1. Answer the questions

1. What is drill ship?

2. What is a jack-up rig?

3. How are the bottoms of legs fastened to the seafloor?

4. When will a guidance system be especially necessary?

2. Find equivalents from the text

система безопасности будет особенно необходима

волны мало влияют на платформы

бурение ведется на свободно перемещающихся платформах

обычно укреплены на морском дне

океаническое судно с башенной вышкой в центре.

3. Write Tense and Voice and translate the forms below:

Is done_____________________________________________

Are used____________________________________________

Are associated_______________________________________

Will roll____________________________________________

Is held______________________________________________

Affects______________________________________________

Are cranked__________________________________________

Have been replaced____________________________________

Is pulled down________________________________________

4. Find the Infinitive and Participles in these sentences, mark their functions and translate the sentences:

1. Storage tanks for produced oil may be built into the underwater base section.

2. For both fixed and floating rigs, the drill pipe must still transmit both rotary power and drilling mud to the bit.

3. In some platforms the legs have been replaced by cables fastened to the seatfloor.

4. A guidance system will be especially necessary if the well is to be put into production after drilling platform is moved away.

5. Fixed platforms, which rest on the seatfloor, are very stable.

6. A guidance system must be in place to allow equipment and tools from the surface to enter the well bore.

7. drill ships will roll and pitch from wave action, making the drilling difficult.

5 Construct the following sentences and translate them:

1. Usually, are, to the, pilings, with, seatfloor, of the legs, the bottoms.

2. Obtained, a more, vessels, platform, stable, with, semisubmersible, is.

3. Oil, underwater, may, storage, for, section, into, the, produced, built, tanks, be, base.

4. These, deep, typically, in, to, water, up, operate, metres, too, platforms.

5.3 Well logging and drill-stem testing

After the borehole has penetrated a potential productive zone, the formations must be tested to determine if expensive completion procedures should be used. The first evaluation is usually made using well-logging methods. The logging tool is lowered into the well by a steel cable and is pulled past the formations while response signals are relayed to the surface for observation and recording. Often these tools make use of the difference in electrical conductivities of rock, water, and petroleum to detect possible oil or gas accumulations. Other logging tools use differences in radioactivity, neutron absorption, and acoustic wave absorption. Well-log analysts can use the recorded signals to determine potential producing formations and their exact depth. Only a production test, however, can establish the potential productivity of a formation.

The production test normally employed is the drill-stem test, in which a testing tool is attached to the bottom of the drill pipe and is lowered to a point opposite the formation to be tested. The tool is equipped with expandable seals for isolating the formation from the rest of the borehole, and the drill pipe is emptied of mud so that formation fluid can enter. When enough time has passed, the openings into the tool are closed and the drill pipe is brought to the surface so that its contents may be measured. The amounts of oil and gas that flow into the drill pipe during the test and the recorded pressures are used to judge the production potential of the formation. (If there is gas present in the formation, the gas may flow from the top of the drill pipe during the test.) Similar tools are available that can seal off and test a formation in a cased well bore or that can bring a small sample of produced reservoir fluid to the surface at reservoir pressures.

 

1. Answer the questions

1. When are the openings into the tool closed?

2. How is the first evaluation usually made?

3. What can establish the potential productivity of a formation?

4. How is the logging tool lowered into the well?

5. What is the tool equipped with for isolating the formation from the rest of the borehole?

2. Find equivalents from the text

опускается в скважину на стальном тросе

образцы нефти и газа, которые попадают в обсадную трубу

проводимость породы, воды

доставляются на поверхность для рассмотрения и регистрации

оценить производственный потенциал месторождения

3. Complete the sentences

1. The amounts of…………… flow into the drill pipe during the test.

2. Logging tools use differences in………………

3. Similar tools can bring………………………..to the surface at reservoir pressures.

4. Well-log analysts can use the recorded signals to ………….

5. Similar tools are available that can ………………. in a cased well bore.

4. Make the following sentences negative and put into the interrogative.

1. The first evaluation is usually made using well-logging methods.

2. only a production test can establish the potential productivity of a formation.

3. Other logging tools use differences in radioactivity, neutron absorption, and acoustic wave absorption.

4. Often these tools make use of the difference in electrical conductivities of rock, water, and petroleum to detect possible oil or gas accumulations.