13 Билет

Bashkortostan.

The Republic of Bashkortostan is a sovereign republic within the Rbssian Federation. It has several names. Bashkortostan occupies the territory of 143 600 sguare kilometers. RB have a three natural regions.Bashkortostan consist of 54 administrative regions 21 cities and 40 townships are situated ere. No tye biggest cities belong Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Neftekamsk and Octyabrsky.Ufa is the capital of the RB, which was founded in 1574. It is political,cilture, economic centre. The are mane theatre, museum, monuments. The Bashkortostan is very rich in mineral resources. Three big national groups are bashkirs, russians, tatars, ukrainians, chuvash,kazakh.

14 Билет

Ufa

The first mention of Ufa can be found in the Russian chronicles dated back to the year 1574. At that time a multi-towered fortress was erected on the right bank of the Sutoloka river to shield off Russian land from the nomadic tribes. In the beginning it was just a castle made of oak-wood. Ancient Bashkirians have called it Imyan Kala that means Oak city. The city was named after the river that goes nearby. Now Ufa is the capital of RB, it is a political, administrative, economic, education and cultural center of the republic and just beautiful and modern polis. Today the population of Ufa is over 1,2 million.Ufa is located on the hill and it has too benefit position – it is protected from the 3 sides by the Ufa, White and Dema rivers. tourists can visit some interesting places of our city like The Monument of Friendship, Statue of Salavat Yulaev. Besides them I’m recommend to see performances at the Bashkirian Dramatic Theater, Russian Dramatic Theater, also we have Opera House, many Art museums, parks, circus.I think that problems of the town are: bad ecology (industry at Chernikovka, trash on the streets and around the city, many cars, etc.), deficiency of parks and relaxation zones, traffic jams.

15 Билет

London (2)

As well as being the capital of England, London is the capital of the United Kingdom. London was founded by the Romans in 43 A.D. and was called Londinium. In 61 A.D. the town was burnt down and when it was rebuilt by the Romans it was surrounded by a wall. That area within the wall is now called the City of London. It is London's commercial and business centre. It contains the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the head offices of numerous companies and corporations. Here is situated the Tower of London. The Tower was built by William the Conqueror who conquered England in 1066. He was crowned at Westminster Abbey. Now most of the Government buildings are located there.During the Tudor period (16th century) London became an important economic and financial centre. The Londoners of the Elizabethan period built the first theatres. Nowadays the theatre land is stretched around Piccadilly Circus. Not far from it one can see the British Museum and the Covent Garden Opera House.During the Victorian period (19th century) London was one of the most important centres of the Industrial Revolution and the centre of the British Empire.Today London is a great political centre, a great commercial centre, a paradise for theatre-goers and tourists, but it is also a very quiet place with its parks and its ancient buildings, museums and libraries.