combinations.
- •2. Complete the sentences with words given in previous exercise and translate them into Russian.
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •Instrument Use.
- •Vocabulary.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. Fill in the blanks with proper words and phrases.
- •6. Check your comprehension by answering the following multi-choice questions:
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Speak about:
- •Lesson 14. Motor Troubleshooting.
- •Translate this table into Russian in writing.
- •Match symptoms with probable faults. Try not to use the table.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Testing
- •Repairs
- •Translate into English.
- •Read and translate the table in writing.
- •Match symptoms with probable faults. Try not to use the table.
- •Read and translate the text
- •Answer the questions.
- •9. Fill in the blanks with proper words and phrases:
- •10. Speak about:
- •11. Below you will find multiple choice questions on the troubleshooting and repair. By answering them you will be able to check your knowledge on the topic.
- •Homereading.
- •Translate into Russian.
- •Translate into Russian.
- •Vocabulary.
- •Find the answers to the questions of the left column.
- •Complete the sentences.
- •Fill in the gabs with the missing words.
- •Приложение.
- •1. Герундий
- •3. Типы придаточных предложений в английском языке
- •Лексический минимум.
- •I семестр.
- •II семестр.
- •Использованная литература.
Homereading. Magnets. Magnetism.
A magnet is any object that has a magnetic field. It attracts ferrous objects like pieces of iron, steel, nickel and cobalt. The discovery of magnetism dates back to the ancient shepherds of Asia Minor. They noticed that the iron tips of their staffs were attracted to certain types of stones. These stones were NATURAL MAGNETS known as LODESTONES, meaning "leading stone." The shepherds also observed that the iron tips of the staffs, if left in contact with lodestones, soon acquired the ability to attract other pieces of iron. While these ancients did not understand WHY these things happened, they were observing two types of magnets, NATURAL and ARTIFICIAL.
These days magnets are made artificially in various shapes and sizes depending on their use. One of the most common magnets - the bar magnet - is a long, rectangular bar of uniform cross-section that attracts pieces of ferrous objects. The magnetic compass needle is also commonly used. The compass needle is a tiny magnet which is free to move horizontally on a pivot. One end of the compass needle points in the North direction and the other end points in the South direction.
The end of a freely pivoted magnet will always point in the North-South direction.
The end that points in the North is called the North Pole of the magnet and the end that points South is called the South Pole of the magnet. It has been proven by experiments that like magnetic poles repel each other whereas unlike poles attract each other.
Magnetic Fields
What is a magnetic field? The space surrounding a magnet, in which magnetic force is exerted, is called a magnetic field. If a bar magnet is placed in such a field, it will experience magnetic forces. However, the field will continue to exist even if the magnet is removed. The direction of magnetic field at a point is the direction of the resultant force acting on a hypothetical North Pole placed at that point.
Magnetic field.
How is a magnetic field created?
When current flows in a wire, a magnetic field is created around the wire. From this it has been inferred that magnetic fields are produced by the motion of electrical charges. A magnetic field of a bar magnet thus results from the motion of negatively charged electrons in the magnet.
Magnetic Lines of Force
Just as an electric field is described by drawing the electric lines of force, in the same way, a magnetic field is described by drawing the magnetic lines of force. When a small north magnetic pole is placed in the magnetic field created by a magnet, it will experience a force. And if the North Pole is free, it will move under the influence of magnetic field. The path traced by a North magnetic pole free to move under the influence of a magnetic field is called a magnetic line of force. In other words, the magnetic lines of force are the lines drawn in a magnetic field along which a north magnetic pole would move.
The direction of a magnetic line of force at any point gives the direction of the magnetic force on a north pole placed at that point. Since the direction of magnetic line of force is the direction of force on a North Pole, so the magnetic lines of force always begin on the N-pole of a magnet and end on the S-pole of the magnet. A small magnetic compass when moved along a line of force always sets itself along the line tangential to it. So, a line drawn from the South Pole of the compass to its North Pole indicates the direction of the magnetic field.
Properties of the magnetic lines of force
The magnetic lines of force originate from the North Pole of a magnet and end at its South Pole.
The magnetic lines of force come closer to one another near the poles of a magnet but they are widely separated at other places.
The magnetic lines of force do not intersect (or cross) one another.
When a magnetic compass is placed at different points on a magnetic line of force, it aligns itself along the tangent to the line of force at that point.
These are just some of the basic concepts of magnetism. One cannot possibly grasp the depth and appreciate the versatility of magnets without reading more about the uses of magnets, the Earth as a huge magnet and electromagnetism among other things.