- •Теплоэнергетика
- •Module I
- •Participial Constructions The Absolute Participial Construction
- •I. The Absolute Participle Construction with p I (non-prepositional)
- •II. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p I
- •III. The Absolute Participle Construction with p II (non-prepositional)
- •IV. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p II
- •Self-Training Exercises
- •Translate the sentences into Russian and explain the difference between p I and p II. Define the functions:
- •Translate into English using the p II:
- •3. Define the Participial Construction with p I after the determinate word. Note that Participles should be translated in the tense in which the predicate of the main clause is used:
- •Define the Participial Constructions with p I, translate the sentences:
- •Translate the sentences. Define the Participial Constructions with Perfect Participle:
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Electrical Current Serves Us In a Thousand Ways
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Form four sentences using the words given below:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Text 2 Energy Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Find the participle in the text and define its function.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Compare a and b and define the function of the participle:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Module II The Gerund
- •Признаки герундия
- •Перевод герундия на русский язык
- •The Gerund can be used:
- •Text 1 Lightning Active Words and Expressions
- •Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the Gerund:
- •Complete the following sentences using the Gerund according to the model given below:
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function.
- •Put questions to the words in bold type:
- •Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •Text 2 Active Words and Expressions
- •Atmospheric Electricity
- •Exercises Complete the following sentences using the Gerund
- •Translate the following sentences using the Gerund.
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function:
- •A) Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs, wherever necessary.
- •What questions are answered by the words in bold type in the following sentences?
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to both, both…and:
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Form five sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in columns I and II:
- •Describe Franklin’s kite experiment.
- •Give a short summary of the text. Module III
- •Infinitive
- •Формы инфинитива
- •Функции инфинитива в предложении
- •Text 1 From the History of Electricity
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:
- •2. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the words in bold type:
- •3. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the Infinitive:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words one or for:
- •9. Explain the meaning of the following compound words:
- •10. Retell Volta’s biography. Text 2 Electric Current
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Exercises
- •1. Translate the following sentences and define the Infinitive constructions:
- •2. According to the models given below form sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in сolumns 1, 2, 3, 4.
- •3. Translate the following sentences using the Infinitive:
- •4. Make up questions and answer them. Work in pairs:
- •Explain why:
- •Define the meaning of the following words:
- •7. The following statements are not true to fact. Correct them:
- •8. Give headings to each paragraph of the text.
- •9. Put two questions to each paragraph of the text. Ask your partner to answer them.
- •10. Give an abstract of the text. Библиографический список
Exercises
Find the participle in the text and define its function.
Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
1. The girl is finishing her work. 2. The work is being finished by the girl. 3. The girl finishing her work is my sister. 4. Finishing her work, the girl spoke to her friend. 5. The work having been finished, the students went home. 6. Having finished her work, the girl went out. 7. Having been finished in time, the work was given to the teacher. 8. My brother finished his work, his friend helped him.
Compare a and b and define the function of the participle:
Model: A B
Having brought the dictionaries from the library, the students began to translate the article. |
The dictionaries having been brought from the library, the students began to translate the article. |
Having finished my translation, I gave it to the teacher.
The translation having been finished, I gave it to the teacher.
Having finished the experiment, the students left the laboratory.
The experiment having been finished, the students left the laboratory.
Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction:
1. An object losing its potential energy, that energy is turned into kinetic energy. 2. Water falling from its raised position, energy is changed from potential to kinetic. 3. My friend was reading an English article, his brother watching TV. 4. Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them. 5. There being a hydroelectric station at the waterfall, the energy of the falling water is used to drive the turbines. 6. The energy sources of the world decreasing, the scientists must find new sources of energy. 7. There are different sources of energy, the sun being an unlimited source of all its forms. 8. Industrial applications of energy increasing, more and more energy is needed every year.
Give short answers to the following questions:
1. Can one form of energy be changed into another form? 2. Does a generator produce mechanical energy? 3. Is the sun an unlimited source of energy? 4. Can we employ solar energy directly? 5. Have scientists transformed solar energy into electric energy? 6. Is potential energy the energy of motion? 7. Do we need more and more electric energy every year? 8. Are there various forms of energy? 9. Do you use electric energy every day? 10. Can the energy of falling water be used to drive the turbines? 11. Is kinetic energy the energy of position?
Form questions for the following short answers:
Model: Is the sun an unlimited source of energy? – Yes, it is.
Yes, he does. 6. No, there are not.
No, we do not. 7. Yes, she must.
No, they cannot. 8. Yes, there is.
Yes, I did. 9. No, you may not.
No, it is not. 10. Yes, I shall.
Translate the following sentences:
1. Падающая вода может приводить в действие турбину. 2. Говоря об энергии, мы могли бы упомянуть потенциальную и кинетическую энергию. 3. Работая в лаборатории, студент пользовался электрическими приборами. 4. Прочитав второй урок, мы начали переводить его. 5. Химические источники тока находят ограниченное применение в промышленности.
State the energy change that takes place in each of the following devices:
Model: Motor changes electrical energy into mechanical energy.
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5. electric furnace |
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Retell the text.