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4.4 The City of London

The City of London is a geographically small city within Greater London in England. It is the historic core of London. The City’s boundaries [ˈbaundərɪ] have remained almost constant since the Middle Ages. It is often referred to as the City or the Square Mile, as it is just over one square mile [maɪl] in area.

The City is today a major business and financial centre. In the 19th century the City served as the world's primary business centre. Today it has a resident population of under 10,000.

4.5 Great Britain and European Integration

The UK has had good relations with the rest of Europe since World War II. It became a member of the European Economic Community in 1973. Although the UK does not use the euro and is not a member of the Eurozone, it still plays a leading role in the day to day workings of the EU.

As a member of the European Union, the United Kingdom could adopt the euro as its currency [ˈkʌrənsɪ]. However, the subject remains politically controversial.

The government of former Prime Minister Tony Blair had pledged [pledʒ] to hold a public referendum to decide on membership should "five economic tests" be met, to ensure that adoption of the euro would be in the national interest. In addition to these internal criteria, the UK would have to meet the EU's economic convergence criteria, before being allowed to adopt the euro. In February 2005, 55% of British citizens were against adopting the currency, with 30% in favour. The idea of replacing the pound with the euro has been controversial with the British public, partly because of its identity as a symbol of British sovereignty. In December 2008 the results of a BBC poll of 1000 people suggested that 71% would vote "no", 23% would vote "yes" to joining the European single currency. The pound [paund] did not join the Second European Exchange Rate Mechanism.

5. The USA

5.1 The us geography.

The USA is the most powerful and highly developed country in the world. It is situated in the central part of the North American continent. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its western coast is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

The USA is separated from Canada in the north by the 49th parallel and the Great Lakes and from Mexico in the south by the Rio Grande River.

The country consists of three separate parts. They are the Hawaiian Islands, Alaska and the rest major part of the USA. There are fifty states and District of Columbia. The states differ very much in size, population and economic development.

The continental part of the USA consists of the highland regions and two lowland regions. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordilleras and the Sierra Nevada.

The principle rivers of the USA are the Mississippi, the longest river in the world (7330 km) and the Hudson river.

The climate of the USA differs greatly from one part of the country to another. The coldest climate is in the northern part.

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