- •Российский государственный торгово-экономический университет Учебник для студентов торгово-экономических специальностей английский язык
- •Содержание
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 1 – 3
- •I. Complete the sentences using the right item
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •III. Insert the right preposition
- •IV. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 4-6
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •III. Complete the sentences with can, could, be able to, must, have to, be to, should in appropriate forms. Use several options and translate the sentences.
- •IV. Insert the right preposition.
- •V. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 7-8
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item
- •II. Fill in the right preposition
- •III. Match the words to make pairs
- •IV. Combine the sentences using Past Simple and Past Perfect.
- •V. Make comparisons using more - the most; better – the best; as…as; not so as; -er, -est where necessary.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 10
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 9-10
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item.
- •II. Put the following sentences into the Reported Speech.
- •III. Insert the right preposition.
- •IV. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Unit 11
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 12
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 13
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 14
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 13, 14
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item.
- •II. Open the brackets using conditionals.
- •III. Put the verbs into the right form.
- •IV. Rewrite the following sentences using Complex Subject.
- •Resource File. Activate your Grammar.
- •Text Bank Unit 1. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 2. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Unit 5 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 6 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it. The Sales Manager
- •Unit 7 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Unit 8. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 9. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 10. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Present Continuous
- •3. Present Simple
- •4. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
- •5. Past Simple
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in the past simple tense.
- •6. Past Continuous
- •7. Past Simple vs Past Continuous.
- •8. Present Perfect Simple
- •9. Present Perfect vs Past Simple
- •Compare
- •Compare these sentences.
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •Present Perfect Simple vs Present Perfect Continuous. Compare these sentences
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Future Forms
- •2. Be going to (do)
- •3. Present Continuous1 with a future meaning.
- •4. Present Simple with a future meaning.
- •5. Future Continuous
- •Ex. 1. Put the following sentences in the negative and question forms (yes/no questions).
- •Ex. 2. Put the verbs into the correct form.
- •Ex. 3. Make one sentence from two sentences.
- •Ex. 4. Are you (your friend, your parents) going to do/ not going to do these things tomorrow?
- •Ex. 5. Put the verb in the correct form using will or going to.
- •Ex. 6. What will these people be doing tomorrow from 8 till 8-30 in the morning?
- •Ex. 7. Write some sentences about your plans for the next few days.
- •Ex. 8. Choose the correct verb form in the following pairs of sentences.
- •14. Revision of Tenses
- •15. Modal Verbs (Basic Rules)
- •2. Must – have to – be to
- •Ex. 5. Put in must or have to.
- •Ex. 6. Put in must or had to.
- •Ex. 7. Make questions with have to.
- •Ex. 8. Make negative sentences with have to.
- •Ex. 9. Underline the correct verb form.
- •4. Should (do)
- •1. General Questions
- •2. Special Questions
- •3. Alternative questions
- •17. Reported Speech
- •Verb in the past.
- •18. There (is) and It (is)
- •Ex. 3. Complete the dialogue with used to or didn’t use to.
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •20. Conditionals Type 1
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense using type 1 conditional.
- •Ex. 2. Open the brackets using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 3. Give advice using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 5. Rewrite the following story using type 3 conditional.
- •E.G. If Ron hadn’t slept until twelve yesterday, he wouldn’t have failed the exam. Continue rewriting the story. Ex. 6. Match the following parts of the sentence
- •Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •21. Passive Voice
- •22. Complex Subject
- •Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Ex. 2. Rewrite the following sentences using the Complex Subject.
- •Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •23. Gerund
- •25. Participles
- •Participle I has four forms:
- •26. Complex Object
- •27. Articles
- •28. Pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •29. Some, Any, No
- •30. Compound pronouns.
- •31. Much, Many, Little, Few, a Lot (of)
- •32. Adjectives and Adverbs
- •33. Comparisons
- •Irregular Forms.
- •2. The same as
- •34. Other and Another
- •Ex. 1. Fill in the blanks with other, another, the other.
- •Ex. 2. Insert other or others.
- •We write ’ after nouns in plural
- •We use the possessive (’s) structure when the first noun is the name of a person, group of people, animal, organization, country.
- •E.G. Rules: club / football
- •36. So and Such
- •37. Enough and Too
- •Compare:
- •Ex. 3. Use too or enough.
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •38. Relative Сlauses
- •39. Prepositions At / on / in (time)
- •E.G. On Monday
- •For / During
- •In / at and to (places and directions)
- •40. Irregular Verbs
- •41. Word-Formation
- •42. Abbreviation List
4. Should (do)
We use it to give advice.
E.g. You should use the Internet to find the material. = It’s a good idea to use the Internet to find the material.
Ex. 13. You are giving advice to a friend. Use should, shouldn’t.
You … work so hard, it’s dangerous for your health.
You … ride a horse at night if you are not very good at it.
You … buy a new camera before your trip to Africa.
You … look for a new job if you want a pay rise.
You … visit this very interesting museum.
You … do an English course if you are planning to work abroad.
You … talk so much.
Your bike is very old. I think you … sell it.
You … learn to drive, you may need this skill.
He doesn’t look well. He … go to the doctor.
Ex. 14. Complete the following sentences with your own ideas.
I think people should …
I don’t think children should …
I think everybody should …
My mother should …
My friend should not …
I really should …
I should not …
Ex. 15. Complete the sentences with can, could, be able to, must, have to, mustn’t, couldn’t, had to, don’t have, may (might) in appropriate forms.
You … come into the study when your father is working.
I … go on an excursion with them, I… get ready for my exams.
It has rained a lot, so we … water the garden.
I haven’t decided yet. I … buy a Ford or a VW.
I … cook breakfast for the whole family, nobody else will do it.
I think I … speak French well in a few months.
… I have a word with you? – Certainly.
I am not sure, but he … be out.
I am free at the weekend so the children … stay with me.
He … speak Spanish well when he was only 4.
We don’t have exact plans for tomorrow. We … play tennis or we … go for a swim.
He … mend his car but it took him a lot of time.
I am tired. I …go to bed early.
You …knock before you come into my room. I am glad to see you any time.
Ex. 16. Translate from Russia into English, using various modal verbs.
Вам следует взять отпуск.
Скажи Петру, что он должен немедленно привести в порядок комнату.
Малыш умел ездить на велосипеде уже в три года.
Вам придется поговорить с ним, если вы хотите решить эту проблему.
Макс сумел проверить результаты работы, хотя у него было мало времени в лаборатории.
Вам не следует приезжать в офис в среду, мы будем очень заняты.
Мне пришлось встретиться с ними, чтобы обсудить ключевые проблемы.
Я не знаю, где он. Он может быть дома или на работе.
Вы должны были сделать все задания за два дня или за три?
Вам пришлось присутствовать на выставке лично из-за болезни вашего менеджера?
Могу я переговорить с вами по телефону?
Почему вы должны были лететь в Лондон в выходные дни?
Почему ему не следует вести машину так быстро?
Он не знает, куда поехать отдыхать. Он может поехать в Англию или во Францию.
Я не мог участвовать в конференции и очень жалею об этом.
Почему вы не смогли принять решение без меня?
Мне следует надеть галстук в ресторан.
Детям нельзя разговаривать с незнакомыми.
Ему не нужно обсуждать все детали контракта, мы это уже сделали.
Я должен показать какой-нибудь документ, прежде чем войти?
Ей нет необходимости работать, она получает большую пенсию.
Ему нельзя громко разговаривать, когда родители работают в соседней комнате.
16. Questions in Different Tenses. Revision.
There are four types of questions:
general
special
alternative
tag-questions