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Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України

Національний педагогічний університет імені М.П. Драгоманова

Кафедра теорії і методології соціології

РЕФЕРАТ

Тема: «НАЙБІЛЬШ ВАЖЛИВІ АГЕНТИ СОЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ»

Виконала аспірантка першого року навчання_______ /Зорба Н.Ф./

Київ – 2012

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF UKRAINE

NATIONAL TEACHER’S TRAINING UNIVERSITY

BY M.P. DRAGOMANOV

REPORT

Topic: «The Most Important Agents of Socialization»

Performed by

Zorba Natalia Fedorivna

Kyiv – 2012

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………..4

1. Classification of the agents of socialization……………………….....5

2. Family as an agent of socialization…………………………………..6

3. Influence of the school institute on socialization.................................8

4. Peer group as an agent of socialization………………………………9

5. Influence of mass media and technology institutes on socialization..11

6. Influence of workplace as an agent of socialization............................15

7. Role of the state on socialization.........................................................16

CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………...17

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………......18

Introduction

Actuality of the theme of this report is conditioned by the changes, which take place in modern society. The characteristic feature of these changes is pluralism, i.e. assumption of simultaneous coexistence of various points of view. Old class divisions, distinctions between regions, religions, ethnic minorities lost their meaningfulness in the modern world, have given exceptional space to self-expression in the obscure structure of present society. In such conditions new requirements are brought forth for the institutes, which are directly related to the socialization of personality.

Socialization of personality as a process of transmission of values is carried out by means of social agents (institutes), the most important from which are family, education, coevals and mass medias. Thus part from them, for example, education, participates in the directed socialization, other in spontaneous, which represents direct intercourse of people, in the process of which an exchange of activity, abilities and skills is conducted, as well as the translation of value.

The object of research is socialization.

The subject of our report is agents of socialization.

The purpose of the report is an analysis and description of agents of socialization of personality.

According to the indicated purpose we have set the followings tasks before us:

1. To outline family as an agent of socialization.

2. To analyse influence of the school institute on socialization.

3. To investigate peer group as an agent of socialization.

4. To consider the influence of mass media and technology institutes on socialization.

5. To determine the influence of workplace as an agent of socialization.

6. To indicate the role of the state on socialization.

1. Classification of the agents of socialization

Sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists as well as educationalist and politicians use the word socialization in reference to the process through which an individual inherits the norms, customs and ideologies of the social order they live in. Socialization is necessary for making an individual capable of interacting within the society and a society itself shares the common values, customs, norms, traditions, languages, etc. Socialization is a lifelong process by which one keeps learning and developing oneself as a human begin. A person learns socialization through agents of socialization.

The process of socialization is very important as it teaches one to behave in a society. Without socialization, one would not be able to learn the accepted customs, norms, symbols, languages and behavior. Socialization helps one develop and shape ones place in society by learning social skills. As a person moves through society, he needs to alter his behavior according to the individuals and agents of society. In a society, an individual or institution has the task of inculcating the social order in an individual. These individuals or institutions are called agents of socialization. The transfer of rules, expectations, values, etc. is carried out by these agents. Let us see some of the agents that help shape a healthy society through healthy socialization.

According to the definition, it is the people like parents, peers, social institutions like schools and religious institutions that help in integration of an individual with society. The four major agents of socialization in society are family, school, community culture and peers (friends). The other agents include mass media, gender and work. These agents are divided into socialization groups. These socialization groupings are as follows:

Primary Agents

The primary agents of socialization include those people who are closest to an individual. These primary agents include family and friends. The most important primary agent of socialization, family, plays an important role in shaping the life and behavior of an individual within the society.

Secondary Agents

The secondary agents of socialization are those institutions or places that help an individual find his place within the society. These include religious institutions, schools, work places, etc. The secondary agent of socialization, school, helps a child in improving social skills that helps the individual in integrating well with the society around him.

Social Classes

Social classes are those agents, that divide an individual within the society. These classes include the lower class, working middle class and the higher élite class.