4. Here are some quotations about journalisms:

1. "Journalism is in fact history on the run." – Thomas Griffith

2. "A newspaper consists of just the same number of words, whether there be any news in it or not." – Henry Fielding

3. "A petty reason perhaps why novelists more and more try to keep a distance from journalists is that novelists are trying to write the truth and journalists are trying to write fiction." – Graham Greene

4. "I believe in equality for everyone, except reporters and photographers." – Mahatma Gandhi

5. "I don't care what you say about me, as long as you say something about me, and as long as you spell my name right." – George M. Cohan

6. "News is like food: it is the cooking and serving that makes it acceptable, not the material itself." – Rose Macaulay

7. "A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is just putting on its shoes." – Mark Twain

8. "Never trust a reporter who has a nice smile." – William Rauch

9. "They kill good trees to put out bad newspapers." – James G. Watt

10. "Journalism is organized gossip." – Edward Egglestone

11. "When there is good news, and it is news, we do report it, but usually news is a record of human failure. Those wanting to celebrate human accomplishment are, as someone said, advised to go to the sports section." – Linda Ellerbee

12. "In journalism, there has always been a tension between getting it first and getting it right." – Ellen Goodman

Render the following:

Ukrainian mass media

Nobody can doubt the role of the press in present-day life. It is extremely important. People in our country are great readers of newspaper and magazi­nes. A lot of them subscribe to various papers and journals which are delivered to their homes. “Facty” is a local independent paper, and its circula­tion is very big, because this newspaper informs the readers of local and nati­onal events. Besides, there are such magazines as “Vitchizna”, “Vsesvit”, newspapers “News from Ukraine” and “Digest” which are pub­lished in English. Their contents deal with very burning problems of our pre­sent day life and history, sometimes they are amusing and entertaining and touch upon cultural and sport events. In any case they help the readers to improve their English.

There are also magazines for children, young people and women, socio­political, literary, scientific, popular-scientific, sport and satirical periodicals. They can be daily, weekly, quarterly or monthly.

There is a wide network of TV and radio broadcasting in our country. Te­levision is now increasingly being used to analyse the socio-economic progress taking place in Ukraine. It focuses more on reports, discussions, commenta­ries and dialogues with viewers. They discuss ways of improving Ukrainian economy and solving social problems. After such discussions there are tens of thousands of phone calls from viewers, all of which are not left unanswered.

Many people watch TV at leisure. One can choose the programme one likes best. Those who like music can listen to various concerts. Sport fans can watch football or hockey matches. Television extends our knowledge about the world in which we live. Millions of people can see different lands, new plants, unusual animals and birds, mountains and valleys.

The national radio-and-television network of Ukraine is made up of go­vernment-run and non-government-run companies. Ukraine is a member of the International Telecommunication Union and an active participant in the Intervision network, created under ITU auspices. The state TV and Radio Com­pany operates two channels and includes editorial services specializing in po­litical analysis, public-political programmes, current information, youth and sport programmes. There also have appeared the increasingly popular non-government TV companies “Tet-a-Tet”, “UTAR”, “Gravis”, etc.

Among Ukraine’s information agencies there are the “UKRINFORM” (Ukrainian National Information Agency), the Ukrainian Independent Information Agency Respublika (UNIAR), the Ukrainian Inde­pendent News Agency Interfax-Ukraina (UNIAN), etc. These agencies have correspondents and reporters in every administrative region and abroad and disseminate press, radio, photo, video and TV information both within and outside Ukraine. Professional journalists are associated in the National press Club, a public politically non-officiated organization whose main tar­get and purpose consist in extending contacts among the media people in Ukraine and beyond its borders, and in improving the Ukrainian journa­lists’ professional experience.