Упражнения для индивидуальной работы

Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные способы

перевода подлежащего при сказуемом в пассивном залоге:

1.

1. It has been determined that the strength of the current is proportional to the e.m.f. (эдс)

2. The measurement is not affected by heat.

3. The first space ship was given the name "Vostok-l".

4. In order to overcome the difficulties a great deal of experimental work has been carried out by the specialists.

5. Many materials now commonly used were not even thought of some years ago.

to think of - думать о

commonly – обычно

2.

1. It has been shown that this phenomenon is an unusual one.

2. Oxygen is spoken of here as an active element.

3. In gaseous reactions the equilibrium position is largely influenced by pressure.

4. In this way science was given a powerful means for studying complex processes of nature.

5. Medical establishment were offered a new method of treatment using radioactive isotopes.

3.

1. It is known that copper is nearly as good a conductor as silver.

2. We were informed about our professor's report.

3. The electric motor of the latest design may be relied upon*.

4. The composition of steel is affected by various ingredients.

5. The scientists were offered some new themes for research.

to rely upon - полагаться на

4.

1. It will be assumed in the discussion that the surface states remain unchanged in density.

2. A new turbine was given a full load.

3. Chemical methods of purifying water were given much attention to by our scientists.

4. The main reports were preceded by some introductory remarks.

5. Magnetism is referred to in the oldest writings of man.

5.

1. It is said that radar in itself is a kind of navigational equipment, since objects can be located with it.

2. The expedition was given new data about the explored region.

3. Steam generated in a boiler was passed through the super heater.

4. This machine part is acted upon by a suddenly applied force.

6.

1. It has been established that this voltage was sufficient.

2. This problem was given due attention.

3. Modern scientific forecasts of weather can be relied on.

4. In mechanics the study of kinematics is followed by the study of dynamics.

5. Magnetism is referred to in the above article.

7.

1. It has been known long ago that matter is composed of atoms.

2. The gamma rays are affected by a magnetic field.

3. Magnetism is referred to in the oldest writings of man.

4. The qualitative examination of an organic compound is followed by a quantitative analysis.

5. Their expedition was given rather difficult a task.

8.

1. It was reported that the tests were successful.

2. The lecture was asked to explain the operation of the device.

3. Tools are given different shapes for different kinds of work.

4. He was sent for as he was the only engineer who could test the device.

9.

1. It will be shown that magnetism is associated with a circuit in which a current of electricity is flowing.

2. The derived unit of resistance was given the name of ohm.

3. The body may be acted upon by any number of external forces.

4. The book has been looked through by the teacher.

5. Recently the problem has been given close consideration in connection with a new space project.

10.

1. It is considered that such effects are desirable during the process of vulcanization.

2. This material has been subjected to compression in all directions.

3. We shall be given a new subject for research work.

4. Semiconductors may be acted upon by light and radioactive radiation.

5. The voltage change is brought about by the difference in number of turns (витков) in two coils.

to bring about - вызывать

11.

1. It is said that various minerals have been found there in large quantities.

2. The rate of radiation in radioactive bodies is not effected by chemical energy.

3. The choice of method is not greatly influenced by the results obtained.

4. The professor was asked many questions.

5. The question concerning magnetism was referred to in the above article.

12.

1. It has been established that this voltage was sufficient.

2. The distribution of plants (заводов) is greatly affected by local conditions.

3. The lecture delivered by a well-known scientist was followed by a hot discussion.

4. Some circuits are affected by changes in line voltage.

5. Every body is acted upon by a very large number of equal parallel forces.

13.

1. Marx's works are often referred to in scientific papers.

2. Gold has been known and highly valued since the earliest times.

3. The scientists were offered new themes for research.

4. The rate of corrosion is greatly influenced by temperature.

5. It is reported that the flight of the Soviet station was a success.

14.

1. It is reported that many scientists arc working at the problem of space communication.

2. Many telegraph systems have been influenced by achievements of science and technology.

3. The underwater cable is affected by sea water so it is well isolated.

4. The scientist was told about the student's research work.

5. All entirely new microcomputer has been developed by the Institute of Management Problems and the Tbilisi Automation Research Institute.

15.

1. It was found that a needle of a compass moved when it was put near a wire with a current flowing through it.

2. Morse invention was followed by a number of new machines.

3. Modern telegraph systems have been influenced by achievements of science and technology.

4. Electric charges are acted upon by forces when they move in the magnetic field.

5. Copper has been used as a conductor since the beginning of the industry and proper substitute has been found.